US1099270A - Type-writing machine. - Google Patents

Description

B. C. STICKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE,

B. C. STIGKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

wirf/fm.;

- l /M/fA/Tok Patented June 9,1914.

B. C. STIGKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1e, 1905.

Patented June 9, 1914.

4 sHBBTssHEET s.

v QS I Q fill B. G. STIGKNEY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, 1905.'

Patented June 9,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET4.l

INVENTOR:

'tijNrrnD strATns Parar erento@ vBIJR1\ fJEltA 1s/I C. STICKNEY,0F ELIZABETH, NEW' JERSEY, AssIGNoR To UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITEB, COMPANY, oF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or DELAWARE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters liatent.

Patented June t, n

To all whom it may cozwcrn.:

Be it known that I, BU1 NHAM C. ,STICK-v barsis usually less than the width of 'theley' board. Moreover, the type b ars areactuated 1n .a forward and backward direction, while `the keys move up andI down.; and 1t 1s one of theobjects offmy. yinvention to rprovide a simple and inexpensivev mechanism, which is also easily made and assembled, compact, and accessible, for transmitting the ldownward movements of the ,keys into the forward and backward A movements v'of lthe type bars.

The `type bars in Itypewriting machines are usually so heavy that much force xis required to put them Ainto quick motion, whereby a shock is given to the fingers upon their Contact with the keys.

One of the objects of luy-invention is to overcome this ditcultvand to cushion the" key stroke, 'so that the touilrupon lthe keys' shall be agreeable to ,the operator, while the type bars may be` otsufficient weight and give quick and effective blows.

`Afnother object of lmy invention is to enable the types,.in a front-strike case-shift machine, to lie closely togetherin the type basket` so` thatl'he are of the type bar segment shall be short, thereby avoidingthe necessity of 'having the types lie across vthe type bars at unduly great angles, and also gaining other advantages.

Other objects and advantages will hereinvafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, :Figure l a. sectional side elevationillustrating the type actionfot' a tvpewriting machine enlbodying my improvements. Fig. 2 isa sectional .frontelevation of the machine, taken in rear of the key board. Fig. Sis' a plan of the type action. Fig. 4 shows in diagram -casetype 3, and an upper-case type 4f, both .on one block as shown. `These type bars have at their hub ends holes-5, whereby they are` hung upon pivots '6; there .being an individual pivot for each type bar. baill pivots are formed or provided upon individual hangers T, having feet S to engage Itransverse grooves 9 formed in the top concave surface of a segment l0, which may be tilxedpr supported in the machine in any suitable manner. On the under side of said segments are inserted screws 1l, which exe tend up, t irongh the segment, each engaging a hanger 7, to hold the lsame firmly upon the segment. The latter may beprovidedvwith a' longitudinal groove 1 2 between the frontand back edges, with which may engage provjections. 13 vformed upon .the hangers to pre-l vent forward or backward movement of the latter;, the screws 11 being midway between the feet 8, to p ull thehangers-down evenly upon its supports. At 8, the segment is shown without the groove 1Q. t

ilnfront view, it will be seen that the hangers 7 are wedge-shaped, and that the recess or space 14 between adjoining hangers is just sutlicientv to accommodate a type bar 2, so that adjoining hangers constitute side guides for each type bar. These guides pref- Lerabl'y,extend fromthe type bar pivots about onethird ofthe distance toward the printing point, as ati and consttutelprintin'g guides for the types, so as to dispense with the luse of lie usual cente1-guide at the printing point. ,Guide slots-for type bars are` usually formed in a segment consisting of asin'glefcasting; but by usingindividual hangers of the kind. described,l it will 'be seen that tie guides may becarried nearer to the platen, becausethe thinness at .the tips lof the hangers formed of she t.or bar metal is not an objectiomas it would be in the case ot brittle cast segments, it being found imprzuticable to cut thin dividing walls in such i segments. `lyIoi-eovenitwill be seen-that the space between the hangers is open at the Leven-@552mm liront hoch to zind'hottoni. oil oionnd the oiooehed. 'lf'he fo-w o' u" i, a i3 J l type een, so that theie le no oppoi'iunity i'oi' eui'ifed oi" bowed h); semi f necuinulot-ion of duet ond dnt between he with thenn hongeis engthij g Ai vhono'eis wheieos in the cose ol; seo'inent, inoi'e and more boel.; iowoiig-, i

im .i l A .e one side othe Slots iseloeed, and ioirlns o ne the sides oili the system me oigniiii hoi'hoi' for dirt which o1-dweilY iille n i f to @we :additional eieoinnee hott een t the slots. ioeent sheets of iihe type hloehe t tl. i

The top portions oi the hangers iit in oit the system, the type han heli notches oi' teeth l5 upon the 'front edge oi"l correspondingly elosei: tog; io enm'ed hoi' 16, which constitutes o guide :it Figi. 2, the type here ne :ihont i1-oeh und prevents lateral vil) ation oi ihe eport, being nniioirnlf,1 eeijmint hongeie; locoy ng them aeeliintely with Lee ont the eystenn sind the entire oye-hihi epee/t to one onoihei'. so that theyT 'form i'epies only :i liiiie ovei' 'n duoilei oi :t linhle guides lfoi' the type hars. The loitei' The extreme l5/peo lie t on :ing-le `o` he l :i

lio preferably have gnidepiojeetions 17, which ehont 48 deglfeee with ireio ion to i increase the Width oi? the type bers :it the hors, oe seen ot liig. Q. Tlfv smid t i :io tops of the hangers l)1 and enable the pirefei'zilole to the gient :in whieh Einw hengels to pievent the 'type hors from twisiheretofore been nenni in th in@h when deliveiingloiows upon the pieten. chine.

