US1085692A - Pulverizer. - Google Patents

Description

W. K. LIGGETT.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED B30215, 1908.

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Patented Feb. 3

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PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 190B.

Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

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WllILLIAM K. LIGGETT, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE JEFFREY MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, .A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PULVERIZER.

Patented Feb. 3,1914. 467,702.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM K. Lreonr'n,

a citizen of the United States, residingat Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizers,.of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying'drawing'. n

This invention relates to pulverizers and has as its object the provision of improved feeding mechanism for delivering the material to the pulverizing chamber, improved construction and mounting of the breaker plates and the screening bars, improved hammer mechanism, and improved arrange ment of the frame parts generally of the machine.

Of the drawings Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the machine as a whole. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectiom taken along the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine with the feed-hopper removed. F 4 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section through one of the bearings. Fig. 5 is an end view, partly in vertical cross-section, of the parts shown in Flgpl. Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary views in longitudinal section illustrating the manner in which the hammers are mounted. Figs. 8 and 9 portingdisks upon a scale rediiced in comparison with that of Figs. 6 and 7. Figs. 10 and 11 show enlarged detail views of one of the hammers. Figs. 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the manner in which the hammer block is adjusted to different positions as it is Worn away. Figs. 15, 16 and. 17 are views of the side frame for sup-porting the screen bars. Figs. 18 and 19 show one of thescreen bar sections. Fig. 20 is a fragmentary perspective View showing the manner inwhich the screen barsections and the side supporting frames are assembled. Figs. 21 and 22 show the plates which are secured to the sides of the casing above the bearings. Fig. 23 shows thejhardened lininterior of the end plates of the casing. p

The frame of the pulverizer consists of the side plates 1 and 2 and the end pieces 3, 3 to which the side plates are bolted. The end frame pieces 3, 3 are each provided with central apertures 4 to receive the main shaft and with vertical slots 5 extending up show one of the hammer-sup '21 having enlarged inner ends wardly from these central apertures, by

means of which. the into position.

The bearings for the shaft each have the upper and lower outer shells 6 and 7 which are bolted together about the shaft. The lower of these shells is provided with a semi-circular flange 8 near its inner end by means of which it is bolted to the semi-circular bosses 9 cast on the end plate 3. Both the upper and lower shells are provided with a flange 10 extending radially outward which is machined to have a smooth surface and which comes flange 11 upon the end piece upon the lower side of the bearing, and on the upper sideol the bearing with the cover plate 12 which is bolted to the upper semi-circular boss 13 upon the end frame piece. The cover plate It is bolted in place over the vertical. slots 5 and in this manner the end of the machine is completely closed so that no dust can find its .way out from the pulverizer shaft can be lowered chamber to the exterior of the machine.

lVithin the shells 6 and 7 is mounted the cylindrical bearing 15, in which is secured the bearing bushing 16. This bearing is provided with the annular flange 17 curved outward in cross sectional contour which engages and bears upon the inwardly projecting cylindrical flange 18 of the bearing shells 6 and 7 and is held in place against longitudinal and rotative displacement with respect thereto by means of the dowel pins 19. fitting within the recess 20 in the flange 18..

The bushing is held against longitudinal and rotative displacement with respect to the bearing 15 by means of the dowel pins 22 and having their outer ends upset to form the rivet heads. 23. The ring oilers 2 t operate in the usual manner to ltibricate the shaft hearing. The chamber 25 is filled with lubricant through the openings 26 which are normally closed by screw plugs. Each of the bearing shells6, 7 is provided with double flanged ends 27 and the annular recess 28 between the flanges is adapted to receivethe felt or other packing by means of which dustis prevented' from entering the bearing and the oil is prevented from leaking out around the shaft. I

The construction of the bearings as a whole and the adjacent. parts of the casing into close contact with the of the machine is such that dust is prevented from entering the hearing or from finding its way out around the bearing to the exterior of the machine, a slight ball-andsocket movement and also end play ofthe shaft is permitted at each side of the machine, protection is aiforded to all of the bearing parts, and the thorough lubrication of the bearing surfaces is elfecte'd without permitting the oil to escape from the hearing chamber.

The shaft 34 has keyed upon it at one end the drive pulley 29 and at the other end the fly-wheel 30. against longitudinal displacement with respect to the shaft, thus also securing the shaft from longitudinal displacement with respect to the machine as a whole.

Upon the shaft and immediately within the end frame pieces 3, 3 of the casingof the machine are keyed the end plates 31, 31. These plates are provided with a circular series of openings 32 therethrough and parallel to the axis of the shaft. A series of disk plates 33 are keyed to the shaft between the end plates 31, and each of'these disks is perforated near its periphery at points 35, 35 corresponding with the perforations 32 in the end plates 31. The disks 33 and end plates 31 are assembled upon the shaft with these perforations in alinement from end to end of the machine, and by means of these perforations the rods 36 are mounted in series about the shaft 34 as a center. The alternate rods of these series are preferably of a larger diameter than the remaining rods and upon these larger rods are mounted the hammer arms 37.

