US1103353A - Electric heater. - Google Patents

Electric heater. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1103353A
US1103353A US1913759803A US1103353A US 1103353 A US1103353 A US 1103353A US 1913759803 A US1913759803 A US 1913759803A US 1103353 A US1103353 A US 1103353A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electric heater
glaze
metallic
heater
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
Inventor
Georg Egly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Gebrueder Siemens and Co
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to US1913759803 priority Critical patent/US1103353A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1103353A publication Critical patent/US1103353A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electric heaters composed of non-metallic reslstance materials.
  • Heaters consisting of non-metallic resistance materials, 6. g. silit, are preferably made more conductive, at the places to which the current is supplied, and at the places adjacent thereto, by means of a metallic or by impregnation with metals. Coatings of silver are principally employed for thepurpose.
  • the heaters are usually porous and the metal penetrates more or less deeply into them. I
  • the coatings not only cause better contact but, owing to their greater conductivity, lessen the glow in the vicinity of the contact-pieces and protect the latter from being burnt. It has however been found that such metallic coatings melt when the temperature ishigh, and that they gradually recede toward the contact-pieces, toward which the glow therefore continually advances.
  • a primary object of my invention is-to obviate this defect.
  • 1 coat that part of the heater which is coated or impregnated with a metal with a glaze such as boracic acid, borates or the like.
  • a glaze such as boracic acid, borates or the like.
  • the effect of this glaze is surprising; the metal entirely ceases to recede, the glow no longer advances along the heater, and the heater remains practically unchanged although its temperature may be considerably above that of th melting point of the metallic coating. It is difficult to assign a reason for the action of the glaze. It is possible Specification of Letters IPatent.
  • the glaze in some way directly either prevents the molten metal fromshrinking together, or prevents it from exuding from the pores of the heater.
  • the heaters are as a rule porous, and when treated with the metal, the 'latter penetrates more or less deeply into the interiortflt' the same. When .the glaze is lacking, the metal seems to ex- 1.
  • An electric heater composed of a nonmetallic, highly refractory resistance material provided in the vicinity of the places at which current is supplied with a metallic coating and with a glaze on the metallic coating, for the purpose specified.
  • An electric heater composed of a nonmetallic, highly refractory resistance mate rial providedin the vicinity of the places at which current is supplied with a metallic coating glazed with .a compound of boron,

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Description

coating UNIKTED STATES PATENT @lfilllllGE GEORG EGLY, 0F TREPTOW, GERMANY, ASSIG-NQR T0 GEBRUEDER SIEMENS & C0., 0F BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORA'EIUN 01E GERMANY- ELECTRIC HEATER.
mosses. No Drawing.
To (115 whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Guess EeLY, a c1t1- zen of the German Empire, and residing at 'lreptow near Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, of which thefollowing isa specification.
My invention. relates to electric heaters composed of non-metallic reslstance materials. Heaters consisting of non-metallic resistance materials, 6. g. silit, are preferably made more conductive, at the places to which the current is supplied, and at the places adjacent thereto, by means of a metallic or by impregnation with metals. Coatings of silver are principally employed for thepurpose. The heaters are usually porous and the metal penetrates more or less deeply into them. I The coatings not only cause better contact but, owing to their greater conductivity, lessen the glow in the vicinity of the contact-pieces and protect the latter from being burnt. It has however been found that such metallic coatings melt when the temperature ishigh, and that they gradually recede toward the contact-pieces, toward which the glow therefore continually advances.
A primary object of my invention is-to obviate this defect. To this end, 1 coat that part of the heater which is coated or impregnated with a metal with a glaze such as boracic acid, borates or the like. The effect of this glaze is surprising; the metal entirely ceases to recede, the glow no longer advances along the heater, and the heater remains practically unchanged although its temperature may be considerably above that of th melting point of the metallic coating. It is difficult to assign a reason for the action of the glaze. It is possible Specification of Letters IPatent.
Application filed April 8, 1913. Serial Ito. 759,803.
lPatented'July ML, 1914..
that changes in the conduction and radiation of the heat play some part. Perhaps the glaze in some way directly either prevents the molten metal fromshrinking together, or prevents it from exuding from the pores of the heater. The heaters are as a rule porous, and when treated with the metal, the 'latter penetrates more or less deeply into the interiortflt' the same. When .the glaze is lacking, the metal seems to ex- 1. An electric heater composed of a nonmetallic, highly refractory resistance material provided in the vicinity of the places at which current is supplied with a metallic coating and with a glaze on the metallic coating, for the purpose specified.
2. An electric heater composed of a nonmetallic, highly refractory resistance mate rial providedin the vicinity of the places at which current is supplied with a metallic coating glazed with .a compound of boron,
for the purpose specified.
In testimony whereof, have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses.
Geese EGLY.
Witnesses:
. HENRY HASPER,
VVOLDEMAR HAUJPT.
US1913759803 1913-04-08 1913-04-08 Electric heater. Expired - Lifetime US1103353A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1913759803 US1103353A (en) 1913-04-08 1913-04-08 Electric heater.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1913759803 US1103353A (en) 1913-04-08 1913-04-08 Electric heater.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1103353A true US1103353A (en) 1914-07-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US1913759803 Expired - Lifetime US1103353A (en) 1913-04-08 1913-04-08 Electric heater.

Country Status (1)

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