im lihe ioel 16 may he'iiired in any suitable It will he nndeisl'ood i; inonnei, as hy lomeliets 18, which connect the eoeiei to construct o `imno ends oi said roei to the ends of the segment in which all oit' the here si lith 2.) nen/Ply vertical pionee, than o 'lihe types stiilce upon the front side oi? many of thein swing hoiisfzo the pieten, n litiie ohove 4the oxiol plone horizontal planes, nnd'henee iti Preoi and it nili be understood i'het the tuin t0 hdve odi the type hr 1 .eden may he vihoted up ond down to strike niaehine Woilc :is neoi i.

eiofole different types to print; the eepitol- Vpossible This desidei'otnin is oiiizii 'printing position of ihe platen being seen ineens oi' this invention.

llo in dotted lines et la. rEhe segment and the It Will he seen thot the l W w.

eystem of 'type hoi-e ore oeooidingiy mouiiinoi:` of undue iengt-h, and than' the i iii@ ed somewhat ololiquely iii the machine, ilo 'going from noininl poeilion to i, L eoirespond with the ohiiqne position oi 'the move through the nenni dietzineo, no the' L printing point-upon 'the platen. touch is not; iendeied ohjeetionohle: while As seen bestv at Fig. 3, the hangers, ond the length of the type here ondtheii linfomi eonseqoently the type bei' pivots 6, do not arrangement enables them to he Qeoihwfl loo extend as usuel in n straight iine across the in ev segment of about 95 dogmes, machine. hut in :L bowed line; Viewed .in the typehais ore l2 in nninhei, P1811- Th@ lmgefs and PVOL'S etthe middie At Fig. 2 it Wiii be seen that the penning $0 of the system are forward of 1those at the' point L isgapproximoteiy ot the contee leoni sides of the system. Each succeeding which the eurve oi the row of type hoi' niv loo hanger, beginning et about the middle of ots is struck. the system, ond going toward the sides, is Extending forwardly 'ioni the tjyioe eels n triiie in hoek, and the type bars are of ore links 20, connected at 2i. io the ir Mi Elgiinl leiigtli.` It Wili loe SEER fit Fig. 3 that of a System of Sub-levers 22; the litt the type system is bowed, and ,beginning oted it theirlowerendset@ tolei'eiewhieh No :from the middle oi" the system the types hear et their forward endel hoyo 2M. the norinniiy lie one o little behind another, reel* ends of said links Q0 ore nii/'nml 1li those :it the extenie eidee being i'eormoet. .Q5 to i'efiex firms formed nooo the tgjfiie he This compensates for' the transverse posihere and radiating downwardly :nid onltioiis of the types reietively to their type woidlyv therefrom; each umn (',omprieing n 11o bers, so that the types lie eompactly in the springy portion 26 extending downwardly type boeket 19, and hence the are of lthe from pivot 525, and merging into n long mani; is relatively short, reckoned in degrees exiole member Q7, extending iipwnrrlly filth oi Ti 1 .'55 und the hypes are enabledito iie at angles back of the pivot 25 and post'. the pivot- 5 toitheirl type l bars which is Aunobjeotionof the type bei, and joining; the huh of the 12o abley Thee-is, the eiiti'eme' eide types latter ai; 28. This erin 27 is sniiioiently tend morefneariy longihodinelly of iheiin v.iiexihle to yield at the hey etioke7 und bars than ie the 'usuel` practice. Each Lyne `mode of epringy material. The reflex non 60 bnr carries itetype block at. one 13nd und .tion 2G has the eeet oi? in ereeeiin Athe is pivoted at, theotherend, the bars preien Springiness of the arm, being mode thin for 1,25 ably of uniform lengthend ihe type blloeke this purpose, while the pivot E25 if; :it the disposed et gradually increasing' angle proper distance from the type hoi: nimh (L the bars es the sides of the system amen In other Words, e, long umn intervenes lie `other words,

tween said pivots, each arm beingso springy t h a,t it is capable of yielding ateach key stroke.

The links move forwardly when the keys are. touched, and it will be seen that each link, andhence the direction of the stress, extends directlyacrossor transversely of the spring arm 27 at the initial portion of the priiitingstroke, so that when the key is touched sharply, said arm yields, owing to thegweight or inertia ofthe type bar. It` -is easier for the arm 27 to yield, than it is for the type bar to start off at great speed.