In pulverizers, as heretofore constructed, the hammers, which are usually rectangular parallelepipedons, are pivotally mounted upon the rods 36 between the outer ends of adjacent spider arms. The outer ends of the hammers wear away rapidly under the action ofthe rock and stone as the latter is ground against the concave or grate bars, and they must therefore be frequently replaced. It is one of the objects of this invention to do away with the necessity for frequently replacing these hammers. Accordingly the hammer arms 37, which are pivoted at their inner ends to the rods 36 are enlarged somewhat at their outer ends. Each arm is-bifurcated at its outer end to form a pocket 38, generall rectangular in shape, in which is fastened t 1e hammer block 39. This pocket 38 is open in front and on the outer face of the hammer and has the rear wall 40, the side walls 41, 42, and the bottom 43..

The hammerpieces 39 are blocks with four rectangular edge faces andtwo square side faces. They' are mounted upon the pins' 44 which pass centrally through the hammer blocks and are supported in the side walls These parts are also fixed 41 and 42. 1 That part of the pin which engages with the wall 41'is of a smaller diameter than the remainder of the pin which engages the hammer block and the other side wall 42. The pins can thus be readily inserted in place, the shoulder 45 acting as a stop to prevent longitudinal. displacement of the pin in one direction. As is shown in Fig. 7, the pins of ad acent hammer arms are placed with their large ends toward each other, which arrangement acts to prevent longitudinal displacement of the pins in the other direction. If the hammer arms are spaced across the machine in a manner to leave a gap between adjacent arms, as is often desirable, an lntermediate arm 46 1s mounted, as shown in Fig- 6, to act as an abutment for the pins upon each side of it and prevent their accidental removal from place.

Fig. 12 shows the hammer block in its first position, the dotted line indicating its shape when worn. Since the hammer block is centrally mounted and solidly engages the rear wall 40 of the hammer arm, by removing the pin, giving the block a quarter turn and again replacing the pin, a second edge of the block is available "as a working face This operation can be again repeated, three of the edges of the block being successively presented to the concaves and worn away before it becomes necessary to insert a new block.

The side walls 41 and 42 of the arms are not extended outwardly as far as the hammer block and are not subject to the same de gree of wear and'abrasion. The life of the hammer armsis considerably lengthened by employing the construction herein described and it is seldom necessary to replace the arms or the pins which hold the blocks in place.

The alternate spaces between the disks 33 are regulated and fixed in amount by the filler blocks 47 oirthe rods 36. Rods 49 of smaller diameter than that of rods 36 are mounted in the rows of perforations or apertures positioned alternately between the longitudinal rows .of vapertu res which receive the rods 36. These smaller rods serve as rests for the han'nners when the machine is idle in the manner illustrated by the dotted line representations of the hammers in Fig.

Filler blocks can also be mounted on rods 49 between each two of the disks 33 to assist in spacing the disks and add greater rigidity to the hannncr supporting structure. These alternate rods-of smaller diameter prevent the hammers in adjacent rows from interferi'ng, with each other and becoming entangled, and particularly prevent the outerend of one hamu'icr from becoming caught by the inner end of the hammer in the next adjacent row. a

Between the end frai'nes 3,301 the maary 12, 1907.

chine are bolted the curved plates 50, 51, forming part of the upper casing of the machine. To each of these plates is secured the linings 52 of ,special hardened steel which serve as breaker plates for the material. There is also bolted to the end frames 3, 3, the inclined plate 53 and top breaker plate 54.

T he material is fed to the opening 55 bymeans of the plate feeder 56, reciprocated by means of gcarii'ig-indicated as a whole by 57, which automatically and in a constant stream feeds the material from the hopper 58 to the pulverizing chamber. It will be observed that the material as it falls through the opening first engages the inclined plate 53 from which it falls directly into the path of the moving hammers as they traverse the upper approximately horizontal part of their circular path of rotation. In this way the material is first acted upon by the hanuncrs while it is. moving freelr through the pulverizing chamber and-out of contact with any of the inclosing surfaces of that chamber. It will, of course, be under stooil that the shaft is rota-ting when the machine is in operation at a velocity so great that the material has no opportunity to fall between the hammers but that-all of the material is thrown outwardly with great force first againstthe breaker plates 54 and 52 and afterward against the other grinding surfaces of the pulverizer. These grinding surfaces consist of the adjustable breaker- .plate 59 and the screen bar concaves 60 and (31. The adjustable breaker plate 59 can be moved horizontally toward and away from the hammers by means of the adjusting screws (32. This mechanism has been described and illustrated and claimed in in application, Serial No. 357,072, filed Febru- The-screen bar concave 60 consists of the end supporting frames 63, {33, and the screen bars 64. The end frames 63 are each pivotally secured to theend frame pieces 3, 3 of the machine as a whole at their upper ends, as shown at 65, and at their lower ends rest upon the wedge-shaped supports 66. By adjusting these supports 66 toward and away from the transverse central plane of the machihe, the loiver end of the concave 60 is lifted toward or lowered away from the hammers. The eid frames 63 are keyed upon the shaft to which they are secured to prevent longitudinal displacement and near their lower ends they are likewise joined by means of the tie-rod 67. These end frames 63 are provided with curved grooves 68 which are adapted to receive the ends of the screen bar section's. The screen bars 64 are riveted together in sections, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, filler blocks'69 being used at the ends of the screen bars and at one or more points intermediate the ends of the weighted lever 7 8.

