US1099682A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

F.. HU-WRmH-T.

I PURNACE. PPLIOAMON FLEB 'JUNE 1o, 1913.

Patented June 19,1914;

''. H. WRIGHT..

FURNAGB ,Y LEHMANN-Hup um; 1o., 191s.

` Patented 51mg 1914:.`

4 angina-SHEEP: 2.

WM er o i Y ATTORNEYS F. H. WRIGHT.

PURNAGE. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 1U,

1913. Patentedv June 9,- 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET S ffy- Pasentmi June 9, 1914.

MEETS-SHEET 4.

FURNAGB..

APPLICATION EILBD JUNE 10I 1913.

E. H. WRIGHT.

Y regatas. l 'y fcertain new' and useful NITE nanna n. WRIGHT, or cnnfr'ranooea, TENNEssnir..

runnacn.

To all whom t may conce-riz.

Be .it known that l, FRANK HOWARD ll/*ninna a citizen of theUnited States, and

fa resident of Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton andState of Tennessee, have made improvements 1 n Furnaces, of which thev following is a speer I `My inventionrelates to furnaces for general'use, and more especially to coal burning vfurnaces in which the grate bars are Aapt tbecome very hot, and in which, as a conse quence, it is desirable to cool the grate bars bypassing. air through them, and 'cause the air thus heated to the fuel. n .My invention further relates to Ine-ans for assist the combustion of handling the fuel during its passage through the furnace, and for equally distributing` the air supplied into and `through the fuel.

My invention further relates to mechanicalv 'means' of diherent kinds employed for `the purpose of impro-ving the general eiiiciency of furnaces of this character. n v

Reference'is lmade to the accompanying vdrawirtgs formingv a part of this specification, and in which like letters indicate parts. v u l Figure 1 isa fragmentary sectlon taken like vupon a vertical plane extending in the generaldirection ofthe length of the furnace and substantially centrally of saidfurnace.

f Fig. 2 is a cross section on'the line 2-2 of Vlig. l, looking' in the direction of the ar-4 row. Fig. 3 is a detail showing in cross section. some of the grate hars employed, and also showing howV the grate hars are supported. Fig. 4.- is a` fragmentary section similar to aportion of Fig'. 8, but enlarged relatively thereto, and showing a hall hear ing used for supporting some of the grate hars. Fig. -5 is an end vView' of the furnace showing the same partly in'elevation and partly in section on the line mt'ivof Fin'. 1, loolring in the direction of the arrow. Fig. (i isa fragmentary section onl the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 7 is a detail sliowing 1g partly in perspective and partly in section a 'group 'sides toward the center.

of grate hars. Fig. 8 is a cross sect-ion showing a form of'my furnace in which the fuel is'fed ohliquely downward from opposite l Fig. 9 is a View partly -in section and partly in elevation showing another arrangement of the grate hars. Fig. 10 isa detail showing; in elevap Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led .T une 16, 1913. Serial No. 772,788.

Patented June o, 1914..

l tion one device for supplying hot air to the hottest portion of the furnace. Fig. 11 is another form having .provision for mechanically a'ctuating the dumping grate,v and also for adjustingl said dumping grate at will. F 1g. 12 1s a View similar to Fig. 11 and showing still another form in which ordinary flat grate bars are used, together with mechanical means forvactuating the dumping` grate and mechanism under control of the I operatorA for adjusting the dumping grate. I

An arch 10 made of iireproof material .is provided with a conca.ve surface 11,' and helow this arch isa 'distributing nozzle 12 which has, in this instance, the form of a iish tailxhurner and is 1n communication with an air passage 13, the latter extending through the wall 14 of the furnace to a pip(` .13s, as shown more particularly in Fig. 3.

" il fuel hopper is shown at 15 and is sup- Vertically, and an end wall 17.

.A horizontally disposed plate 18 is connected with the end wall 17 andv with the side walls. 'Resting partially upon this plate and engaging the end walls 17' is a plate 19 made offire proof material and sloping. obli-qucly downward from 4the feed hopper. A floor 20 is provided for the feed hopper. Sli'dably resting upon thisV floor is a feeding head 21 which extends crosswise of the furnace. J Pivot-ally 'connected to this feeding head 21 are two pitmen 9.2, located upon opposite sides ofthe furnace. As the mecha nisin upon each side of the furnace is substantially adupli'cate of the mechanism upon the other sideil will only describe the mechanism 'of one side. This is shown more particularly in Fig. 1.

lPi-votally connected with a pitman 22 is a lever 23 provided with holes 24. This le-.

vported by aid of angle posts 16 extending brace 2.6 extends from the Vouter portion of .l

the plate 2O `to the end wall 17. A`pitnian 27 is pivotally connected with the lever Q3 .by aid of'some one of the holes 24. By mov ing the pitinan 27 to different holes 2li, the degree of swinging or angular movement of the lever 23 may be adjusted within certain limits, at the will of the operator.