It will also be seenby examination of the single type actionseeii at Fig.A 1 in printing position that the. links 20 extend in a direction longitudinal ofthe spring arin 27,

and hence have no i at this time any appreciable tendency t bend the latter. It will hence be unders ood that the arm 27, if bent at thenitial portion of the key stroke,

4recovers its normal shape during the stroke and before the completion thereof. In the work l,originally performed in bending said arm, is utilized during the remainder of the key-stroke in automatithe invention,

-shown in Fig. 4 of my application No.

cally increasingthe speed of the. type b ar. A two-fold object is .thus accomplished by cushioning the keys at the initial part of the key stroke and augmenting the speed of t-he type bar at the tinal portion of the key stroke. The spring arm 27, in recovering itself during the printing stroke,. also tends to cushion the final portion of the key stroke, so that the impetus of the operators hands is partly absorbed, and less jar is received by the finger when arrested at the completion of the stroke.

. The spring-acting arm may otherwise be formed and connected Within the scope of as for instance in the manner .187,362,7filed Dec. 3l, 1903, and so long as it has the essential operation, it is not necessary that it be formed or provided upon the type bar itself.

It will be seen that, when in normal position, the links 2() extend at about a right ai'igle to a radial line extending troni 25 to l, and that at the completion of the printing stroke, said link extends nearly'in a. line eoinciding with said radial line. The distance i from to is very great, and hence there is a great loss of leverage during the printing stroke. The key has the greatest leverage upon the type bars at the beginning of the stroke, thus rendering the touch soft for the operator; while the greater part or all of the leverage is lost during the stroke, thus tending' to slow down the key action and increase the speed of the type barwhich finger at the completion of the key stroke.

`work of the machine.

llhus it Will be seen that a double cushioning effect is produced, b the reduction/of leverage during the stro e and bythe action of t-he spring arms,

rlfhe U-sliaped levers which bear the keys 24, comprise arms 29, which depend 'from a common fulcrum rod 30, extending across Ithe machine, and suitably supported at its said arms 29, or where the sub-lever pivots 23 are provided upon the key levers. These pivots 23 are at or near the bot-toni ends ot'.u

said arms 29, upon portions 3,1 which extend forwardly from arms 29 to the upright keybearing stems or portions 32.

The sub-levers 22 have fulcrum points 33, at such distances from the pivots 23 as to give the top pivots 2l uniform movements for all thesub-levers; Said fulcrum points 33 bearing against the front face of a vertical plate .34, fixed in the machine in any suitable manner, and of sutiicient height to accoiniiiodate, all of thev fulcrum points i It will be understood that'the points 33 stand at various elevations, owing partly to the differ ence fof vthe length of the different sub-levers, and partly to the diference in extent of movement of their lower ends; those coanected to the rear banks of keys vibrating' more than those connected to the front banks ofx keys. Said sub-levers preferably stand between the arms 29 and the key-bearing stems 32, thus making -a very compact and inexpensive mechanism. The pivots and the fulcrum points 33 are nearly in line with the key lever fulcium 30 at Fig. l; said pivots 23 vibratingthrough arcsconeentric with the fulcrum 30, and almost concentric with arcs drawn from the respective fulcrum points 33, so that the latter during the key stroke slip but/little if any up and down the plate 34, although bearing loosely upon theI latter.

The arms 29 may be guided at their upper ends by a comb 35, and at their lowerends by a comb 36 tixed to the rear side`of the plate 34; and the forward ends of the key levers may be ided b a comb 37 ene'aeing the arms 3l, -iiward )of the comb lghanil fixed in any suitable manner to theframe- The key levers have projections 29*el which normally rest against the rear edge of the comb 37.

It will be seen at Figs. 2 and 3 that the iio lacing, at their lower ends, equal to thewidth olf the system of key levers, and at their npcer ends equal to the Width of the system of vpc, hars. By pivoting the sub-levers at t eir loi-ver ends to the key levers, and guiding the upper ends of the sub-levers in mem her B8, the ulcrum points may rest where they will upon the plate 34, and the necessity i'or melting separate ulcrum bearings ttor the sub-levers is avoided. The lower ends ol the sub-levers are'bent at- 29. into parallelism With the key levers, and at their upper ends at 22h into parallelism with the type bars, the links 2O being llat throughout, Thus it will be seen that there is a direct action vel" each part, Without lateral strain at any point, and hence liability7 of crampi and binding is eliminated, and ease, oi'

action is assured.

rlhe type bars and their connections may be returned to normal positions by means ol draw springs 39, which are connected to the lower ends of the spring arms 27, and caught upon a curved rod 40, which is suitably lined in the machine, said springs radiating downwardly and outwardly from the type bars, and normally being nearly in line with the type bar pivots 6 so as not to otter much opposition to the starting of the type bars. When the latter are against the platen, the leverage of the springs is.

greatly increased, as seen at Fig. l, so as to assist materially in starting the type bars bach from the platen.

rlFhe arms 29 may operate a uniform-motion universal bar 4l, extending rearwardly across the system of key levers, and mounted upon a roch shaft 42; the latter connected. by an arm 43, link 44, crank 45, and link 4G to a dog rocher 47, having usual dogs 4S, 49 to cooperate with the usual ack 50 provided upon the usual platen carriage (not shown), ',lhe universal bar 41 may also operate a ribboirvih"ating mechanism (not shown). Since the arms 29 vibrate through rdilierent arcs, according to the different distances oi the uniformly movinO keys from the lul- Crum rod 30, I provi'e upon the rear ends of the arms 29 projections 51 of dili'erent lengths, and so placed with reference to the universal. bar 4l, and with, reference to the fulcrums or axes 30 and 42, that the uni versal bar and hence the dog rocke has uniform movements atall the key strokes. The key levers having the `shortest strokes have the longest project-ions 1 to engage the universal bar plate 4l at points nearest 42 and most remote from 30, and vice versa.

