US1120999A - Governing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

M; B. CARROLL. GOVERNING MECHANISM.

" APPLICATION FILED NOV. 24. 1 913.

Patented Dec 15, 1914.

/ I 1 r I, 1 3 n I 1 LI 1 l I 5 I l 1 V Fig 2.

Inventor; MOEFIS [3 ly Li? Cal- Vol I.

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MORRIS B. CARROLL, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGHQR Ti) GENERAL ELECTRIC CQMFANE', A CQBORATIGN BTEXRPYORKW 1 GOVERNING MECHANlSM.

Speeiflcation of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 24, 1913. Se ial No. 802,648

To all whom it may concern: o

Be it known that I, Mourns B. CARROLL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State oi lvlassuohusetts have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governing Meehanisin, of which the following is a speeification.

My invention relates to elastic Fluid turbines designed to be primarily driven by low pressure steam, as the exhaust from high pressure non-condensing prime movers, and is applicable to such turbines of either the low pressure or mixed pressure type.

My invention relates part-it'zularly to a governing mechanism for controlling the supply of motive lluiil to such turbines, one objectbeinp; to provide a. governing mechanism. which is responsive to the speed, oi or loacl on the turbine, to e condition of the motive fluid at the inlet of? the turbine and to the exhaust pressure.

In installations where the eliicieuov'of the prime mover is improved by a reduction in the back pressure, it is advantageous when the load. on the turbine is light to bv-pass the excess of exhaust steam to the con elenser, thereoy giving the prime mover the benefit of a lower exhaust pressure. A :lfurtl'ier feature of my invention consists in. the application of my governing mechanism to :1. turbine u'ovitled with such 5 by puss.

Other ob'jeets anti advantages of my invention will be pointed out l'iereinajiitor.

Referring to the drawing wherein l have illustrated by Way of example certain forms Which my invention may take, Fig ure 1 is a. diagrammatic view of a turbine to which my improved governing nieohanisin has been applied and which is shown as connected to receive the exhaust from a high pressure prime mover; F is an enlarged view of a liagrannnatic nature showing a turbine embodying nrv invention; Fig. 3 is a detail view oi a motlilimu tion.

The prime mover 1, here shown as being a high pressure reeiprocatinn engine, receivingits supply othigh pressure steam through the conduit 2, has its erthaust (coir (luit 3 (toni'iecteii to the turbine l. This turbine may be, as before stated, either a 10W pressure or a mixed pressure n'iachiiie and in either case is pro /filed with a high pressure valve mechanism 5 through which live steam may he fetl to the turbine from eon- (hot 6. The turbine is shown as exhausting through conduit 7 into a suitable condenser 8. Connecting the conduits 3 and 7 is a hy-pass 9 in which is arranged a suitable valve 10 The valve 10 is operatecl through rack 11., pinion 11 and rotl 12 by the pi ton 13 of a hydraulic 1110tOl1'l. The piston 13 also operates the high pressure val e mechanism. through the rod 15. The conneetions of the piston to valve 19 and valve mechanism 5 are such that the valve mechanism (loss become operative to eciinit live steam to the turbine until valve 10 is substantially closed. The hydraulic motor is controlled hf anorclinary pilot valve 16 provided with a pressure inlet 16 and pressure outlets l6" and having its Stein 1? ettaoiiotl a t an intermediate point to the floating lever lb. This floating lever has one end attached to the speed governor 19 and the other rntl tl'irough link 20 and lever 21 to the rod 153. The zirrangementof governing inecluinisni for the valve 10 and valve ineclmnisin 5 so far describe-(l constitutes a well known iiorni einboiiyii'ig' a follow-u; device, the operation of which is well known.

In connection with the speed governor ariangeinent just described, 1 provide means iespousive to a, condition oi the supply of low pressure steam for shooting the hy tlruuiie motor mechanism \vhicli means may take the form of either a pressure responsive device, at flow responsive device or a oombinationof the two.- The provision such a means is of particular advantage in connection with a turbine installation inning a b v-pa:-;s as shown in that it provides for a close and eiiii'ciont regulution.

lo "sos Where the condenser vacuum vai we also oi? u-Llvuutage to have the icontflihuvglj means for the motive iluitl re- :wnsive ll? surh variations sinre any ohange in. this vacuum will affect the operatiouof the iuarhine, and my invention contemplates the provision. o'f'nieaus responsive to such vari ":ions.