The pitlnan 2? is 'connected at one of `its ends with an eccentric4 28, the latter being carriedupon a revol'uhle shaft Q9. Another pitman similarly connected vvvith another eccentric 30a (see Fig. 5) is vpivotally connected with a lever 31, provided with holes '32 and journaled upon a bracket 33 and thus adapted to swing.`

A pitman 34 is pivotally connected .with

the lever 31, and 'by aid of the holes ,32 may -be adjusted to different positionsso that the pitman 34 receives di'crent degrees of longitudinal movement as the shaftv QQis turned'. rIvhe end Wall 17 is provided 'with a slot" 35 through which the` pitman 34' extends.

Al number b of stationary grate bars are shown at 36 and are spaced apart and located parallel with each other, as may be understood from-Fig. 1. Each grate bar 36 is flat upon its upper surface and is provided with eaves or overhanging edges 37, each of these A ,being provided With openings 37a of substantially semicircular'form, vas may be understood from Figsij, 6 and 7.' Each grate bar is further provided with a body portion 38 having a substantially U.shapedv cross section. This 'body portion rests upon semiy circular lugs 39,'ivhich arelocated upon two stationary slde bars, one of which 1s shown at l10. --Extending downwardly from each of' 'the hollow body portions38- of the Stationary,

' overhanging edgev portions .45, the latterrbeing provided uf'ithsubstantially semi-cylindricalcpenings or notches 46.-

A number of conical necks 117 are mounted upon the side bars 40 and arranged lin pairs, as, Will .beunderstood from Fig. Q. EachI pair of conical necks 47 is heldin position by bolts 48,-these bolts serving as pivot pins. Journaled upon the pivot pins are levers 49,

these .levers being Apivotallyconnected at their bottoms to two connecting. rods' 50, which vextend substantially parallelwith the 1 loosely into one of these sockets.l

side Walls ofthe furnace and are inclined, as indicated in Fig. 1. Each grate bar 43 is provided ateach of its ends with a socketl, the Y form of which may be readily understood from Fig. 4, and each lever 49 extends ,Each grate .bar 43 is furtherprovided with a groove 51, and fittinginto this groovev is a ball 52. Each' side bar 4,0 isfurther provided With a series of lugs 53, 'each` of these lugs being provided With a groove 54 into Awhich the ball 52 is tted. When the parts are in position, each grate bar 43 restspartly t upon a ball 52 and partly -upo-n theadjacent stationary grate bar 36, which, as above explained, is flat uponits top. With the parts municating With this passage.

thus arranged, when swinging motion isv given to the several levers 49, the grate bars 43 are each slid laterally With relatiento v its general length.

Extending. practicallyj zzr'foss/the interior of the furnace are three grate bars 55, each having. inrcrosssecti'on a substantially arcuate form, eachA of' these grate bars being journaledat its ends by aid of pivots 56 upon the side bars L10, and thus adaptedto rock.

Connected Arigidly with each gr'a'te bar 55 1s an arm 57, these 'arms attheirjlower ends vbeing pivotally connected to a `bar58. This bar is provided with two slots' 59, BO.' Slidably ylocated Within theslot 59 is arpin 61.

This pin is mounted'upon thev endfof a composite rod GQ, the rcd 'being provided with a turn buckle 63 .ivhereby'its length may beadjuste'd Withinreasonable limits. 'A pin- 64 extends through the slot GOj-and-is carried by a shaker rodA G5 which ifsof considerable len'gthand extends outwardly through a. slot 35. Whenmotion is communicated to the connecting rod50 andtransmitted through the composite rod (i2-to the bar 528, a' rocking motion is communicated tothe grate bars 55.3 This rocking motion thus communicated to the'gr-ate bars 55 is positive, as `the bar 58 is heavy enough to keep the rods 62 in tension, and the pin 61 can'move Within thev slot 59.', 1f.thereforc, the shaker rod G5 be grasped at its outerl end,'that.is, the left end v .according to Fig. '1, and'pulled and pushed in the general direction of its length, the

grate bars 55 may be rocked independently of Whether the connectingfrods 50 are in -motion or not. By 'simply pulling upon the shaker rod-65 While thecOnneCting rods 50 are stationary, the grate bars 55may be tilted. This isfor the purpose of discharging ashes and einde-rs into the bottom of the furnace. The bridge Wallof the; furnace [is shown at 66 and carries ladistributing head 67ma de off-fire clay or other'. appropriate fre proof material: vThis.distributing head is provided with aglon'gitudinal passage G25,

and tvith a number ofv jetnopeni'ngs 69 coniv .A header is shown at 70v (see Fig. 5) and iszconnected'by pipef sections 3611 withv the adjacent endsiof the hollow gratefbars 36.