At Fig. 3 it will be seen that the key board Iis the same as that usually employed Wardly from its fulcrum and thenforwardly mesmo it l? ig. 4 l show an upright sub-lever 52a, lulcrunied` between its ends at 53 to a horizontal lulcrum-linlr 53. At its lower end the subelever is pivoted to the rear end or' a linl 54, connected tothe loweri'nost rear portion oit' hey-lever 3l. The fulcrnni-lint'. or idle linlr 53 is pivoted at 55 to the fn worlr; and the upper end of the subelc L ivoted at directly to the typeJham c llollotvs the movement ofthe latter, wh' h movement is accommodated hy the linlts oil and 54, as will he understooffl from Fig'. li, which. shows one type in printing position and one in normal posi'uzion.` lt will he seen that llig. 5 is lilte `Fig. l., except that the leversv and Alinhs S have been omitted, and that the" connections 54, hilt anc 53 have been substituted in place thereof; so much of Fig. l as is retained. lacing shovrnkin dot; ted lines; while the coimections seen at Fig. 4 are shown in :full lines at Finu 5.

@ther variations may be resorted to withn in the scope olli my inventioiii, and portions if my improvements may he used Without others.

l-laring thus described my invention, l

claim:

, l. ln a typewriting machine, the con'dfai nation with a platen, ci' a curved series of type bars mounten to strike upon the lront side of the platen, a series ofv linhs entending Itorwardly from the type hars, a series oi" upstanding subdevers to Whose upper ends said links are connected, and a series oi' hey hearing levers to which said 4upstanding suh-levers are connected; said key hearing levers fulcrumed at their rear ends in rear of the sub-levers and having portions depending lrom their fulcrums, and said euh-levers connected to said depending portions at points where the latter have backward and forward movements.

Q. ln a 'typewriting machine, the combi-4 nation with a platen, oi a curved series of type 'bars mounted to strike upon lh@ `Front side of the platen, a series of links ertc'uiding forwardly from the type hars, a series oti upstanding sub-levers' to Whose upper ends said links are connected, and series of key 'levers to'which said upstandiro; sub levers are connected; said key levers fulcrurnedv at their rear ends near the sub'- levers, and each key lever extending downside of the platen,

- upstanding sub-levers ofthe to the keys, and said sub-levers connected to the key levers below the fulcrums of thel latter.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and a curved series of type bars mounted to of'a series of links extending forwardly from the type bars, a series of upstanding sub-levers `connected to said links, and al series of levers each having a key-bearing stem, a rearwardly extending portion, and a portion or armextending upwardly to the fulcrum'; the fulcrums of the key levers being in rear of said sub-levers and the latter connectedto the key-levers at points in or close to said rearwardly eX.- tending portions where .the key levers move backwardly and forwardly.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a curved series of type bars pivoted to strike upon the front side of the platen, a series of4 links, a series of upstanding sub-levers, to which said links i are connected, and a series of U shaped key levers to which said upstanding sub-levers are connected; said key .levers fulcrumed at' their rear ends in front of the` type-bar pivots and having dependi g portions, and said sub-levers connected lioisaid depending portions at points below the fulrums .of the key-levervwhere the latter have backward and forward movements.

In a typewriting machine, the com-bination with a platen, of a curved series of rye pe bars pi-voted'to lstrike upon the front side o first order to lich said links arec'onnected, and a series shaped key levers to which said sub levers vare connected; said key levers 'fulcrumed in a single line at their rear ends, each extending downwardly from its fulcrum and vthen forwardly to the key; and said sub-levers connected to the key levers Lbelow the fulcrums of the latter.

6. In a -typewriting machine, the combination with a platen anda curved series of type bars' mounted to strike upon lthe front side Aof the platen, of a series of links extending forwardly from the type bars, a series .of upstanding sub-levers connected yto said links,-and a serieso'f U shaped levers each having key Dbearing stem, .a rearwardly extending portion, anda portion or arm extending upwardly. to the fulcrum; the sub-levers connectedI to the key levers at points in or close to said rearwardly exf tending portions where .the key levers `move backwardly and forwardly.

7. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a system. of U shapedkey-- levers each ggmprising a key-bearing stem, a forwardly and rearwardly extending portion and .a member [extending upwardly from the'latter and pivoted or flcrumed strike upon the front I tion .and a member the platen, a series of links, a series of v wardly and rearwardly moving portions,

and asystem of sub-levers extending up to the type-bars and connecting said forwardly and rearwardly moving portions to the lowermost rear portions of said key levers. v8. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a system of U-shaped key levers each comprising a key bearing stem, a forwardly and rearwardly extending porl extending upwardly from the latter and pivoted or fu'lcrumed at its upper end, of a curved system of rearwardly striking type bars having forwardly and rearwardly moving portions, and means connecting rearwardly .moving portions to forwardly and rearwardly moving portions of said key levers; said connecting means including a system of sub-levers, and a system of links. vfr). In .a front strike writincr machine, the combination with a system of5 U-shaped key levers each comprising a forwardly and rearwardly extending portion, and a member extending upwardly from the latter and pivoted or fulcrumed at its upper end, of a curved system of rearwardly striking type bars vhaving forwardly and rearwardly mov ing portions, and means connecting said forwardly and rearwardly moving portions to the lowermost rear portions of said key levers; said connecting means including a sysi tem of upwardly extending sub-levers pivoted vat their lower ends to the lower rear portions of the key levers.

