US1115012A - Press. - Google Patents

Description

P. J. PERKINS.

PRESS.

XAPPLIOATION FILED 1.111,4, 1911.

Patented 0013.27, 1914.

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INVENTOR.

BY I 1 @fw #MM/'11,

A TTORNEY.

I'. J. PERKINS.

PRESS.

APPLIUATION FILED JANA, 1911.

1,1 15,012. Patented 0013.27, 1914.

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UQ' 4 BY ATTORNEY.

T. J. PERKINS.

PRESS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED JAN.4. 1911.

1,1 1 5,01 2. Patented 0015.27, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. J. PERKINS.

PRESS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.4,1911.

1,1 15,01 2. Patented 001;. 27, 1914.

6 SHEETS-'SHEET 4.

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P. J. PERKINS.

PRESS.

y APPLICATION YILED JANA, 1911. x 1 1 15 012. 1 Patented 001;.27, 1914. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.-

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ter, which is initially moved by a piston or unirsi) srA'rEs PATENT OFFCE.

' FRANKLIN J. PERKINS, 0F WOBURN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HOLDER'- PERKINS COMPANY, OF WOBUBN, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA,-

CHUSETTS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Appication filed January 4,1911. Serial No. 600,803.

Patented Oct. 27, 1914i.

To all whom 'it may concern `Be it known that I, FRANKLIN J. PERKINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Woburn, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Presses, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to pressesI of that class in which'fluid pressure is em loyed to move one of the platens toward t e other,

and is herein shown as embodied in a press in which the lower laten is supported by apiston or ram of su stantially large diameplunger of smaller diameter.

The present invention has for its object to provide a simple, efficient and quick-acting press 'of the character described, and one in which the pressure upon the work or material may be maintained at any desired point for any desired length of time irrespective of the position of the fluid-operated platen.

The invention has for 'its object to provide a press ofthe character described in which the Huid is circulated in a normally open circuit controlled by a single starting valve, which is manually operated as will be described and has provision for balancing the valve when it is desired t0 open the same, whereby the said valve may be quickly and easily opened by the operator as' will be described. Provision is alsoinade for automatically connecting the cylinder of larger diameter with the fluid supply when the pressure in the cylinder of smaller diameter reaches a predetermined point. Provision is further made for enabling the luid-operated platen to be successively moved into its operative position in a minimum time, as will p be described.

will be pointed out in the claims at the end@` with a pipe 14, which serves as a fluid inlet of this specification.'

Figure l is a front elevation of one form y o'duid o erated press embodying this in;l ign 2, a side elevation looking toward the left in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, a side ele-5 ration looking toward the right in Fig. 1.5 Fig. 3, a detail to be referred to. Fig. 4, a detail in section and elevation on an enlar'ed scale showing the main ram, its coperating vention.

.plunger and the starting valve, to be re- `iferred to. Fig. 5, a detail on an enlarged scale of the automatic valve controlling the connection of the large cylinder with the fluid sup 1y, and Fig. l6, a diagrammatic View to il ustrate the circuit of the fluid'.

Referring to the drawing, a represents the uppeor laten and b the lower platen of a press einV odyii'ig this invention and. especially adapted among other uses for pressing leather and like material.

In the press herein shown, the upper platen a is stationary, it being suitably attached to a cross head or frame c sustained by side columns, posts or rods d, which are lsuitably attached to a supporting base e. The lower platen is fluid-operated and in the present instance it rests upon a piston or ram f (see Fig. 4) of substantially large diameter located in a cylinder g, and has cooperating with it a plunger or auxiliary piston )l of materially smaller diameter, which is located in a cylinder z', which will be hereinafter referred t0 as the small cylinder. The cylinders g, t are supported by a frame 7', which is removably secured to the upper surface of the base e.

The lower laten I) preferably has provision for tilting on tlie ram f so as to adjust itself 'to work of uneven thickness, and as showirin Fig. 4,the platen 6 is provided on its under side with a spherical projection or ball 10, which fits into a curved socket 12 in the upper surface of the ram The smaller piston la, is employed to initially' and a fluidfoutlet for the said cylinder, said pipe being connected with a normally open Huid' circulating system, which com' rises in the present instance, as' shown in ig. 6, a pump 15 of any` suitable construction, a vvsource of fluid supply, such as a tank or reservoir 16, a valve casing 17 connected r'vith-the pump 15 by a pipe 18, and with r and which is shown in Fig. 4

Apendently of will be described. rlhe valve stem 34 abovel the pipe 14 by a pipe 19 and a second valve casing 20, which is connected by a pipe 21 with the inlet pipe 14 for'the small cylinder, and with the supply tank 16 by a pipe 22, and with the inlet pipe 23 for the large cylinder by a pipe 24'containing a-check valve 25 of known construction. The pipe 23 is also connected with the supply tank 16 by a pipe 26 containing a check valve 63 oi known construction, and vthe pipe 26 is connected by the pipe 28 with the valve casing 17 :tor a purpose as will be described.