Extendingupfwardlyfrom the'header 70 isr a pipe 13a which communicates with the passageA 13. This pipe 13A is provided With a valve. 71 for controlling the ioivof hot air into tl`1..furnace.. y

Each'grate bar 3,6 carries *a number of nozzles'39,v each communicating with the hollow body portion of the grate bar and extending backwydly and upwardly therefrom, so .as to discharge hot air betweenl each .movable grate bar 45 and the adjacent'stationary grate bar 36 next in order belowyit and to its rightA according to Fig. 3.

The body portion 38 of eachhollovv grate f f a bar is provided with a number ofA small air holes 72 (see Fig. 7 yfor discharging air. Each hollow grate bar 36 is providedvvith grooves 73 extending across'its top, each groove having a su stantially- 'semi-cylin- "drical form. Each grate bar is similarly provided upon its top with grooves 711 extending directly across it. The grooves 73, 74', are for the Vpur ose of admitting air beneath the 4surface'o the fuel as the fuel travels obliquely downwardly through the furnace.' i

i Each hollenr grate bar is providedwith a nozzle {11'1`of the form shown in Fig. 6, for the purpose of discharging air below the grate bar; The air thusr discharged tends to keep the bottom of the furnace Warmer' than Would otherwise be the case, and mingling with air discharged from the hole 72,

'passes'irto the grooves 73, 74, and is thus brought under and into contact with the moving fuel.v

Communicating with the header is a pipe 7,6 which leads to the distributing head '67 arid communicates directly. with the passage 68 thereof." This. -pipe is provided with a valve 76. Het air is thus supplied from`the header 7 0 to the nozzle 12 and distributing head ,67. The header 67 can be used with or Without the pipe 76. 'When used Witheut .this pipe the opening 68 will Qentend lthrough the wall, into the open air. Communicating' with the pipes 13 and 76 is a pipe 71a, having in this instance a Y-form,'through Ywhich the hot air may be discharged directly into the chimney, or into the open air. By adjusting the valves 71, 7 6, any desired proportion of the hot air arriving through the header may be discharged into the furnace, the residue pass ing ed through the Y-pipe 71a.

in some instances I may employ the con- ,struction shown in Fig. 10.

Thedistributing head 12EL is given the general form of an arch'and is incorporated Within the arch 10, as shown in Fig. 1. The distributing head 12a is provided With a pas sage 13 and with jet holeslfl. No matter 'Whether the nozzle 12 be employed alone or connection With the distributing head V67, or Whether the distributiiig head 12a be employed alone or in connection with the nozzle 12 and distributing head 67, hot air with hollow bodyY portions 91.

is in either case supplied to'the furnace at g theliottest portionthereof, that is comparatively near the bridge Wall.

' I ln the form'of my furnace shown in Fig. l

. pivotallv ,connected with another link 101 by the connecting rod 97.

With the exceptions noted. the construction l inFig. 48 is similar to that appearing-'in the other f figures.

1n some instances l may employ a con struction of the kind shown in Fig. 9. Here loW body .portion 81, and between these grate bars are other grate bars S3. crank shaft- 83 carries a crank S3", the latter being` journaled to the web 82 of the grate bar 83. The crank shaft is journaled Iin a bearing 83. By turning the shaft 83;L a rocking motion-is conferred upon the grate bar 83. In order to admit suiiicient air into the furnace to -keep up the supply passing through the notches 16 and also between the bars of the dumping grate, I use a door of suflicient size for this purpose, the door being located at the front of the furnace.

In Fig. 11 l shouT a form of my furnace in which the dumping grate is actuated mechanically and is also adjustable at the will of the operator. ln this form ofmy furnace provision is also made for aspirating' the air by aid of steam which, becoming dissociated bythe heat, supplies hydrogen to the flames. The parts 10, 11, 12, 39, and 410, are similar to the parts above 'described and bearing these numerals. A Wall of the furnace is shown at 84 and supports a header 85 provided With air holes 86. Located in one end of the header is a spider 87 connnunicating with the open air. il. steanrjet 85 is supported centrally within this spider. When steam is admitted through the steam jet, it aspirates the. adjacent air and carries it through the spider into the header, this air admixed with the steam thence passing through the openings 86.