l0. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a system of key levers each comprising a key bearing stem, a forwardly and rearwardly extending portion and a member extending upwardly from the latter and pivoted 'orfulcrumed at itsupper end, of a curved system.of rearwardly striking type bars hav-ing forward-ly and rearwardly moving portions, and means. connecting said l Y forward-ly and rearwardly moving portions to forwardly and rearwardly moving portions of said key levers; said connecting means including a system of sub-levers of the rst order pivoted at their lower ends to the key levers belowi the fulcru-ms .of the latter and extending upwardly and connect ed .at their upper ends to the typebars.

ll. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a system of key levers each --f comprising a forwardly and rearwardly extending portion and a member or arm extending :gipwardly from the latter and pivoted or f ulcrumed at its upper end, of a curved system of rearwardly striking type bars having forwardly and rearwardly7 m'ovng portions, and means connecting said forwardly and rearwardly moving portions to forwardly and rearwardly moymg portiens Qf Sad .key levefaaid connecting means 1ntvitli system of key levers er l y bearing stern, a ferrea ,ly extending portion arm extending upwardly 'iro-ni utter and pivoted or loloromed at its end, oit a oorved system of rearwardly type bars 1nav-ing 'forwardly ond o. y moving portions, and means noir 'said forwardly and rearwardly mov po. ions to forwardly and Arearifvardly e portions of said key levers; said. M

L lone-ans including a system oit lr vers connected to the key levers ln 'liront strike WritingA machine, the y'motion with a system olf lrey levers eacli sing a lrey bearing stein, a rea; lrdly odias; portion and e member eirtran'lin@l upwardly from the latter and piyoted or lulrroined at its upper end, of a curved system 'l rmrnardly striking type liars liavino; lors 'mi and rearwardly moving portions, and ineens connecting said forwardly and reorrvardly iiioi'ii1g po1'tioi1s to forvvordly and i rwardly moving portions of said key leli ll l i a typewritinp; machine, the ooniloisaid connecting; means inelor o a syse ren wardly from the key board, a .roo noon which all oil"l said levers are 'fnlA @ruined then forwardly and upwardly to tlie 'stein of sub-levers of Jdie 4first order ndividoal tulerurns and connected at their lovver ends to the lowerrnost portions i said lrey levers at points which move lier; wardly and forwardly, a Curved system ol rearwardly striking type bars, and means "ingr the upper ends of said solo-levers lorrvardly and baelvvardly moving porof said type liars ln a typewriting machine, the eornloin nation ol' a system of key-bearing levers er te fling rearwardly from the key board, a rot upon Wliioli all of said levers are fulerroiied at their rear portions, said levers eiriending downwardly from said 'fulcrum ond dien forwardly and upwardly to the langs', system oi" sub-levers of the first order liari'ng individual fulcrams and oonneoted l irlo'vver ends tothe lowermost )ortions Joints Whiei nieve ly, a 'Curved system r oivliwardly 'from said fuloruni rod l opper-ends olf said sub-levers Willi system of key-bearing levers ent-- l their rear portions, said levers ein` l v striking type bers; mea een.

per ends near s the liey levers at tionr l' tlie lcey system oli reerwardly striking type laos; rneons connecting tlie opper ends ol .L -:rod

sols-levers with forwardly and liaelrwardly moving portions of said type bars; ine-aos guiding the lrey levers at their upper ends near said fiiloriims; a plate upon wliieli :ill of said sub-levers bear or roolr, said sollH levers being pivoted fit their lower enfle to Atlie key levers; and guiding means Jfor the upper ends of said solrlwers.

l. lira typewritingj machine, the romloination oi a system oM lreybearing levers extending rearwardly groin tl'le key lioord and. fulorunied at their 'rear portions, said levers extend doisim'ardly :from their el' i uleruins and tlini il; wardly and iipworllly to the keys,I a system oil sob-levers of ille first order and having individual, fnlerun s and Connected at their lower ends to tl lower portions oi" said lroy levers, :i eorwrvfl system oi rearwardly striking type liars, and means connecting the upper ends of said sub-levers willi liorwardly and lmet:- Wardly movingl portions oil said type liars; said siibwlevers being' pivoted at their looer ends to the key levers',I and said lieydever nlororns and said suli -lever ilflilornnis lining about in line -with the points of attilroliment of said sub-levers t. said lrey levers 18. In a typewritin@n machine, the @ourv bination of a system oi U-sliaped lreylnrar ing levers extending rearwardly'from l'lio key board, a rod upon which all olf said levers are fulcrumed at their rear portions, said levers extendingr downwardly from said fulerum rod and 'their forwardly and upwardly to the keys, a system of solo-levers of the first order and Connected at their lower ends to the lower portions of said key levers at points which move lmclnmrdly and forwardly, a Curved system of rearwardly striking t pe bars, links connor-,ting the upper ends o said sull-levers wit-li `for- Wardly and baokwardly moving portions of said type bars; means guiding izlievlkey levers; e plate onori tlie from; ffaoe of which and means grinding tlie lill 'los

