US1104926A

US1104926A - Apparatus for casting.

Info

Publication number: US1104926A
Application number: US76482513A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clifton D Pettis
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-05-01
Filing date: 1913-05-01
Publication date: 1914-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 1931-07-28

Description

-0. D. PETTIS APPARATUS FOR CASTING. v APPLICATION'FILBD MAY 1, 191a.

:j1,1 4,'92 I Patented July 28, 1914.

lTED STATES PA nia'r w en.

CLIFTON n. PET'IIS, or onxcaeo, tit-L ners.

aPrARA'rUs FOB CASTING.

i t erase.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Juiy 28,1914.

Application filed May 1, 1913. Serial No. 764,825.

cago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois,

have invented certain new and useful linprovemenls in Apparatus for Casting. of which I do declare the .tollowingto be a full and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. I

The present invention has for its object, more particularly. to provide an improved apparatus for the casting of rail *ay brake shoes. although it will be understood that the invention in part at least, is applicable to other uses.

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2

is an inverted plan view of the upper portion oi, the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lower portion of the apparatus. Fi". -1 is a perspective view of the pan-shaped shell or back for reinforcing brake shoes. Fig, 5 is a view in cross-section on line 55 01 Fig.1. Fig. 6 is a view incross-section on line 66 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 illustrating a modification.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention as adapted for the manufacture of brake shoes. the lower portion of my improved apparatus comprises a chambered metal body 10, the interior of which will be filled with tire clay or like refractory material 11 that will not tend to chill the metal cast-therein. In the curved top of the lower portion 10 is formed a long cutaway space 12 corresponding in size and shape to the outline of the body portion of the brake shoe and beneath this cutaway space 12 a cor-responding recess 13 is formed in the upper portion of the refractory material 11. i

The upper part of my improved casting apparatus consists preferably of two

metal sections

15 and 16. Each of these sections is provided adjacent its ends with lugs 18 that will be pivotally connected with corresponding lugs 19 that project laterally from the lower portion of the apparatus. Preferably the. pivotal connections between the lugs 18 ot the

sections

15 and 16 and the lugs 19 is effected by means of pivot-rods 20 that pass through suitable. holes termed in the lugs. Each of the

pivoted sections

15 and 16 is formed upon its under side with a shallow recess 22 corresponding in length to the length of the body of the brake shoe and correspondingin width to one-halt-of the. width of suchshoe, and each of the-

seetipns

15 and 16 is termed centrally with a deeper transverse cavity 23 to receive or form the c n-i'espondim half of the center lug of the shoe, and is formed at its end with. a transverse cavity 2t to receive or form half-of the end lugot' the shoe.- It .will be understood. of course, that the precise shape-0f the

cavities

23 and 24 will depend upon the character and shape of the center and end lugs of the shoe.

In each of the

sections

15 and 16 are formed halves of the pouring holes 26 through which will be poured the metal or other material that is to constitute the body of the shoe. .When the-

sections

15 and 16 are in the closed position shown in Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings these sections will be at a distance above or spaced from the top of the lower portion 10 of the apps ratus, with the cavities of the sections-15 and 16 immediately above the space 12 and cavity 13 of the lower portion 10. As the contact of the abutting; faces of the

sections

15 and 16 arrestsv any further downward movement of the sections, a .simplemeans is thus provided for holding the upper sections when in closed position at-a distance above the lower section of the mold. The

distance between the

sections

15 and 16 whenv in closed position, and the portion 10, will' determine the height or vertical thickness of the brake shoe to be cast; and in order that such dimensions. of the brake shoes may be conveniently varied to meet the requirements of different railroads, I provide for relative adjustment of the sections and lower portion 10. preferably as hereinaftermore fully set torth As shown, the pivot lugs19 are formed in- 111 's are to be formed in zontal alinement, while the holes through the lower portion 10 are arranged at ditferent distances from the bottom of the lower portion 10. Hence, it will be seen that when the bolts 28 are passed through the lowermost holes 32 in the portion 10, said portion 10 will be held closer to the

sections

15 and 16 than when the bolts 28 are in the holes 32 farther from the bottom of the portion 10. Thus, for example, if a comparatively thin brake shoe is to be formed (say'a shoe 1], inches thick), the bolts 28 will be passed through the

end holes

30 and 32, whereas if a very thick brake-shoe (say a shoe 2 inches thick) is to be formed, the bolts 28 will be passed through the

innermost holes

30 and 32. While I have thus provided one officient means for effecting the relative adjustment of the lower and upper portions of the apparatus, it is obvious that such rel ative adjustment can be secured in a great variety of ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