Angle loars 89 carried by the Wall Sai support the header A. number of grate bars 90 for the most part similar to the grate bars 3G above described. are severally provided The top surfaces of these grate bars are provided with raised portions 92 spaced apart. and raised upon these various portions are grate bars 93 aii'ranged as shown. The bars 9() are stationary and the barsh are movable. The grate bars 93 are inovided with downwardly extending Webs 95 and are connected to rocking levers 96. the latter being pivoted to two connecting rods disposed upon opposite. sides of the furnaregone of them heilig shown at 97. these connecting' rods being duplicates of each other.

dumpingl grate is shown at 98 and is mounted to rock upon pivot pins 99. Pivotally connected with the dumping grate as shown in Fig. 11 a link 1.00. This link is a pin 102. Connected with this pin is a pitf man 103 which is pivotallv connected with Below the dumping grate is a frame 104. and slidably mounted in this frame is a toothed rack 105. The frame .is provided with cross bars 10G serving the purpose of limiting stops. A worm wheel mesheswith a""wormf ll08-. vThe alsomeshes withvthe/-jtoothed rack 105.- Exe .tending through'ly the worm 108 'and-"rigid relatively to the same-s a-'shaft 109 carryingvr at its outer end, ahandwheel 110.4 By turning the' hand. wheel. and vthus rotatingithe shaft, the v'raclrllmay be moved backward 'or forward relatively to the frame 104, .the

*relative angularpositions ofthelinks 100,4 1,01 bei-nlp;- thus shifted accordingly..A If de-Y si'red, any equivalent-may bexemployed for turning the' pinion 107 lat' the will ofthe op- 1 erator.

lVhen power; applied toi-the connecting' rjod 97, the'grate bars 93-are`actuated rela- A tively tothe stationary grate bars 90 and,at

#in Fig. 1a i y the same timethe dumping grate y,is rocked. y Theadjustment of the dumping grate is thus inde'pendent" ofthe mot-ionv of the grate bars 94,

i nism lappearing" in Fig". l1, but'instead yof i lthrough the holes 86 is heated to a high ytem-'- 40.

using grate bars of thetypeshown at 90 in Fig. 1'1, l employ ordinary 'flat grate bars 111, Fig. 12,' whifc-h'may, if desired, be pro-y e vided with the raised portion-113. The movi .able-grate bars are shown at 112 and may beA similarly provided with raised portionsllil. With this construction l employ an air inlet pipe 115,- and render the lower portieri of the furnace las nearly as' practicable, air tight'.

. ln' this way the air .discharged into the furvvnace through the inlet pipe 115 passes v up-` wardly between the gratev bars and also through thef dumping grate .aswell asl between thedumpinggrate andtlieheader 85. The mixture of steam and air passing peinture by exposure to furnace heat before leaving the header S5 and is thrown directly into the flames. andai; subst'antially the hot-l testpart ofthe furnace. I A t `The operation of mydevice 1s as-follows:

Coal or other appropriate fuel being sup-A lplied within the hopper'l and the part-s be- Y ing arranged as abo-ve described, power' is applied to the shaft 29. Owing to the actionl ofthe eccentrics. upon t-hisshaft, the levers and Bl'are caused to swing. |The feeder head Q1 therefore movesv in and out and in so doing causes the coal to be fed from the hopper downin'to-the furnace. yThe connecting rods being moved by'aid ofthe pitman 34, the grate bars 43 are severally g caused to reciprocate, each having a lateral sliding mofement relatively, tothe' adjacent stationary grate bar 36 at its right, accorde ing to Fig. 1. By vi'rtuevof'the rollingT ball 52. the'grate bars 43 are maintained level,

' and in beinglmoved are likely to develop but little friction. Air being vsuppliedY `,under pressure into thetrunlr 42, passes upwardly through the sections 41 and 'into the'hollow bodyxportions' SS'of the grate bars'. These i f, l1,699,682

gratebars .are thus cooled and at thesame .time the v air sedin Acooling 'them becomes hot. This air'pas'sing outwardly-through the v :pipes 36 at the ends. of the hollow grate bars,

