US1119717A - Cylindrical grinding-machine. - Google Patents

Description

d. H. NORTON. GYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914- 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. H'. NORTON.

OYLINDRIOAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUN-E a, 1913. 1,119,717. Patented Dec.1,1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WM/W

G. H. NORTON.

GYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

g r Ill/d.

G. H. NORTON.

GYLINDRICAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE s, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

G. H. NORTON,

CYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

zeta/W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. NORTON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO NORTON GRINDING COMPANY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

CYLINDRIOAL GRINDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed June 6, 1913. Serial No. 772,055.

- a citizen of the United States, residing at- Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Cylindrical Grinding-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for grinding surfaces of rotation, especially cylindrical surfaces.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a machine of this character of a simple construction in comparison with the kind of work that it accomplishes and capable of being fully controlled and manipulated by an operator in a comparatively simple way, and also self-contained so that no overhead counter shaft is required and it can be operated conveniently by a motor, or by a belt coming from above or below.

An important feature is an improved reversal cushioning device, to permit a very material increase in table speed and rate of production of work.

The invention also involves means wherebv although the grinding wheel rotates all the time when the power is on and the table also traverses automatically, yet the table can be thrown out of operation without stopping the grinding wheel or the other parts of the machine in order that the table may be operated byhand: means whereby when the table is"ieversing automatically, the throwing out of the work drive also stops the table and prevents its being operated by power while the work drive is inoperative; also means whereby the work drive can be thrown in leaving the table inoperative ex cept by hand, and means whereby the throwing in of the automatic table reverse will also start the work revolution; means whereby the automatic reverse also automatically feeds the wheel up at each end of the reverse; and means whereby this feed also can be operated by hand.

The invention also involves improvements in combinations of parts and details of construction as will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a sectional View on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the main driving shaft and connected parts; Fig. 5 is a front view of the wheel feeding and reversing mechanism; Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 66 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail of the pawl mechanism; Fi 8 is a side view partly in section of the s aft for operating the sliding table and connected parts Fig. 9 is a front view of part of the reversing mechanism thereof; Fig. 10 is a side view of part of the wheel feed and clutch mechanisms; Fig. 11 is a front view of the table; Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11, the worm wheel being sectional on the line a2m of Fig. 12*. Fig. 12 is a central vertical sectional view of said worm wheel; Fig. 13 is a plan of the clutch mechanism shown in Fig. 12; and Fig. 14 is a sectional view of a detail thereof on the line 1414 of Fig. 11 showing most of the parts in elevation.

The machine is shown as comprising a main casting or base A on which operates a sliding table B mounted in longitudinal ways on the top of the base. There is also a wheel slide C operating in transverse ways toward and from the sliding table which is designed to support the work. A pump D is also provided.

The machine receives its power from a main driving belt 8 passing around a pair of tight and loose pulleys 9 on the main shaft 10. This belt is shifted by a handle 11 and belt shifter 12. On this shaft is a pulley 13 which by belt 14 drives a cone pulle 15. This drives a second cone pulley 15 on a shaft 16. In line with this shaft 16 are two shafts 17 and 18, each independent of the other. By a clutch 19 the shaft 17 can be connected positively with the shaft 16 to be driven directly therefrom. or the clutch can be moved to a position in which the power will be transmitted from the shaft 16 to the shaft 17 through a set of gearing 20 of the ordinary back gearing type. The shaft 17, therefore, can be driven from the shaft16 at two different speeds in accordance with the setting of the clutch 19. The clutch 19 is operated by a lever 19.

