US1108709A - Centrifugal governor. - Google Patents

Description

E. G. CROOKS.

GENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1914.

1,1 08,709 Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

WW @MMM MN W I THE NORRIS PETERS COu P'HOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. D. F.

E. G. CROOKS.

OENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION IILBD MAR. 30. 1914.

1, 1 08,709,, Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

3 SHBBTSSHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON, D. C.

E. G. CROOKS.

GENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, 1914.

1,1 08,709. Patented Aug. 25, 1914,

3 8HEETS-SHEET 8.

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MW. fiukWj hw THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTOJ-ITHOI. WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EARL G. CROOKS, OF BUCYRUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO EDWARD VOLL- RATI-I, ONE-FOURTH TO JOHN MARTINITZ, AND ONE-FOURTH T0 F. A. WISE, ALL OF BUCYRUS, OHIO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filerl March 30, 1914. Serial No. 828,341.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914:.

To all whom it may concern: a

Be it known that I, EARL G. Cnooxs, citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Bucyrus, in the county of Crawford and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cen' trifugal Governors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of governors in which centrifugal force developed by the revolution of radially movable bodies and which is, therefore, proportional to the speed of revolution, is utilized for the purpose of regulating apparatus with which it is associated, as for instance controlling the power of a prime mover; and particularly to that class of such governors in which the mass for developing motion is in the form of radially movable balls acting upon levers.

The object of the present invention is to provide a. centrifugal governor of this kind which shall not only be simple and durable inconstruction, but shall attain the desired results more accurately and in a manner that is mechanically more effective.

To these ends, the invention consists primarily in so relating the inertia masses to the levers upon which they act and so disposing the resisting springs relatively to said levers, that whereas the paths of the free ends of the levers start at considerable angles to the axes of distention of the resisting springs, they gradually approach parallelism therewith, so that the resistance to the inertia bodies gradually increases; the angle of centrifugal moment to the path of the levers also gradually increasing so as to gradually reduce ratio of movement of the actuating levers for a given movement of the inertia members. These ends are best attained by providing a rotary governor head with radial guide-ways for the balls, which confine the balls at least in a direction to compel rotation with the head, and to offset the fulcrums of the actuating levers in the direction of the axis of revolution so that the free ends of the levers extend across the ball guides, while the resisting springs connected to said free ends extend on the opposite sides of the balls from the lever fulcrums and have anchorage on the governor shaft that is considerably offset from the levers.

The invention will be fully understood upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is an elevation of one embodiment of the several features of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, shown partly in section; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 4 a top plan view ofthe same; Figs. 5 and 6 are views of the constructions shown in Figs. 1 and 3, respectively, but in positions at right angles thereto.

'Upon'the governor shaft 1 adapted to rotate upon the fixed shaft l is keyed the governor head 2. According to the embodiment shown in Figsl, 2 and 5, the head 52 carries the ball guides 3 adapted to confine the balls 4 in all directions except radially,

while lever brackets 5 projecting down- 1 the arms. 7 being connected with tensionsprings 8 which extend inwardly toward the axis of revolution, but away from the balls and on the opposite sides of the balls from the actuating lever fulcrums, and to a point offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution where the springs are suitably anchored, preferably through means of a rotating anchoring piece 9 supported through anti-friction bearings upon the step 10. The step 10 is keyed to the non-rotating shaft 1 and said shaft is divided from and connectedto the lower shaft 1", through the medium of a screw adjustment 1. A knurled head 11 is provided for rotating the shaft section 1 to raise and lower it and consequently to modify the tension on the springs 8. v

The transmitting ends 12 of the actuating lovers are in the form of inwardly extending arms engaging with the transmitting sleeve 13, to which is yoked in a well known manner, a transmitting lever 14 that ing levers are in the form of inwardly exmay be utilized for moving the part to be regulated by the speed of-the governor;

The embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6 difiers from that already described, only in that the ball guides 3 are constructed to confine the balls only in the direction to enforce revolution; the free arms 7 of the actuating levers being constructed with embracing fingers 7, 7, to prevent displacement of the balls vertically; the fulcrum arms 5 being carried by the ball guides as in the previous instance.