'ente'rs'tlie header,'ZOfand passing upwardly therefrom is discharged' 'into' thei furnace`v 'A through thenozzlelf?, and/the distributing head 67, or through 'the'distributing vhead 12a, as the casemayi be. A portion'of the hot airW-ithinA the 'trunk @4,2 passes downward-lyv through the member 4l?, as Will be understood from Fig.v 6, and other portions of the air'pass'outwardly'through the holes1v 72, as above de'scribed."-The air thus dischargedl below the bars finds its way up# wardly into contact with the fuel, as above described, passing throughv the` semi-cylin y `drical openings 374,;46, and through the *A 4grooves 7 3,74. The .fuel is' .thus effectively burned'by being brouggght into minute contact with heated-to a high temperature. Such smoke and combustible gases as. may. Aotherwise 'n otjbevccnsumed are almost inevitably consumed when they reach the hottest portionofthe furnace, that is, the por-- tion where the nozzlev 12and the distributfv ing head 467 or the distributing head 122i, as:

the case maybe, are located. Upon reach-ing thispart of the furnace the smoke and gases mingled with, hotair'discharged into the fun nace, and as lthis the point of highest temperature, thecombustion is rendered camparati'vely thorough..l The .longitudinal i `movement of the ccnnectingrods 50 by mov-- ing the grate bars 43 slowly back andvforth in horizontal planes, causes the fuel to be gradually fed downward and so handledas ittravels that each particle of it is, so far as practicable, brought into direct contacte-with the heated air which works up aroundv the grate bars as above described.v

With the apparatus above;

described, the

fuel fis so distributed and sol --moved and otherwise handled as to successfully bring it into contact'` with heatedair, freshly. sup' 4plied to ,it from the time it leaves the hop- .peruntil it reaches the dumping or shaking gr'ate'bars :i6-where the clinkers and ashes are ejected. By, the time the fuel rea-ches 'the gra-te bar nearest the hopper, itfbecomes' co-lledand as it passes along` from one grate bar to another by movements of the movable ilo" iis

grate bars relatively to theA stationary bars' Y dition to that required for Vmaintaining the ,Y

customary air draft employed in onnectionwith such fuel. ln instances of this kind the additional air supplied as above described passes upwardlybetwcen the adjacent edges of the grate bars and travels through the grooves 73, 74, so as to reach the underside of the movingl fuel. Any com,u bustible gases formed from the coal or other fuel employed upon striking the concave face 11 of the arch l0, or coming into close proximity to the same, are effectually burned.

l do not limit myself to the precise arrangement shown as variations may be made without departing from the spirit of my in` vention, the scope of which is commensurate with my claims.

l. Ina furnace, the combination of a plu rality of grate bars, a dumping-grate mow able relatively to said grate bars, a link piv- 'otally connected tosaid 'dumping grate, an-

other linlrpivotally7 connected to said first mentmned linkr` a connecting rod and a p1tman pivotally connected with said connectingrod and with said links for moving said links in order to rock said dumping grate, a rack bar connected with one of saidlinks, a pinion engaging said rack bar, and means controllable at the will of the operator for turning said pinion in Order to shift the general angular position of said dumping grate.

2. In a furnace, a pluralityv of stationary hollow grate bars, each of said grate bars having an upper flat surface, movable grate bars disposed between adjacent stationary grate bars, both the movable and the stationary grate bars having downwardly eX tending flanges, the flanges on one of said grate bars engaging the upper surface of the j adjacent grate bar, the engaging flanges b eing provided with openings, and means carried by each ofsaid hollow grate bars for supplying air to the openings in said sta` tionary grate bars.

3. -In a furnace, a plurality of stationary hollow grate bars, each of said grate bars' having an upper flat surface, movable grate bars disposed between adjacent stationary grate bars, both the movable and the sta-` supplying air to the openings in said stationary grate bars, said last named means comprising a series of tubes carried by said stationary grate bars and Yarranged to extend underneath -tlic top of the adjacent stationary grate bar, said tubes being bent to deliver ,air toward the openings in the flange of said stationary grate bar.'

4. In a furnace, a plurality of stationary hollow grate bars, each of sai grate bars having an upper `flat surface, movable grate bars disposed between adjacent stationary grate bars, both the movable and the stationary grate bars having downwardly eX# tending flanges, the flanges on one of said grate bars engaging the upper surface of the adjacent grate bar, the engaging flanges being provided with openings, and means carried by each of said hollow grate bars for supplying air to the openings in said stationary grate bars, said last named means comprising a series of tubes carried by said stationary grat-e bars and arranged to extend underneath the top of the adjacent sta-v tionary grate bar, said tubes being bent to deliver air toward the openings in the flange of said stationary grate bar, the upper part of each. of said stationary grate bars having grooves arranged to register with the openings in the engaging flanges of the adjacent movable grate bars.

, A FRANK H. WRIGHT. `Witnesses i H. H. GRAGER,

M. E. DEMENT.

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