The shaft 18 can be driven from the shaft 17 in either direction through an automatic reversing mechanism comprising a clutch 21 and double bevel gearing 22. On the shaft 18 is a worm 23meshing with a worm wheel 24 loose ona"transverse shaft 25. Loosely mounted between the shaft and wheel is a bearing member 240 and a clutch member 250. This clutch member has fixed to it a pair of radial arms 241 extending into and filling the cross section of a circumferential groove 242 in the bearing member 240; Extending in from the wheel are similar radial pistons 251. The spaces between the arms and pistons constitute air cushions for relieving shock on reversal. The rate at which the air escapes on reversal through passages 252 is regulated by screws 253. In this Way I have found in practice that remarkably great table speeds can be obtained with a corresponding increase in production of work. On the shaft 25 is fixed a pinion 26 meshing with a rack 27 on the sliding table B. lt is through this mechanism that the sliding table is operated back and forth. In order that the table may be fed by hand at the will of the operator a hand wheel 28 is provided. This carries a pinion or gear 29 meshing with a gear 30 loose on the shaft 25 and having clutch teeth 31. A double clutch mechanism 32 operated in one direction by a handle 33, and in the other by a spring 33 allows the operator to move the table by hand or by means of the worm 23. A lever 34 having a handle operates a sliding cam 35 which engages the back of the handle 33.

lVhen the machine is in operation, the handle of the lever 34 can be lowered to disengage the double clutch 32 in opposition to the spring 33 and stop the table. At the same time the lever 34, through a link 36, disengages a clutch 37 which controls the work drive as will appear hereinafter. The lever 34 is fixed on a rod 340 which has a crank 341 on the end to which the link 36 is connected.

When the clutch 32 is thrown in, and the sliding table is operated, the hand feed is automatically thrown out. A locking device 38 prevents the clutch 32 being thrown into a position to cause the worm gear 24 to operate the table when the locking device is back of handle 33.

The clutch 21 is operated by a slide 39. The sliding table B is provided with the usual dogs B which are designed to engage a reversing lever 40 and operate it. The slide 39 is mounted on a fixed rod 41 having a double collar 42 thereon and a pair of end collars 43 slidably mounted thereon. Springs 44 are mounted between these collars. The ends of the slide 39 have catches 45 adapted to engage pawls or latches 46 pivoted to brackets 48 on the rod 41. These anaemia .47 carried by the reversing lever 40 in a manner similar to that set forth in my application for patent on the surface grindin machine filed on even date herewith, Seria No. 772,054.

The reversing lever is provided with a roller 51 which is designed to engage a projection on a feed lever 52 at the bottom. This lever operates a bell crank 53 pivoted to swing on a shaft 54, the connection between the lever 52 and the crank 53 is through a screw 55 having adjusting nuts 56. The screw 55 is guided at one end by a nut 57. The feed lever 52 is held up by a spring-pressed buffer 58 which yields to allow the reversinglever -40 to move over the projection thereon which is located in the path of the roller 51.

The bell crank 53 is provided with two pawls 60 designed to ratchet along a series of teeth 61 on the edge of a circular plate 62. These pawls are so spaced that first one engages a tooth and then the other engages another tooth. Thus the teeth do not have to be spaced as finely as they would with a single pawl. These teeth extend throughout a part only of the circumference of this plate. This plate is fixed to a gear 63' loosely mounted to rotate on a bushing 64, which bushing is keyed to the shaft 54. Also keyed to the shaft 54 is a gear 65 having a long hub. The gear 65 has one more tooth than the gear 63. Adapted to engage both of these gears is a sliding pinion 66 operated by a handle 67. This handle can be pulled out so that the pinions 66 will mesh only with the gear 65 or it can be pushed into the position shown in Fig. 6, in which it meshes with both gears. A spring pressed pin 68 on a hand wheel 69 serves to hold the handle 67 in either of its extreme positions. This handle and its gear are also supported by the hand wheel. The plate 62 is provided with a spring-pressed lock 70. The hand wheel is provided with an index plate 71 having notches 72 for receiving the lock so that these parts may be locked together. A stop 73 is pivoted at the side. thereof to engage the lock 70 when thrown back and hold the plate 62 locked.