all of saidv sub-levers loosely bea'ror rock,A

Afulcrumed at their rear portions, said levers extending downwardly from'said fulcruin rod and then forwardly and upwardly to the keys, a system of sub-levers of the first order and having individual fulcrums and connected at their lower ends to the lower portions of said key levers at points which move backwardly and forwardly, a curved system of rearwardly striking type bars, means connecting the upper ends ot said sub-levcrswith'said type bars; means gui`ding the key levers; a plate upon which all ofl said sub-le1vers bear or`rock; said suhlevers being pivoted at their lower ends to the key levers, and guidingr means for the, upper ends of said sub-levers; said sublevers being so proportioned that their upper ends have forward and backward movements of approximately uniform length.

20. -In a typewriting machine, the com binatio-n with a system of type hars, of a system of key-bearing levers extending rearwardly from the key board and fulcrumed at theirv rear ends, said levers extending downwardly from said fulcrums and. then forwardly to the key-bearing portions, a system of sub-levers connected to the key levers below the fulcrums of the latter and extending upwardly and connected at their upper ends to the type bars; said system of type bars being of less width than said system of key-bearing levers, and said sub- .levers converging from their lower to their upper ends.- 2]'. In a. typewriting'inachine, the combination with a system of type'barsof a system of parallel key-bearing levers, fulcrumed at their rear ends, said levers cxtending downwardly from said fulcrums and then forwardly to the key-bearing portions, of a 'system of sub-levers connected to` the key levers below the fulcrums of the vlatter and extending upwardly and connected at their upper ends by means of links to the type bars, said system of type hars being of less width than said system of key bearing levers, and said system of sub-levers converging from their lower` to their upper ends and having approximately the saine width at the top as said system of type hars.'

2Q. In a-type-writing machine, the combination with a. platen, of a curved series of type bars mounted to strike upon the front side of thel platen, a series of upstandlng sub-levers to whose upper ends said type barsfareconnected, and a series of key levers to whichA said upstanding sub-levers are connected; said key-levers fulcrumed in rear of the sub-levers and having depending portions, said sub-levers connected to said depending portions at points Where the latter have backward and forward movements; and said depending portions having projections of varying sizes for operating a universal bar.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a curved series of type bars mounted t0 strike upon the front side of the platen, and having short arms, a

series of upstanding sub-levers to whose upper' ends said short arms are connected, a series of key levers to which said upstanding sub-levers are connected; said key levers fulcrumed in rear of the sub-levers and having depending portions, and said sub-levers connected to said depending portions at points where the latter have backward and forward movements; and springs connected to the short-arms of said type'bars and extending radially therefrom.

24. In a typewriting machine,'the combinttion with a platen, of a curved .series of type bars mounted to strike upon the front side of -t-he platen, and having short depend ing arms, a series of links extending forwardly from the type bar arms, a series oi upstanding sub-levers to whose upper ends said links are connected, a series of key lovers to which said upstanding sub-levers are connected; said key levers fulcrumed in rear of the sub-levers and having depending portions, and said sub-levers connected to said depending portions, 'and springs connected to the short arms of said type bars'and extending radially therefrom and so connected that their leverage upon the type bars in creases during the printing movements of the latter.

25. In a typewriting machine, thecfinhinationwith a key, of a type bar having a lspring arin capable of yielding transversely, and a connection from said key to said arm to cause it to yield transversely at thcinitial part ofthe printing` stroke, but to act longitudinally of said spring arm at the terminal portion of the printing stroke, to relieve the flexing or yielding action of said arm when the type is in printing position.

26. In a typewriting machine, the combi'- 2T. In a typewrltmg machine, thel combi- Loeaavo l therefrom, und is then bent .backwardly toward the fulerumv of the type bar; links connected to said backwardly bent arms; re-

turning springs attached to said arms and extending radially away therefrom and attached at their oppositeends to a fixed part of the machine, Athe arrangement 'of the springs being such that their leverage upon the type bars increases during the printing strokes of the latter; said links extending forwardly from said arms; upstanding levers of the first order to Whose upper ends the forward ends of said links are connected, and hey levers to which the lower ends of said sub-levers are connected; said key levers ulcrumed above the fulcrums of said sub-levers, and ,in rear thereof, and extend ing downwardly from their fulcrums to points of attachment to said sub-levers and then 'forwardly to their key-bearing portions; said springs serving to return to normal position said type bars, links, sub-levers and key levers.

In a front strike writingy machine, the ze combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, and hangers mounted upon said segment and provided with pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge-shaped and so mounted-that the type bars are guided laterally by adjoining hangers; each type bar with its hanger being detachable from i said segment independently of the' other hangers.

40. In al front strike writing machine, the t striking type bars, a segment, hangers mounted upon said segment and' having for- ""7 v extending arms ywhich are provided w1 i inaiiifidual pivots for said @type-sbars, said hangers' being wedge-shaped and so z ninted that the type bars are guided lateraiiy by adjoining hangers; .each type bar with its hanger being detachable from said segment independently of the other hangers.

el. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a system of rearwardly strik- Aing rtype bars, a segment having grooves', hangers mounted in said grooves and provided' with `individual pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge shaped and so mounted that the type bars are guided laterally by adjoining hangers; each type bar 'with its hanger bein detachable from lsaid segment independently of the other hangers; and screws for fastening the hangers in said segment.

