US109656A - Improvement in compounds for bating hides and skins - Google Patents
Improvement in compounds for bating hides and skins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US109656A US109656A US109656DA US109656A US 109656 A US109656 A US 109656A US 109656D A US109656D A US 109656DA US 109656 A US109656 A US 109656A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- skins
- hides
- compounds
- improvement
- lime
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
Definitions
- I employ a solution composed of, say threefourths (3) of a pound of carbolic acid, six (6) pounds of-muriate of ammonia, (sal ammoniac,) and six (6) pounds of alum, dissolved in one hundred and fifty gallons of water.
- the lime remaining in the skin or hide after all mechanical means have been employed does not amount to a large percentage, still there is suflicient lime left to form, with the tannin an insoluble compound, which retards the progress of tanning by closing the pores and preventing the tan liquid 'from penetrating the interior of the hides or skins, asidefi'rom which 'leather containing this tannate of limeis often harsh and brittle.
- the advantages ofthe carbolic acid in the bate are to prevent any tendency to 'putrefaction or fermentation, and at the same time beginthe operation of ten ning by coagulating and loosening the albumen from the elastic fiber, and it also'makes the fibers tougher.
- the fibers of the hides and skins are not impaired by any free acid.
- the leather produced is much more pliable, tougher, and plumped up.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
we dfiia.
CHARLES F. PANKNIN, OF CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA.
LettersPatent No. 109,656, dated November 29,1870 antedated November 26, 1870.
IMPROIVEMENT m COMPOUNDS FOR BATlNG HIDES AND SKINS.
I The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part-of the same.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, CHARLES 1 PANKNIN, of the city and county of Charleston, in the State of South Garolina, have invented a new and improved Liquid or Solution for Eating Hides and Skins; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the manner of compounding and using the same. e
I employ a solution composed of, say threefourths (3) of a pound of carbolic acid, six (6) pounds of-muriate of ammonia, (sal ammoniac,) and six (6) pounds of alum, dissolved in one hundred and fifty gallons of water.
lhese proportions may be varied without departing from the principle of my invention. I
I explain the action of this hate on hides 'or skins which have been depilated by lime as follows:
The lime remaining in the skin or hide after all mechanical means have been employed (such as repeated washing, rinsing, scraping, and soaking, &c.,) for its removal, does not amount to a large percentage, still there is suflicient lime left to form, with the tannin an insoluble compound, which retards the progress of tanning by closing the pores and preventing the tan liquid 'from penetrating the interior of the hides or skins, asidefi'rom which 'leather containing this tannate of limeis often harsh and brittle.
When hides or skins are immersedin this liquid (after being freed from the lime by mechanical means) for twenty-four hours or longer, all the remaining lime is entirely removed, and the pores of the hides or skins I lime, when brought into contact with the solution above named, produce a chemical reaction. The muriate of ammonia-is decomposed in the presence of lime, forming chloride of calcium, which is soluble in water, and ammoniais liberated, which unites with a portion of the sulphuric acid contained in the alum,
forming sulphate of ammonia and alumina. if alum were not present the ammonia would give to the bate an alkaline reaction, which would be unfavorable to a proper swellin The reaction of this bate is, however, uniformly acid, without containingany free acid.
The advantages ofthe carbolic acid in the bate are to prevent any tendency to 'putrefaction or fermentation, and at the same time beginthe operation of ten ning by coagulating and loosening the albumen from the elastic fiber, and it also'makes the fibers tougher.
Another advantage in the use of carbolic acid is the prevention of an undue swelling of the 'fihers, which would injuriously affect the quality of the leather produced. a
The general advantages of the improved bate are:
First, the economy in the cost of material.
Second, the swelling of the hides and skins, and the removal of the lime at the same time.
-Third, the more rapid tanning of the hides and skins. 1 p
Fourth, the fibers of the hides and skins are not impaired by any free acid.
Filth, hides and skinswhioh have been treated with my bate, after they have been colored in the vat with a weak tan liquor, will bear a stronger tan solution z'rfterward without detriment.
Sixth, the leather produced is much more pliable, tougher, and plumped up.
Seventh, the catholic acid retained by the hides and skins will cause a saving of tannin in the vats, as it has the property of retarding the conversion of tannin into gallic acid. f
When the hides and skins have. been depilated with out the use of lime, I prefer to employ the solution without the muriate of ammonia, or with only a. very small quantity of ,muriate of ammonia, as this salt is only added for the removal of the lime.
'ihc hides and skins should be worked in the improved bate precisely as in any other. And in regard to the length of time each hide or skin is to re-. main in the hate, this will dependon the thickness and other conditions of .the same. Practical tannerswill know when the hides are bated sufficiently; and
'in order to make the hate penetrate uniformly they specified.
CHARLES- F. PANKNIN. Witnesses G. W. Drnemg,
0. W. STILns.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US109656A true US109656A (en) | 1870-11-29 |
Family
ID=2179129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US109656D Expired - Lifetime US109656A (en) | Improvement in compounds for bating hides and skins |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US109656A (en) |
-
0
- US US109656D patent/US109656A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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