My present invention is more especially "for thus holding the shell designed for the manufacture of that form of reinforced brake shoes (an example of which is shown in application for Letters Patent filed by me in the United States Patent Oflice August 3, 1912, Serial No. 713,177) in which the cast body of the shoe is reinforced upon its back, sides and ends with a pan-shaped shell or backin the casting operation. I

In Fig. 4 of the drawings, I have shown one form of pan-shaped back or shell adapted to beused in the practice of my present invention, and in Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown this back or shell as set in the mold in readiness to receive the material, such as molten metal, of which the body of the shoe is formed. The pan shaped back or shell is shown as provided with holes 41 adapted to come opposite the pouring holes of

sections

15 and 16 and it is also provided, at its center and adjacent its ends, with

openinns

42 and 43" through which the cast metal will flow into

thecavities

23 and 24 of the

sections

15 and 16 to form the center and end lugs, respectively, of the shoe, if these whole or part of the cast metal or other material which forms the body of the shoe. If the center and end lugs are formed entirely of ductile metal or if ductile metal parts are used to reinforce these lugs, such ductile metal pieces will be placed in the

cavities

23 and 24 of the

sections

15 and 16 before the casting operation. In the particular construction shown, the end lugs are formed in part of portions 44 of the pan shaped back or shell. and partly of cast metal or the like which fills the portions 44 and which flows through the openinflfs 13 into the cavities 24 of the

sections

15 and 16. In the construction shown, the

center lug is reinforced by a staple-like piece 1 15 of ductile metal, the ends of which are interlocked with the back of the pan shaped shell. This reinforcing strip. is held in posltion by a core 46 inserted within it and above the back of the rein"orcin;, shell, as shown in Fig. 5.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 6. the end walls of the shell 40 are provided with downwardly projecting tongues 4-7 which are adapted to rest in the bottom of the re cess or cavity 13 in the lower body portion 10. These tongues thus hold the lower edges of the pan or shell at a distance above the bottom of the cavity 13 so that, when the material 15 poured into the shell, it will fill that part of the cavity 13 below the lower edges of the shell 40. While it is not essential, some means is preferably provided 40 in position with its lower edges above the bottom of the cavlty 13, so that the shell or back of the shoe shall terminate at a considerable distance from its wearing face. In the modificat on shown in Fig. 7, the refractory material 11 projects inwardly to a slight extent beyond the edges of the opening 12 in the top of the lower body portion 10, so that a shoulder 48 is formed about the cavitv 13. This shoulder is arranged above the bottom of the cavity and the edges of the pan shaped back or shell. rest thereon during the casting operation. L

Then the pan shaped shell or back 10 is placed in position in readiness for the cast-- mg operation, the drawings, it will be seen that the Side and end walls of the back or shell 40 span the space between the lower section 10 and the

upper sections

15 and 16 of the apparatus, and the shell thus forms, in effect, a part of the mold for the casting, operation. Preferably, the

sections

15 and 16 are quite thick and heavy, so that they will securely hold the back in position. V'Vhen the material, such as molten metal, is poured through the holes in the

sections

15 and 16 and through the back of the shell. it will fill the latter and the cavity 13 of the lower portion 10 and will also fill the center and end

lug cavities

23 and 24 of the

sections

15 and 16, and the body of the shoe will be securely united to the shell in the casting operation. \Vhen metal is used, the shell, in effect, forms an integral part of the body of the shoe and provides, as it were, a tough skin or armour for the back and side walls thereof. The shell is' preferably formed of very thin ductile metal, which, I have found i practice, may be employed without danger of the molten metal burning through the walls thereof. By using such a pan shaped shell in the casting operation, the same set of parts or mold sections may be employed for shoes of different thickness as the side and end walls of the shell will span as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 of the open space between the upper and lower portions of the appaatus and will permit such parts to be separated more or less to enable shoes of diti'erent thicknesses to be cast. The apparatus also obviates the necessity of employing sand molds, and at the same time, obviates the disadvantageous chilling of the body of the shoe occasioned by the use of metal molds. In the construction shown, the face of the shoe is formed by the cavity 13 in the refractory material 11 which, of course, does not act to chill the metal. The shell, as stated, is formed of very thin ductile metal which heats up rapidly when the molten metal is poured into it and, inasmuch as the side walls of the shell are exposed between the lower section 10 and the