'llhe valve casing 2O contains a valve, which may be designated the starting valve, as a hollow cylinder 30 having the fixed bottom 31, which forms the valve proper, and a removable head 32 provided with ports 33 extended through it, and having a valve stem 34, which is extended loosely through the head 32 so as to be capable oi? movement indethe valve, for a purpose as and below the head 32 hasx fast on it nutsv 35, 36, which are designed to be brought intov engagement with the headv 32 and eect movement of the valve cylinder 30 in opposite directions. 'llhe valve stem 34 at4 its@ lower end coperates with a port 37 extended through the valve 31 so as to close and openl said port and 'forms an auxiliary valve, for;

a purpose as will be ldescribed. 'llie valve:v stem 34 is operatively connected to a start-'g ing mechanism, herein shown as a lever 38l on a rock shaft 39 located at the iront the machine, (see Fig. 1) and supported in bearings 40 adixed to tli said rock-shaft having a crank 41, which is connected by a link 42 (see Fig. 3) to one arm 43 of an elbow lever,

bracket or guide arm 51 attached to the frame of the machine. As represented in Figs. 1 and 3, the operating lever 38 and the parts connected with it, are inthe position they occupy when the starting valve is When the starting valve' is in its open positiony shown in Fig. 4, the circulating system is open and the fluid .merely circulates therein, Aand at such time, the lower platen b is in its lowered or open osition, and the pistons y, it are in their owered. osition shown in Fig. 4. The course oi t ofa e cross head c,

to the otherv arm 44 oi which the valve stem 34 is con-` e Fluid l Limpia.

under these conditions maybe traced in Fig. 6 as follows: from the supply tank 16 by pipe 52 to pump v15,thence by pipe 18 to valve casing 17, thence by pipes 19, 21, to valve vcasing k20, thence by pipel 22 back to the supply tank 16. 'llhe fluid also fills the inlet pipe 14 for the lower cylinder, but does not move its plunger 71 and it also ills the pipe 24back to the check valve 25, which 1s arranged to open in the direction of the arrow 55.l y Whenthe operating lever 38 is loweredor. moved in the direction of ther arrow 60 in Fig. 3, the valve rod 34 is first moved to close the port 37 and at such time the nut 35 is brought into engagement with the head 32 and the nut 36 is lowered there- `from.. 0n the continued downward movement of the valve stem 34, the valve 31 is moved with it and is seated to close the exhaust port 61 with which the pipe 22 communicates. lThe closing of the valve 31 interrupts the circulation of the fluid and causes the same to flow into the small cylinder t and raise the piston or plunger h therein. The plunger h on its upward movement, lifts the ram or large piston f and moves the lower platen toward the upper platen; rlhe ram on its upward movement acts as the piston of a suction pump for a predetermined portion of its stroke and draws duid from the tank 16 through the pipes 26, 23, into the large cylinder, the check valve 63 in the pipe 26 opening in the direction of the arrow 64, Fig. 6, and the check valve 25 being held closed by the pressure of the Huid in the pipe 24, which is connected with. the pipe 21 through'ports 65 in the cylinder 30 oi the .starting valve 31 (see Fig. 4). 'llhe lower platen b continues to'be raised by the fluid pressure on its piston k, and the large piston or ram f continues to act as a suction pump, until the Huid pressure acting on the small piston h reaches a predetermined point, whereupon said pressure acts on the valve within the casing 17 and automatically opens said valve and connects the large cylinder g with the pressure system, namely, with the pump, whereupon the latter pumps the fluid into the large cylinder and applies the Huid pressure to the large piston or ram f and thereby subjects the work to the desired or required pressure.

lin Fig. 5, l have shown one construction of automatic valve mechanism, which l may prefer, and which consists -of the valve 70 located in a chamber 71 within the casing 17 and coperating with a port or opening 72 in a partition wall 73, which forms a chamber '74 above it. The lower chamber 71 has connected toit the pipes 18, 197 and the upper chamber 74 has the pipe 28 connected to it. The valvel70 isprovided with an enlarged lower por ion 75, which practically.

forms a piston ot larger area than the valve,

iis

so that when the pressure in the chamber 71 reaches a predetermined oint, it will act on said piston and force tile same and its attached valve downward and thereby open the valve and connect the chamber 71 with the chamber 74, which allows the fluid under pressure to be forced through the ipes 28, 26, 23 into the large cylinder g, w erein it ,acts directly on the large piston f therein.