With both of theconstructions shown, the offset of the fulcrums 6 and the projection of the free arms of the actuating levers across the ball guides, together with the described disposition of the tension-springs imposes paths of movement upon the free ends of the actuating levers, which are aproximately transverse to the axes of distention of the resisting springs at the commencement of the balls movements, but gradually approach parallelism with such axes of distention, with consequent increase in the spring resistance, as the balls increase their radial distances and centrifugal ef-.

fort. In this manner, the effect of the revolving mass may be properly graduated and the amplitude of movement to be transmitted to the power controlling element, rendered proportional or in constant ratio to the speed of revolution throughout the governor movement.

According to the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the balls bear against the free arms of the actuating levers with slowly increasing leverage, while in the embodiment shown in Figs. 3, 4: and 6, the balls maintain a constant distance from the lever fulcrums and the ballsconsequently act with decreased effect as the radius of each lever increases its angle to the plane of centrifugal. effect.

I claim 1. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums.

2. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides,'balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, fulcrum-brackets carried by and extending in the direction of the axis of revolution from said ball-guides, actuating levers ex tendin across the ball guides, in positions to receive theradial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums located on said fulcrum-brackets and thereby offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums.

3. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial. ball guides, balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers having transmitting arms extending from their fulcrums toward the axis of revolution, and an axially sliding sleeve being provided to receivesaid transmitting arms.

4. In a centrifugal governor, a governor shaft, a revolving governor head. having substantially radial ball guides. balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive' the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an axially adjustable anchorage member mounted on the governor shaft and axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums.

5. In a centrifugal governor, a governor shaft, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guidesand partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the I point axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums, and having means for axially adjusting it relatively to said shaft for regulating tension of the springs.

6. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, ac tuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums ofi set from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connected with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers being constructed to embrace the balls in the direction to prevent vertical displacement of the balls relative to the levers.

7. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcrums offset from the balls in the direction of the axis of revolution of the governor, and tension-springs connectedwith the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrums; said actuating levers being constructed to embrace the balls in the direction to prevent vertical displacement of the balls relatively to the levers, and said ball guides comprising each a pair of vertical radial walls.

8. In a centrifugal governor, a revolving governor head, having substantially radial ball guides, balls fitted to said guides and partaking of the revolution of said head, actuating levers extending across the ball guides, in positions to receive the radial effort developed by the balls, and having fulcruins offset from the balls in the direction with the free ends of the actuating levers and having an anchorage axially offset in the direction opposite to that of the actuating lever fulcrurns; said actuating levers having non-adjustable transmitting connections with said sleeve and said spring anchorage being adjustable at will.

9. In a centrifugal governor, the combination of a vertical governor shaft, a governor head mounted to revolve upon said shaft and constructed with a pair of opposite radial ball guides, balls movable in said guides, radially to the shaft, fulcrumbrackets carried by and extending downwardly from the ball guides at points radially remote from the axis of revolution of the governor, actuating levers fulcrurned on said brackets having free arms extending therefrom upwardly across the ball-guides in position to receive the radial effort of the balls, and having transmitting arms extending from said fulcrums inward toward the governor shaft, an axially sliding transmitting sleeve receiving said transmitting arms, a pair of springs extending from the free ends of said levers upwardly and inwardly toward the governor shaft, and an anchorage member to which the upper ends of the springs are connected carried by said governor shaft, above the ball guides.

The foregoing specification signed at Bucyrus, Ohio, this 11 day of March, 1914-.

EARL G. CROOKS. In presence of two witnesses EDWARD VOLLRATH, MARY K. Srnnns.

Copies of thin patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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