42.- In a frontstrike writing machine. the

combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangers'mountedy 36 upon said segment and provided with individual pivots for said type bars,.said hangers being wedge shapedand so mounted that the type bar-sare guided laterally adjoining hangers; said' segment having grooves to reoeive the bases 'of said hangers,y and screws combination with a system of rearwardlyfor fastening the latter in said segment; said screws extending radially up through the segment and threaded into bodies of the hangers.

43. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangers mounted upon` said segment and provided with individual pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge-shaped and so mounted that the type bars are guided laterall by adjoining hangers; each type bar wit hanger being detachable from said segment independently of the other hangers and a fixed rack engaging said hangers upon'their rear sides above the pivots of the type bars.

44. In a front strike writing machine, the combination ofa system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangers mounted upon said segment and provided with pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge shaped and so mounted that vthe type bars are guided by adjoining hangers; each type bar with its hanger being detachable from said segment independently l of the other hangers; and a rack engaging said hangers above the pivots of the type bars; said hangers extending sufficiently far between the type-bar. fulcrums and the printing point to serve as printing guides for the type bars.

45. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangers mounted upon'said segment and provided with pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge shaped and so mounted that thetype bars are guided laterally by adjoining hangers; said hangers guiding the type bars laterally for about one-third of the distance from the type bar pivots to the printing point.

46. In a `front, strike writing machine, the combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangersmounted upon said segment and provided with pivots' for said type bars, said hangers being Wedge shaped and so mounted that the type bars its are guided laterally by adjoining hangers;

each type bar with its hanger being detachable from said segment independently of the other hangers; the type bar pivots lying one slightly vhack of another from the middle to the sides of the system. so as to give proper clearance for the double types upon the front ends of the bars.

47. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a system of rearwardly striking type bars, a segment, hangers mounted upon said segment and provided with pivots for said type bars, said hangers being wedge shaped and so mounted that the type bars are guided laterally by adjoining hangers; each typebar with its ha er being detachable' from -said segment in ependently of the other hangers; the type bar pivqts lyin one slightly back o 'f anotherfrom themid 1e to 'ras to give clear :l noon the 'liront "1 1I"ting mnchineythe comof rearwardly strikzd n en nre-of a circle,

of seid four hunks, rs intervening singly ning frequently-.used

only

TH n

nioiniteiil in en inl .order and hevreel odd inrncter types l 'f hete en 'the types for W i E end D., M and l', endv 0 and L, keys connected thereto and arranged at in n special incomconnected tothe en' sind "snrnding' intervals ik; keys heing :i here s 50, i segment et tyl'iiehers in the usuel order nel linving nonnlphnheticnl oddel'z' rrpes int rposed singly between L sind i3, the M and I, l. odd-ehnrncter types en incomplete ilet'e rows of type-hers. 'writing machine,

ront

ition with n pieten shiftnble np 3g; t ll direction l t i :islightly d in pien ard the horizontal roving downed levers bearevers and con y il; of the latter,

, s formed upon, the

roer legs ci Vie rey le zit their lower ends` links connecting the ripper ends of the enbdevers to the type-hars in such n manner that the leverage of the keys upon the type-hairs diminishes dnring the print- My-ip; in'r "l Springs for the bine, the co1nne here und n thereof, off npving to hear et'dif upon seid plete, said levers mected clinici ends to type hairs l -i' their` lower fis to key levers. ci', nl nm' vi h n, system of z stern of dect erm and forwardly "dent arm, nrdly en and combs eXtendin forming en, incomv toi-ming e.v seriesofire, a plete upon which said connections have e, heer upwardly und i p ate to guide seid. l?

Walgdly from said henring levers.

54. The combination with a system ni m yielding type bars each having :i yie y spring arm formed thereon, of e of nnyielding key operated devices neted to said yielding arms.

55. A system of type-bars, euch carrying ly et one end a type-block having :L plurnlitA of types thereon, and each pivoted at tlm other end, seid bars of uniform length, and the type-blocks disposed at gradually ill-- creasing angles to the hairs as the the system are approached, and lyi curved row which is skewed by' le type-bars lengthwise gradunlly'ln" more toward their pivot ends :is the silice of the system ere approached, to give odd i tional'clearance between the adjacent ehr of the type-blocks atthe sides of thi' tem, the type-bars being placed corresqi.N ingly closer together; the print-ing point being lapproximately at the center from M, which the curve of said row is struck.

56. A system of type bars, each carrying at one end a type-block having e` plurality ol? types thereon, and each pivoted at the other end to a, hanger, said hars of uniform 73. length, and the type blocks disposed ntf gradually increasing angles to the hers ns` the sides of the system are approached, and lying in a curved row which is skewed by setting the type-burs with .their hangers lengthwise gradually more and more to` ward their pivot ends as the sides of the system nre approached, to give additional clearance between the adjacent cheeks of the type blocks at lthe sides of the system, the typehers being placed correspondingly closer together; the printing point heling ich vnpproximately nt'the center from which the curve of said row is struck.

