US1086130A - Process of working with hydrogen under pressure. - Google Patents

Process of working with hydrogen under pressure. Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1086130A
US1086130A US77189813A US1913771898A US1086130A US 1086130 A US1086130 A US 1086130A US 77189813 A US77189813 A US 77189813A US 1913771898 A US1913771898 A US 1913771898A US 1086130 A US1086130 A US 1086130A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
working
under pressure
iron
hydrogen under
hydrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US77189813A
Inventor
Carl Bosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to US77189813A priority Critical patent/US1086130A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1086130A publication Critical patent/US1086130A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0411—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the catalyst

Definitions

  • CARL BOSCH 0F LUDWIGSHAFEN-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO BADISCHE I l ANILIN & SODA'FABRIK, OF LUDWIGSHAEEN-ON-THE-BHINE, GERMANY, A 136R- PORATION.
  • PROCESS 0]! WORKING WITH HYDROGEN UNDER PRESSURE.
  • any sort of, iron which possesses the requisite mechanical solidity can be employed, whether such iron contains much or little carbon or is free from carbon.
  • operations in which hydrogen is employed under pressures exceeding, say, five atmospheres and at high temperatures can be carried .out' when the walls of the. tubes or vessels which are supporting the pressure possess a temperature essentially above 450 walls be made of iron in which the requisite mechanical solidity of the metal is secured by alloying therewith a metallic solidity giving element such as chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and the like.
  • a metallic solidity giving element such as chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and the like.
  • the high temperature and pressure employed causes the removal of the carbon from the iron, the remaining alloy of the iron and element as aforesaid still possesses 'sufiicient mechanical solidity to prevent the tube or, vessel from giving way under the conditions obtaining.
  • alloys which are suitable for use according to my invention, I mention steel containing 18% of tungsten and 3% of chromium, and steel containin 2.9% of chromium and 0.2% of carbon. prefer to avoid the use of alloys containing too high a percentage of nickel.
  • the present invention is of great value when preparing ammonia synthetically from nitrogen and hydrogen with the aid of catalytic agents. Now what I claim is 1.. The process of working with hydro-. gen at a raised temperature and at a pressure exceeding five atmospheres, which corf:

Description

' Pressure, of which UNITED sirAtrEs PATENT orrioa.-
CARL BOSCH, 0F LUDWIGSHAFEN-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO BADISCHE I l ANILIN & SODA'FABRIK, OF LUDWIGSHAEEN-ON-THE-BHINE, GERMANY, A 136R- PORATION.
PROCESS 0]! WORKING WITH HYDROGEN UNDER PRESSURE.
No Drawing. Y
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARL BosoH, citizen of the German Empire, residing at Ludwigshafen on the Rhine, Germany, have in: vented new and useful Improvements in the Process of Working with Hydrogen Under the following is a specification.
In operations in which hydrogen is em ployed under pressure in iron tubes or vessels at high temperatures, if the mechanical solidity of the iron is due to the presence of carbon, the tubes or vessels suffer to such an extent that, after a very short time, they are not able to withstand the high pressure em- Eployed. I have found that this is due to the action of, the hydrogen, ion the carbon in such a manner that the carbon is converted into gaseous compounds and thus removed from the iron. In the specification of application for patent Serial No. 691,731, I have stated that the disadvantage can be overs come by taking care that the wall which has to sustain the pressure is maintained at a temperature not essentially exceeding 40 C. and in that case any sort of, iron which possesses the requisite mechanical solidity can be employed, whether such iron contains much or little carbon or is free from carbon. In continuing my researches inthis direction I have now discovered that operations in which hydrogen is employed under pressures exceeding, say, five atmospheres and at high temperatures, can be carried .out' when the walls of the. tubes or vessels which are supporting the pressure possess a temperature essentially above 450 walls be made of iron in which the requisite mechanical solidity of the metal is secured by alloying therewith a metallic solidity giving element such as chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and the like. In these cases it is indifferent whether the iron employed containscarbon or not, since .even if the iron originally contained carbon Specification of Letters Patent.
0., provided the said gen at a raised temperature and at a pres Patented Feb. 3, 1914.
Application filed June 5, 1913. Serial No. 771,898.
. the high temperature and pressure employed causes the removal of the carbon from the iron, the remaining alloy of the iron and element as aforesaid still possesses 'sufiicient mechanical solidity to prevent the tube or, vessel from giving way under the conditions obtaining.
-As instances of alloys which are suitable for use according to my invention, I mention steel containing 18% of tungsten and 3% of chromium, and steel containin 2.9% of chromium and 0.2% of carbon. prefer to avoid the use of alloys containing too high a percentage of nickel.
The present invention is of great value when preparing ammonia synthetically from nitrogen and hydrogen with the aid of catalytic agents. Now what I claim is 1..The process of working with hydro-. gen at a raised temperature and at a pressure exceeding five atmospheres, which corf:
sists in passing the hydrogen under pressure through an iron tube or vessel the walls ofwhich are maintainedat a temperature essentially above 450 C. and contain a metallic solidity giving element.
'2. The process of working with hydrogen at' a'raised temperature and at apressureexceeding five atmospheres, which consists in passing the hydrogen under pressure.
through an iron tube or vessel the walls of which are maintained at a temperature es-,
sentially above 450 C. and contain a metallic solidity givingrelement, but are practically free from'c'a-rbon.
3. The process of working with hydrosure exceeding five atmospheres,'which consists in passing the hydrogen under pressure through an iron tube or vessel the Walls of which are maintained at'a temperature es: sent-ially above 450 C. and contain chromiumI I l 4. The process of working with hydrogen at a raised temperature and at ap'ressure'exceeding 'five atmospheres, which consi'sts in passing the hydrogen under pressure my hand in the presence of two subscribing through an iron tube or vessel the Walls of witnesses.,
which are maintained at a temperature es- CARL BOSCH. sentially above 450 C. end contain chro- Witnesses: 5 mium, but are practically .free from carbon. J ALEc. LLOYD,
-In testimony whereof I have hereunto set JOSEPH PFEIFFER.
US77189813A 1913-06-05 1913-06-05 Process of working with hydrogen under pressure. Expired - Lifetime US1086130A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77189813A US1086130A (en) 1913-06-05 1913-06-05 Process of working with hydrogen under pressure.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77189813A US1086130A (en) 1913-06-05 1913-06-05 Process of working with hydrogen under pressure.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1086130A true US1086130A (en) 1914-02-03

Family

ID=3154356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US77189813A Expired - Lifetime US1086130A (en) 1913-06-05 1913-06-05 Process of working with hydrogen under pressure.

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US1086130A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2061470A (en) Production of methanol and other carbon compounds and catalytic agents for use therein
US2059893A (en) Manufacture of articles from steel alloys
GB473932A (en) Improvements in the manufacture and production of valuable hydrocarbons and their derivatives containing oxygen from carbon monoxide and hydrogen
US1086130A (en) Process of working with hydrogen under pressure.
US1949109A (en) Reaction with hydrogen and in apparatus therefor
GB271452A (en) A process for the manufacture and production of hydrocarbons
US2132877A (en) Manufacture of articles from steel alloys
GB1049182A (en) Improvements in or relating to a method for synthetically making diamond
GB506905A (en) Improvements in the manufacture of parts of chemical apparatus and other articles from chromium-manganese steel alloys
US1175693A (en) Process of producing tungsten.
US1850316A (en) Catalyst
US1077034A (en) Process of working with hydrogen under pressure.
US3362855A (en) Steel having high resistance to corrosion by ammonia gas at high temperatures and pressures
GB412099A (en) Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sintered hard alloys
US1751933A (en) Production of hydrocyanic acid
US1158167A (en) Production of ammonia.
US1128843A (en) Production of ammonia.
GB298714A (en) Improvements in the manufacture and production of cobalt carbonyl
US1118628A (en) Producing ammonia.
GB197199A (en) Improvements in catalysts more particularly for the synthesis of ammonia
GB150744A (en) Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for the direct synthesis of ammonia
GB1159638A (en) Preparation of Lactams and Ketones by Reaction of Carbon Monoxide with a Nitrocycloalkane
US1725619A (en) Manufacture of iron carbonyl
GB376912A (en) Improvements in or relating to sintered hard metallic alloys
GB191507260A (en) An Improved Process for the Production of Hydrocyanic Acid.