The shaft 54 constitutes a wheel feed screw and for that purpose is provided with screw threads on the end which engage in a nut 75 fixed to a hub 76 secured in a projection on the bottom of the wheel slide C. A weight 77 supported by a chain 78 at the bottom of this hub and passing over any idler serves normally to hold the wheel slide back. The interior of the hub 76 is oiled than?" 3 through a passage 79 having a cover 80. A door 81 is provided on the base A. for access to these parts.

\Vhen it is desired to feed the wheel slide up by hand toward the work which is carried by the sliding table B the plate 62 and the index plate 71 are locked together by means of the lock and the pawls 60 are thrown up out of the way. When it is desired to feed the wheel plate up very slowly by hand the plate 62 is locked in stationary position by the stop 73 and the handle 67 pushed in then the rotation of the hand wheel causes the screw 54 to feed up very slowly. When the screw 51 is to beoperated by power the plates 62 and 71 are also looked together and then the pawls 60 opcrate the plate 62, one step at each end of the traverse of the table.

As is well understood the sliding table B carries the work which is to be fed forward and back and rotated on its own axis. For this purpose it is provided with a head stock 85 and a tail stock 86 similar to those in use on lathes. Therefore they will not be described in detail. This table also is provided with a guiding surface or way 87 for a steady rest 88 which is provided with a handle 89 for clamping it in any position along this guide. This steady rest is shown as having an inclined body parallel with the way or guide on which it is carried, and to this are pivoted parallel links 90 of equal length. These links carry a rigid member 91. On this member is pivoted a lever 93 which has work engaging surfaces 94:. Carried by the member 91 is an inclined screw 95 for engaging a rear projection 96 on this lever and adapted to swing the lever about its pivot so as to raise it when the screw is forced in. horizontal screw 97 is mounted on the steady rest proper and engages the rear of the member 91 to force it forward with a parallel motion when that screw is forced in. This constitutes a convenient way of adjusting the bearing surfaces of the steady rest either vertically or horizontally as may be desired.

The work is rotated by means of bevel gears 98 connected with the shaft 10, by the clutch 37, and operating a telescopic shaft 99 connected by spiral gears 100 with a shaft 101. From this latter shaft a belt drives a cone pulley 102 and a belt from this pulley drives a pulley 103 on the work spindle 104:. The shaft 10 is also provided with a pulley 105 which, through a belt 106, operates the pump D. This pump is provided with a hose and a nozzle 108 for discharging the water on the grinding wheel E at the point at which it engages the work. The sliding table is provided with a flange 109 on the front and another flange 110 on the rear forming troughs for receiving the water and directing it back through a spout 111 into a tank v11a on the main tasting Af-TThis tank is provided with a discharge spout 1 13 at the bottom and is pivoted 'onjthebase A. It has a catch 114 for engaging two teeth 115 for holding it either in upright or inclined position and when inclined it discharges through a spout 116 normally located at the top. A handle 117 is provided for manipulating it.

For the purpose of rotating the grinding wheel, the shaft 10 is provided with a pulley 118 wh1ch, through a belt 119 passing over an idler and ti htener 120, operates a shaft 121. On this s aft is a pulley 122 which by belt 123, kept tight by a tightener 124, operates the grinding wheel shaft 126 on which the grinding wheel E is located. The belt tightener is kept in position for performing its function by a weight 125.

On account of this construction it will be seen that a single operator in front of the machine has Within his reach all the levers and handles by which the different functions of the machine are controlled; that he has full control of the machine for the purpose of causing the sliding table to feed forward and back automatically and the grinding wheel to be fed up automatically at each operation of the table or for the purpose of performing these functions by hand; and that when the main driving belt is on the tight pulley the work-table will operate back and forth continuously, the grinding wheel will rotate and be automatically fed up, the pump will be operated, and the work drive also operated continuously unless the operator shall desire to perform the first or thir'dof these functions by hand, in which case, he can do this without stopping the rest of the machine or shifting the main driving belt back on the loose pulley.