upper sections

15 and 16, such side walls will have little or no cooling action upon the body of the shoe. It should be noted, that the shell is securely held in position by the walls of the opening 12 in the lower section 10 and within the cavity 22 of the

upper sections

15 and 16. The shells can be formed inexpensively by stamping operations and can be quickly placed within the apparatus set forth for the casting operation. ,By forming the upper portion of the apparatus of two separate sections, with the pouring openings 26 extending between the meeting faces thereof, the sections can be quickly opened to release the shoe and the gates or portions of cast metal formed within the pouring openings.

It will be understood that the details of construction set forth may be varied without departingfrom the spirit of the invention and that features thereof may be employed without its adoption as an entirety.

The terms upper and lower as herein used are not to be understood as terms of limitation, since the relative position of the mold sections may be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A casting apparatus comprising upper and lower sections provided with means for holding a shell in position between said. sections and constructed to form a space ourside the walls of said shell when the sections are in closed position to expose the shell to the cooling action of the air, one of said sections being provided with a pouring hole whereby metal may be admitted to the in terior of said shell. I

2. A casting apparatus comprising upper and lower sections adapted to hold a shell conforming in outline to the shape of abrake shoe in position between said sections and constructed to form a space outside the walls of said shell when the sections are in closed position to expose the shell to the cooling action of the air, said lower section being provided in its upper partwith a mold cavity corresponding in outline to the face of the brake shoe and adapted to coincide with the walls of said shell, and means independent of the shell for adjustably holding said sections at different distances apart.

A casting apparatus comprising a lower port-ion provided in its upper part with a mold cavity, and an upper portion formed of movable sections, said upper sections when in closed position being held at a distance above the cavity of the lower sec: tion to form a wide space above said cavity.

4-. A casting apparatus comprising a lower portion provided in its upper part with a mold cavity and an upper portion formed of sections pivotally connected with the lower portion, said upper sections being formed with downwardly-facing cavities and being held when in closed position at a distance above said lower portion to form a space around the casting made by the mold.

5. A. casting apparatus comprising upper and lower portions provided with means for holding a shell in position between them' and constructed to form a space outside the walls of said shell when the portions are in closed position to expose the shell to the cooling action of the air, one of said portious being chambered and having a filling of refractory material provided in its upper face with a mold cavity to come opposite said shell.

(3. A casting apparatus comprising upper and lower portions provided with means for holding a shell conforming in outline to a brake shoe' in position between them and constructed to form a space outside the walls of said shell when the portions are in closed position to expose the shell to the cooling action of the air, said upper portion being formed of sections pivotally and adjustably connected to the lower portion whereby the space outside thewalls of said shell may be varied when said upper portions are in closed position.

7. A casting, apparatus for forming brake shoes comprising a chambered lower portion having a top provided with a recess in its upper part, a'filling of refractory material within said lower portion provided with a cavity corresponding with and immediately beneath said recess in said top, and an upper portion to hold a pan or shell, said upper portion being provided with a longitudinal cavity above the recess of said lower portion and with cavities or spaces for the center and end lugs of the shoe.

8. A casting apparatus comprising a lower portion provided in its upper "part with a mold cavity,'lugs projecting laterally from said lower portioman upper portion formed with sections provided with laterally projecting lugs pivotally connected 7 to the side lugs of the lower portion, and lower portion, and an upper portion formed means for vertically adjusting said lower of sections provided with laterally projectlugs upon said lower portion. 111g lugs pivoted to the said first mentioned 9. A casting apparatus comprising a lugs. lower portion, bars extending along the CLIFTON D. PETTIS.

sides of said lower portion and provided \Vitnesses: with pivot lugs projecting laterally there- HARRY L. CLALP,

from, said bars being adjustable upon said J. G. ANDERSON.