In Fig. 2, is u (liaphrug'ni, the interior oi? which is subjected to the pressure of the fluid supply in conduit 3. rietl by this diaphragm is iivotetl to one end oi floating lever ill, the opposite end. of

A stem .23 earwhich is adjustably pivoted in the connector 25. At an intermediate point lever 24 is attached to lever 21 by link 26. By this arrangement any movement of diaphragm 22 is transmitted through the'parts 23, 24k, 26, 21, 20, 18 and 17 to the pilot valve 16 controlling the hydraulic motor 14. At 27 is shown a second diaphragm, the interior of which is in communication with the conduit 7 leading to condenser 8. The stem 28 of this diaphragm is pivoted to one end of a lever 29 supported at an intermediate point by arm 30. The other end of lever 29 ad justably engages the connector 25. An u ward movement of diaphragm 27 will thus lower the left hand end of lever permitting lever 24 to move downward, the

end of stem 23 acting as the pivot point. By this movement the pilot valve is affected in the same manner as by a contraction of diaphragm 22, it being evident that an increase in vacuum pressure produces the same general effect on the turbine as would a decrease in the admission pressure. These corresponding effects are not equal for equal changes in pressure but are, however, proportioned to each other. A contraction of diaphragm 27 operates oppositely to that just explained as will be obvious. In the arrangement as shown in Fig. 2 ,it will be evident that the admission of fluid pressure is controlled by the speed governor and by the pressures in the inlet conduit and the condenser; z. e. by the drop in pressure across the machine.

In place of the pressure res onsive device as'shown at 22, in Fig. 2,v may use a suitable flow responsive device. Oneform of such device is shown in Fig. 3. In this figure 24 corresponds to the lever 24 of Fig. 2, and, through the stem 23 is connected to the float 22, here shown as a disk.

This float is arranged in the inlet conduit 3', and 1s responsive to the rate of flow through the same.

While I have shown the fluid admission mechanism when applied to a turbine provided with a'by-pass as being under the control of both a condition of the fluid supply and the vacuum pressure, it will be clear that if desired and conditions ermitted eitherone or the other control might be omitted.

In accordance With the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that. the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pa tent of the United States, is 1-- 1.' The combination with a turbine having 29 thereby a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a bypass leading from said supply conduit, valve means in the by-pass for controlling the effective area thereof, a speed responsive device, a device responsive to the pressure in the supply conduit, and means connecting said device to the valve means for controlling the same.

2. The combination with a turbine having a conduit supplying motive fluid thereto, and an'exhaust conduit, of a by-pass leading from said supply conduit, valve means therein. for controlling the effective area of said by-pass, a governor, a device responsive to the condition of the motive fluid supplied to said turbine, and means connecting said governor and said device to the valve means.

3. The combination with a turbine having a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a by-pass leading from the supply conduit, valve means for controlling the effective area of said by-pass, and means controlled by both the speed of the turbine and the drop in pressure across said turbine for controlling said valve means.

4. The combination with a turbine having a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a bypass leading from said supply conduit, valve means for controlling the effective area of said by-pass, i

a speed governor for controlling said valve means, and means responsive to the drop in pressure across said turbine for also controlling said valve means.

5. The combination with a turbine having a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a by-pass connecting the supply conduit to the exhaust conduit, valve' means for controlling the effective area of said by-pass, a speed governor for controlling said valve means, and means responsive to the drop in pressure across said turbine for also controlling said valve means.

6. The combination with a turbine having a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a bypass connecting the supply conduit to the exhaust conduit, valve means for controlling the efl'ective area of said by-pass, and means controlled by the speed of the turbine, a condition of the motive fluid supplied to said turbine and the pressure in said exhaust conduit for controlling said valve means.

7. The combination with a turbine having a conduit for supplying motive fluid thereto and an exhaust conduit, of a by-pass leading from said supply conduit, valve means for controlling the effective area of said bypass, and means controlled by the speed of the turbine and by the pressure in said ex haust for controlling said valve means.

8. In combination, a high pressure engine,

v angina to sai turbine,

maawm a 10W pressnm turbine, a conchit for can.- veying the exhaust from the high pressure an exhaust conduit for i3 2 turbima, a hp-pass Ties- 3 1mg firom fake le cmadui w, web's means for admit,- "pr sssm-e steam to said turbine ma ma: rgar. .xwmmlling; the afiective a of Bait; byqwss, and Imam cantro'fied 5&2 194253 545?v turbine and by the drag;

in pressure acmss said turbine for control- 10 ling both of saicl valve means.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto. set my hand. this 20th day of November, 1913.

MORRIS B. CARROLL.

Witnesses

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