The pressure at which the valve is opened is determined by the tension or strength of a helical spring 80 (see Fig. 2), which encircles the stem 81 of the valve 7 0 below the casing 17 and is supported at its lower end bv a bracket'or arm 83 attached to the base e and bears at its upper end against a nut 84 on the valve stem. The valve stem 81 may also be provided below the bracket or arm 83 with a nut 85, which acts as a sto to prevent injury to the valve 70 when tlie latter is seated by the spring 80. By means of the nut 84, the tension or strength of the spring 80 can be adjusted according to the pres sure at which it 4is desired the valve 70 should be opened. When the fluid pressure is admitted to the large cylinder g, 1t closes the check valve 63 and cuts off the cylinder g from the supply tank 16. The pump then forces the fluid under pressure into both cylinders, and the lowerl platen Z) forces the material or work against the upper platen and subjects the work to the desired pressure, which is made known to the operator by the age 87 connected by the pipe 88 with the arge cylinder g.

When the pressure. in the main or large cylinder g reaches the maximum amount to which the press is adjusted, which is determined by any suitable relief valve 100 in the pipe 18, the work may be immediately 'relieved from said maximum pressure, or it may be allowed to remain under said pressure for any desired length of time. When 1t is desired to immediately relieve the work from the desired pressure, the starting valve is opened wide and to enable the operator to manually open the starting valve from its closed position, in which it omay be held to its seat by a fluid pressure of many tons, as for instance 70 tons, the valve stem 34 is made movable independently of the valve as above described, so that, when the operator turns the operating lever 38 upwardly.

the valve stem 34 will be lifted so as to uncover the port 37 in the valve and allow the fluid pressure to flow into the exhaust pipe1 22 and thereby balance or substantially bal- 1 ance the startingwalve, which can then be easily liftedl from its seat, to connect the cylinders g, z', with the exhaust pipe 22,'wh1ch allows the pistons f, h, to descend by gravity. As the piston f descends, the fluid flows through the pipe 23, check -valve 25 and pipe 24, to' the valve casing 20 and thence to the exhaust pipe 22, and the fluid` in the small cylinder i flows through the pipes 14, 21, to the valve casingy 20 and thence to the exhaust pipe 22.

In many instances, 1t may be desired to keep the work under a given pressure less than the maximum for a substantially long time, and this result may be accomplished with the press herein shown, b. opening the auxiliary valve 34 of the startlng valve less than its full distance and without unseatng the main valve 30, so as to effect a balance between the quantity or amount of fluid supplied to the cylinders and the quantity or amount of fluid which flows through the port 37 in the main valve 30. l To illustrate, let it be supposed that it is desired to subject a pile of skins to a continuous pressure of say fifty tons for a number of hours. In this case, the press is started by closing the starting valve as above described, and when the gage 87 shows that a pressure of fifty tons has been obtained in the cylinder a. the operator raises the lever 38 sons to partially open the auxiliary valve 34, without lifting the valve 30 from its seat, that is, until the valve 34 has been opened a'sufiicient amount to discharge through the port 37 in the main valve 3Q a quantlty'oi` fluid equal to the quantity supplied by the pump, or in other words effect a balance between the fluid supplied and the fluid discharged, whereupon the circulation ofthe fluid in the circuit or system is established and maintained with a ressure of fifty tons on the lower platen. l)`his pressure of fifty tons on the skins/or other material may be maintained indefinitely or as long as the circulation is maintained, and in case the material or work is in such condition that it is gradually compressed, as in the case of moisture being present in the material, the lower platen is moved toward the upper platen by a fluid ,pressure of fty tons, and the displacement of the piston h in its cylinder is compensated for by the increase in volume of the fluid until the moisture has been expressed. The same :principle of effecting a balance between the water supplied to the circulating system and that discharged therefrom can be used to control the up.- Ward travel of the lower platen, so that the latter" can be stopped in any part of its upward travel. This feature is useful in that the lower platen can be stopped in its upward travel so as to adjust the work before the pressure is applied, which saves loss of time in dropping the platen and raising it again. In this case, the amount of pressure kept in the cylinder is equal to the weight of the platemonly.

In order to uicken theA action of the press, the pipe 2 connecting the inlet pipe 14 for the small cylinder with the valve j casing 20, is made of smaller diameter than the inlet pipe 14 to choke vthe flow of fluid operating therewith,

out of the small cylinder, so that whenthe Vsaid cylinder is connected with the exhaust pi e 22 and the circulation again estabis led, a small volume of tluid is allowed to escape to the exhaust, and the circulating system trom the inlet pipe 1li back to the pump is not emptied ea'ch time the starting valve is opened, but is maintained filled or substantially filled with fluid, and as a result when the starting valve is again closed,

the lluid immediately acts on the piston l1.

and the time which would otherwise be requ1red for the pump to ll the system between it and the small cylinder is saved.