57. In n typewriting rnnehinemn segment formed on a segment of e kewed nnnnlns, und type ber hangers secured upon scid sec'nlent in e row which is correspondingly skewed or bowed.

58. The combination of a key, fr type hr1 r comprising :in .integral spring of such strength us to he capable of starting the type har at moderate speed, but to yield when the key is struck sharply, and Ineens cow neeting said key to said spring in such n mi manner that the leverage or purchase et' the key `upon the spring diminishes during the printing' stroke.'

5x9.l The cornbimitiony of a key, n type bar comprising ai Iv'integral spring of such 151,5 strength as to be capable' of starting the type bar at moderatespeed, but to yield when the key is struck sharply, and melma con-` meeting said key to said spring in. euch manner that the leverage of the epm w Loeaaro i the spring diminishes and disappears during the printing stroke.

60. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key, of a type'bar having an integral arm capable of yielding relatively 'to the remainder of the type bar at -the key stroke, and a connection from said .stress comes longitudinally of said arm.

. 61. In a typewriting machine, the coni bination with a key, of a type-operating lever comprising an integralA arm capable of yielding at the printing stroke to permit a relative jyielding `movement between the' key and the type; the construction and arrange ment being such that at the initial portion of the printing stroke the stress comes transversely of said arm While at the termination of the printing stroke the stress comes longitudinally of said arm.

62. In a typewriting machine, the com! binationwith a key, of a type-carrying lever comprisin an integral pivoted arm .capable of yielding relatively to the type arm at the key stroke, a connection extending fromthe key to said yielding arm in a direction to actnpon the latter transversely of its length at the initial portions of the printing'stroke, and in the direction of its length at the terminal portion of the printing stroke.

63. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key, of a type bar having an arm formed thereon capable of yielding at the key stroke, anda key-operated device to exert driving force upon said arm in a .direction transversely of the Alatter at the of the printing stroke; the construction and arrangement being such that the leverage of said device upon the type bar gradually diminishes during the printing stroke.

64. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key, of a type bar having formed thereon an arm capable of yielding relatively to the body portion of the type bar at the key stroke, and a key-operated link connected to said arm, and normally extending transversely of the latter; the construction and arrangement being such that during the printing stroke the relation of the parts gradually changes until said link extends longitudinally of said arm.

65. .Ina typeWri/ti/ng machine, the combination with a key, of a type'y bar having `formed integral therewith an .arm capable of yielding at the keystroke, and a key oper-f vIIJ.

I that during the printing stroke therelation of the parts changes so that said link eX tends longitudinally of said arm and about in line with the ulcrum of the type bar.

66. In a typeivriting machine, the combination with a key, of a type bar comprising a tvpecarrying arm and a second integral arm capable of yielding at the key stroke, and a key-operated link connected to said second arm, and normally extending transversely of the latter; the construction and arrangementbeing such that during the printing stroke the relation ofthe parts changes so that said link extends longitudinally of said second arm, and about in linewith the fulcrum of the latter. r

67. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key, of a type bar having an integral arm capable of yielding relatively to the body portion of the type bar at the key stroke; and means connecting the key to said arm in such a manner as to actuate the same transversely at the beginning of the printing stroke and lengthwise at the completion, of the printing stroke; the construction and arrangement being such that the leverage of the key upon said arm gradually diminishes during the printing stroke.

68. The combination with a key and a type bar comprising a spring, of an intervening lever, and means including said spring for connecting the lever to the body of said type bar; said connecting means constructed to cause the leverage of the spring upon said lever to increase during the type stroke.

69. The combination With a key and a type bar comprising a spring, of an intervening lever, and means Iincluding'said `springfor connecting the leverto the body of said type bar; said connecting means constructed to cause the leverage of `the key upon said lever to decrease during the type stroke, and the leverage' of the spring upon said lever to increaseduring the type stroke. i

70. The combination of a key, a type bar pivotally mounted and comprising a resilient integral member, and a link operated 'tension, and a link arranged to start said member substantially as right angles to a line extending from said pivot through said resilient member, and'dfraW/it substantially into a line between said link and,said pivot.

lIna typewriting machine, the combi nation wlth a platen and atype bar'in front i platen, of e liey lever mainly in front Y a, pivot, for said key lever A gf ind jche type-bar, upward sions on said levers having a rearward nent, a universal bar, a type bar lever, us :for operating said universal bar fl type oar lever by the rearward mo- L'will upwardly extending member. typewriting machine, the combi L with type bars and connections for ai Eig said type bars, of escapement im, connections for operatingr said nt mechanism from a universal bar, entirely in front of said conneci. said universal bar, and upwardly members on said key levers adapted to operatesaid versal bar.

74. In a typewriting machine, the combination with type-bars, of keys for operating said bars, levers fory said keys, said levers having pivots vin front of said type-bars, members on said key levers having a rearward thrust, levers for operating said typebars, and means for connecting the portions of said levers having a rearward thrust to portions of said levers which move mainly forward and backwardly.

BURNHAM C. STICKNEY. Witnesses:

BERTHA SCHMIER, Krrrm FRANKFORT.

connections on said uniicl/ra patent may be obtained for ve cents eacli, by addressing the Commissioner at Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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