US111174A - Improvement in gas-generators - Google Patents

Description

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Letters Patent No. 111,174, dated January 24, 1871. i

IMPROVEMENT IN4 GAS-GEN'ERATORS'Q',

The Schedule;,referredv toin theseLett-.ers `Patent and pari: of the same. .t

To whom. it may. concern; e

Be it knownthat I, J oHN BUTLER, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, haveV invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Generators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full Aand exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accom.- panying drawing forming a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked-thereon.

My inventionhas for its object to partially convert any of the hydrocarbons into gas-in one retoraand perfect the process in another, so as to perfectly utilize all the material, by which means no loss is sustained.

The nature of my invention relates to making gas in a novel and peculiar manner, by the employment of two retort-s, one being placed above the other. The

`hydrocarbons or materials from which the gas is to xbe made arev introduced into'the upper retort where they are made, and partially made or formed intogas, in which made and half-made statethey descend through a pipe connecting tlletwo retorts into the lower retort, impinging in their descent on the sides ofthishot pipe, and passing to the bottom of the l lower retort, where they are confined between the bottom of the retort and a disk or ange provided for the purpose that extends from the bottom or lower end ofthe pipe above mentioned until they are all converted into fixed gas, which thenpasses on through i the eduction-pipe into .the rec'cier.` It also consists in making the furnace with an outerand inner shell,

one placed within the other, so as to Aform an annular space between the two shells, which is lled with any non-conducting substance so as to retain the heat within the furnace, and so that it will not radiate from the furnace and be lost, thereby eliecting great econ- @my in the use of fuel, and, at the same time, secur ing a'higher heat on the retort. It also consists in providing an inner and outer door iii combination with the furnace.

To enable others 'skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed more particularlyto describe its construction and operation.

Figure l is a longitudinalsectional elevation cf my -retorts and furnace.

Figure 2 -is an side elevation of the retortand furnace, with the uter and inner doors attached to the latter.

Letters of like name and kind indicate like parts in'l each of the figures.

A represents the outer-'and B the inner shell of my improved furnace for generating gas, both of which are made of suitable metal, the shell 'B being made much smaller in diameter than the shell A, so much so as to form or leave an annular space of say four or tive inches between the two shells A and B.

The annular lspace thus formed I fill with ground Y plaster mired with water toa semi-plastic. state, so

that the said space may be perfectly filled, as seenat .0, iig. 1.

It may be observedV that I do not confine myself entirely to plaster as a non-conducting substance, but use any ofthe sui-table or proper non-conducting substances.

D and D' are the doors of the furnace, D being` hinged to the outer shell A and D' to the inria' shell B, thus making the entrance to the furnace completely tight, so as tp 'prevent any cold air from entering the furnace to diminish the heat of the retort.l

E is the damperdoor, located immediately under 'the doors" D Df, for the purpose' of regulating the draught into the furnace.

F is` the grating for theffurnaca'upen which the fuel is placed. g

G is the lower or vfinishing retort, located within the furnace.- rlhe top of,this said retort is closely fitted to the top of tlxelu/rnace by means of groorjed joints, as seen ata,lg. ,which may be made airtight by 4'means of fusible metal. i

Immediately over this retort G is the supplementary retortvH, into which the hydrocarbons or'V other materials to be formed into gas are introduced' by means of the pipe or siphon L. .The two'retorts G and H are connected by a pipe, I, at the lower end of which is a concave disk or, flange, J, extend-ing to within a short distance of the sides and bdttom o f`the retort G.

The hydrocarbons or other materials, having been wholly and partially made or formed into gas in the retort H, descend, inthe form of gas and heavy oils and half-made gas, through the pipe I, into the lower or finishing retortV G, impinging in their descent on 'the hot sides of the pipe I, and being conducted by the same'to the hottest part of the retort G, which is kept at ahigh decomposing heat, Where they are confined,d by means of the disk or flange J, until'converted 'into' fixed gas,'in which foim they ascend to the eductiompipe K, and pass through the'same into a receiver. l

The lower part of the pipe or siphon L, which passes into the retort II and is exposed ,to the heat from the-furnace, is encased in an outer shell filled with non-conducting materials, for the purpose of keeping the said pipe cool, to 'prevent vaporizing and back-pressure of the volatile hydrocarbon as it passes through'the same into the retort H, v

The advantages of my invention are, first, that ra; diation of heat fromv the furnace is prevented by means `of the non-conducting'material filled in between the shells of the furnace, while, at the same timea largesaving of fuel is effected and a very high ,degree'oi heat is attained in the retort; also, that by means of the double doors to the furnace, cold airis pre vented from entering so as to strike on the retort and cool it; and that by the employment of two retorts all the material employed for making gas is utilized, and none of the gas is lost by being carried off with or in the form ot' volatile oils.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. The combination of the retort G with the retort H, located substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The furnace A, with walls constructed of nonheat-conductixng,r materials, and provided with double doors D D', combined and arranged with the retort G suspended from the roof of said furnace and the retort H above the said roof, ass/et forth.

3. vThe furnace, composed of Ytwo shells, the annular space C between the same being lled with nonconducting material, and provided with double doors D D', the latter to prevent cold air from entering the furnace and the former to retain the heat within the furnace, substantially as and 'for the purposes set forth.

4. The pipe L, encased in non-conducting material, to convey any of the volatile hydrocarbons to a gasretort and prevent the vaporizing of such volatile hydrocarbons in their passage to the retort, and so constructed as to prevent any backfpressure and to insure their entrance into the retort in a liquid form. substantially-as shown and described.

JOHN BUTLER.

Witnesses WILLAD L. WARD, Guss. O. WESTERN.

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