This is an important iEeature from a pracoperating with said tiret-mentioned piston,

a cylinder in' which said starting piston is located, a normally open fluid circulating system including asource of Huid supply, a pump, pipe connections between said pump and fluid supply to enable the pump to take fluid therefrom and return it thereto, means for connecting the cylinder of the starting iston with said circulating system, a starting valve controlling the circulation of luid,

a second valve included in said circulating system and automatically operated when the pressure in the starting cylinder reaches a predetermined point to admit fluid pressure into the said main cylinder, means independent of the circulating system for connecting the main cylinder with the source of fluid to draw lluid into the main cylinder, and means to shut od' the main cylinder from said source ot supplywhen llud un.- der pressure is admitted into said main cylinder, substantially as described.

' 2. ln a machine ot the class described, in combination, a movable platen, a platen coa piston to move said movable platen toward its coperating laten` a cylinder`in which said piston is ocated, a normally open fluid circulating system with which said cylinder communicates, means for circulating; duid through Y' said system without effecting movement ot saidpiston, a valve casing included in said a valve in said easing for interruptot fluid in said system pressure to act on said system, ing the circulation and cause theuid i piston, said valve having a port or opening, a valve rod` or stem for said' valve cooperating with said port, and means to operatively connect said valve rod with said valve to move the latter andto permit the valve rod to be moved independently oit l movable platen, 'said piston is located, a starting piston coanimera the valve to open said port and substantially balance said valve, for the ,purpose specified.

3. lin a machine of the class described, in combination, a movable platen, a platen cooperating therewith, a piston to move said movable platen toward its coperating laten, a cylinder in which said piston is ocated, a normally open fluid circulating system with which said cylinder communicates, means for circulating fluid in said system without operating the movable platen, a valve casing in said system on the eX- haust side ot the said cylinder, and a valve in said casing for controlling the flow of tluid from the pressure side to the exhaust side oit said system, said valve comprising a main valve having a'port, and an auxiliary valve coperating with said port, said main valve being constructed to remain Seated ilntil positively lifted by the auxiliary valve, manually operated means for operating said auxiliary valve whereby the said piston may be. relievedfrom pressure substantially in an instant or maybe subjected to a selected pressure less than the maximum capacity of the apparatus :for any desired length of time, substantially as described.

t. ln a machine of the class described, in combination, a movable platen, a platen cooperating therewith, a piston to move said movable platen, a main cylinder-in which said piston is located, a starting piston cooperating With said lirst-mentionedpiston,

'a cylinder 1n which said starting piston is located, a normally open fluid circulating system with which said starting cylinder is connected, means for circulating :duid in said system Without eiecting movement of the starting piston, a valve casing included in said system on the exhaust side'ot said starting cylinder, a valve in said casing to e fluid circulation and cause interrupt th iluid pressure to act on the starting piston,

substantially as described.

5. ln a machine oit the class described, in combination, a movable platen, a platen cooperating therewith, a piston to move said a main cylinder in which operating with said irst-mentioned piston,

a cylinder 1n which said starting piston is located, a normally open fluid circulating.-

system with which ysaid starting cylinder is connected, .means for circulating lluid in said system without eil'ecting movement of the starting piston, a valve casing included `in said system 'on the exhaust side oflsaid starting cylinder, a valve in said casing to interrupt the fluid circulation and cause fluid pressure to act on the starting piston, a valve casing included in said system on the inlet side ot said cylinder, means vfor ,connecting said second casing with the main cylinder, and a valve in said second casing normally 'cutting off the main cylinder from the said casing and automatically opened when the pressure Within its casing reaches a predetermined point, substantially as described.

G. In a machine of the class described, in combination, a movable platen, a platen cooperating therewith, a piston to move said movable platen, a main cylinder in which said piston is located, a starting piston cooperating with said tiret-mentioned piston, a cylinder in which said starting piston is located, a normally open fluid circulating system, a pump in said system for circulating fluid therethrough, means for connecting said systemwith said starting cylinder,

a manually operated valve in said system for controlling the supply of pressure to said strating cylinder, a second valve controlling the supply of iuid pressure from said system to said main cylinder and automatically opened by fluid pressure when the latter reaches a predetermined point in the starting cylinder. 4

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribmg witnesses.

FRANKLIN J. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

J As. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

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