I do not claim herein the mechanism for feeding the grinding wheel slide by itself, nor the foot stock support, nor the steady rest, nor the driving mechanism by itself, as these constitute the subject matter of divisional applications Nos. 852,386; 852,387; 852,388 and 852,389, all filed on the 22nd day of July, 1914. v

Although I have illustrated and described only a single embodiment of the invention, I am aware of the fact that modifications can be made therein by any person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do not wish to be limited in these respects, but

What I do claim is 1. In a grinding machine, the combina tion with a reciprocable work table, of operating means comprising a gear, means for rotating and reversing the gear, a shaft extending through the gear and connected with the table, and pneumatic means for cushioning the reversal and bringing the ice table to a gentle stop at each end ofits travel. k

2. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating work table, means for operating the table comprising a gear, a shaft therefor, said gear and shaft having an inclosed circular groove between them, radial projections extending across, and fitting in, said groove from the wheel and from the shaft and spaced apart to provide air cushions, and means for reversing the rotation of the gear.

3. In a grinding machine, the combination with a reciprocable work table, of operating means comprising a hollow gear, means for rotating and reversing the gear, a shaft extending through the gear and connected with the table, a loose clutch memher, a bearing member within the gear having a circumferential groove provided with a regulatable air escape passage, a radial arm on the clutch member fitting said groove, and a radial piston on the gear also fitting thegroove, said arm and piston being located on opposite sides of said air escape passage for cushioning the gear upon each reversal.

4. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a power shaft, of a reciprocable work table, operating means therefor, automatic reversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out the work drive, and means whereby when the table is reversing automatically the throwing out of the work drive will stop the table independently of the power shaft.

5. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a reciprocable work table, of operating means therefor, automatic reversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out the work drive, means whereby when the table is reversing automatically the throwing out of the work drive will stop the table, and means whereby the work drive can be thrown in and rotated and the table thereby rendered inoperative except by hand.

6. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a reciprocable work table, of operating means therefor, automatic reversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out the work drive, means whereby when the table is reversing automatically the throwing out of the work drive will stop the table, means whereby the work drive can be thrown in and rotated and the table left inoperative except by hand, and means whereby the throwing in of the automatic table reverse will ,also start the work drive.

7. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a power shaft, of a reciprocable work table, operating means therefor, automatic reversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out,

i iom-r the work drive, and means whereby the throwing in of the automatic table reverse independently of the power shaft will also start the work driving means.

8. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocable table for supporting the work, a reversing mechanism for controlling the reciprocation of the table, a wheel slide movable toward and from the path of the table, an operating means for rotating the work and said reversing mechanism, means for rotating the grinding wheel, means for reciprocating the table, means whereby the table can be disconnected from said operating means and operated by hand while the grinding wheel continues to rotate, means whereby when the work rotating means is disconnected from said operating means the reciprocation of the table by said operating means will also be stopped.

9. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating table, a power shaft, means connected with the power shaft for operating the table, a reversing mechanism for controlling the reciprocation of the table, means on the table for supporting the work, means connected with said shaft for rotating the work, means for simultaneously disconnecting the work rotating means and the table from said shaft, and means whereby the table can be operated by hand or by power at the will of the operator when the work rotating means is operatively connected with said shaft.

10. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a sliding table, a shaft, a gear for driving the table, a clutch arranged to connect said gear positively with the shaft at the will of the operator, a bandle for operating said clutch, means mounted on said table for supporting the work to be operated upon, means for rotating said work by power, means for disconnecting the rotating means from the power, and a lever for controlling said disconnected means,

said lever being provided with means for engaging said handle and moving the handle to a position for holding said clutch in neutral position when the lever is in position for disengaging the work rotating means from its source of power.

11. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a sliding table, means for driving said table, a handle for connecting said table to be operated by power, means on said table for supporting the work to be operated upon, a power shaft for rotating the work, a clutch for disconnecting the rotating means from the power shaft, a lever for operating the clutch, and means connected with said lever and operated thereby for moving said handle into neutral position when the lever is moved into a position to disengage its clutch.

12. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the

combination of a sliding table having a rack,

a shaft under said table having a pinion thereon meshing with the rack, a gear loosely mounted on said shaft for driving it by power, a second gear loosely mounted on said shaft, means connected with the second gear for driving the shaft by'hand, a-

the combination of a sliding table havinga rack, a shaft under said table having pinion thereon meshing with the rack, a gear loosely mounted on said shaft for drivingv it by power, a second gear loosely mounted on said shaft, means connected with the second gear for driving the shaft by hand,

a clutch arranged to connect either or neither of said gears positively with the shaft at the will of theoperator, a handle for operating said clutch, means mounted on said table for'supporting the work to be operated upon, means for rotating said work by power, means for disconnecting the rotating means from the power, and a lever for controlling said disconnected means, said lever being provided with means for engaging said handle and mov ing the handle to a position for holding said clutch in neutral position when the lever is in position for disengaging the work rotating means from its source of power.

14. In a cylindrical grinding 'machine,

the combination of a sliding table, means for driving said table by power, means for driving the table by hand, a handle for connecting said table to be operated by hand or power, means on said table for supporting the work to be operated upon, a power shaft for rotating the work, a clutch for disconnecting the rotating means from the power shaft, a lever for operating the clutch, and a cam connected with said lever and operated thereby for moving said handle into neutral position when the lever is moved into a position to disengage its clutch.

15. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the

combination of a sliding table, means forfor operating the clutch, a cam connected -.with.sa1d lever and operated thereby for moving said handle into neutral position when the lever is moved into-a position to disengage its clutch, and a lockfor engaging said handle and preventing its being moved into a position to connect the table withthepower. v

" 16. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a sliding table, means for driving the table by power, means for driving the table by hand, a clutch arranged to connect the table either with the power or hand drive at the will of the operator, a handle for operating said clutch, and a lockfor engaging said handle and preventing the table with the power.- 1

17. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocable table for supporting the work, a wheel slide movable toward and from the path of the table, means on the wheel slide for supporting a grinding wheel, a power shaft, means operated by said shaft for rotating the grinding wheel, means operated by said shaft for reits being moved into a position to connect ciprocating the table, means whereby the table can be disconnected from said shaft and operated by hand while the shaft is connected with the grinding wheel, a reversing device for operating the table alternately in opposite directions, and a feeding device for said wheel slide connected with and operated by said reversing device.

18. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating table for supporting the Work, a reversing mechanism for controlling the reciprocation of the table automatically, a wheel slide movable toward and from the path of the table, means on the wheel'slide for supporting a grinding wheel, a power shaft, means operated by said shaft for rotating the-grindingwheel, means operated by said shaft for reciprocating the table, means whereby the table can be disconnected from the operating means therefor and operated by hand while the shaft is connected with the grinding wheel, and a feeding device for said wheel slide connected with and operated by said reversing mechanism, said feeding device comprising a feed lever having a portion thereof located in the path of a movable part of the reversing mechanism, means for yieldingly holding said lever in position to engage said movable part of the reversing mechanism, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism connected with said lever.

19. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating table f or supporting the work, a reversing mechanism for con"- trolling the reciprocation of the table, a

a mmemm lever having a portion thereof-lacunae? in .In testimony wherof I have hereunto set -the path of a movable part; ofthe reversing my hand, in the presence of two subscrih- 1 mechanism, means for yieldingly holding iIng witnesses. Y

said lever impositioxreto engage said movable part of the reversing mechanism, and. I e I CHALES a pawl and ratchet mechanism adjustably Witnesses-r connected with said lever and connected FREDK G'BUTTERF,

with the wheel slide for operating it. J. HERBERT JOHNSON.

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