one rigid structure. The scre'en bar section shown in Figs. 18 and 19 is offset at the ends to provide shoulders 70 adapted to en age the shoulders 71 at the lower end of t e grooves 68. It is to bind. the bars into evident that because of this manner of as sembling the parts,

they can be readily disassembled which see re th'ejend' frames 63 to the pivot rod 5 and tie-rods 67 and moving these end frames may from each other. At the same time when the :parts are assembled the screen bars are held firmly in position. By the manner in which the screen bars are rigidly secured together with rivets and filler blocks, both at their ends and at intermediate points, it is possible to continue operating the machine after one of the bars has become broken, the adjacent parts holding the broken fiends temporarily in position. The creen bar concave (31 is made up of parts similar to the parts of concave 60 and it is likewise pivoted at its upper end to the end frame pieces 3, 3 of the machine by means of the cross-rod 72. To each end of the tie-rod 73, by which the lower parts of the two screen bar supporting frames 7a are held at a fixed distance from each other, is pivotally secured a. link 75. The other end of each of these links 75 is pivoted to a second link 76 which is rigidly secured to the cross-rock shaft 77, the latter being piv-. otally mounted in hearings in the ends of the machine; This shaft can be rocked by means When the lever is in the horizontal position, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, the concave 61 is in operative relation with the other parts of the machine. When the lever 78 is thrown to its upper position the lower end. of the concave 61 is lowered and the pnlverizing chamber can be cleaned or freed from metallic pieces or other undesirable objects which may have accidentally found their way into the pulverizing chamber. v

The end frame pieces 3, 3 of the machine are interiorly faced with the hardened steel lining plates 79 which fromthe Wear to which they are subjected from contact with flying particles of material. These plates do not extend inwardly toward the. oenter of the machine, but con sidered together constitute diameter of which is approximately the di-- ameter of th disks 33 and the outer diameter of whi'clr is the diameter of the pulverizing chamber. This ring is, however, provided with an upward extension to protect those parts of the end pieces 3, 3 which lie adjacent to opening 55 and the top breaker plate 54. V

What I claim is:

1. In a. pulverizer, the combination of a rotatable radial arm, medially recessed at its outer end to form a. pocket open in front a ring, the inner 1 simply loosening the screws protect the end plates.

and at the outer edge of the arm, the pocket having side walls and a rear wall, a pin seagainst the rear wall.

' '2. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable radial arm having formed thereon a plane face approximately perpendlcular ;to"the circles of rotation of the arm, a prismatic wearing block having a plurality of plane side faces, and means for securing the block with its prismatic axis parallel to the axis of rotation of. the arm and in front'of the plane face of the arm and with any one of its said plane faces flatly in contact with the plane face of the arm.

3. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality of radial arms pivoted thereto in axial rows, each of said arms being bifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pins mounted in and between each pair of the said bifurcations, hammer blocks mounted on the pins, means for preventing the axial displacement of each pin in one direction with respect to its arm, and means for preventing the axial displacement of the adjacent pin of the same row in the'ot-her direction with respect to its arm, all of the pins in each rowpxially alining with each other.

4. The combination ina pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality of radial arms pivoted thereto in axial rows, each of said arms being bifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pins mounted in and betweeneach pair of the said bifurcations, hammer blocks mounted on the pins, means for preventing axial displacement of each pin in one direction with respect to its arm, means for preventing the axial displacement ofthe next'adjacent pin of the same row in the other direction with arms being bifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pins mounted in and between each pair of the said bifurcations, and hammer blocks mounted on the pins, mating shoulders being formed on each pin and one of the bifurcations supporting it to prevent axial displacement in one direction, the pins of each adjacent pair being thereby prevented from displacement in directions away from each other, the two pins being in axial alinement. with each other.

6. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality of radial arms pii'oted thereto in axial rows, each of said rows being bifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pins mounted in and between each pair of the said bifurcations, and hammer blocks mounted on the pins, mating shoulders being formed on each pin and one of the bifurcations supporting it to prevent axial displacement in one direction, the pins of each adjacent pair being thereby prevented from displacement in directions away from each with each other, and an "abutment member mounted to occupy the space between the ends of the two pins.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

\VILLIAM K. LIGGETT.

lVitnesses:

W. HAnnooK, J 0s. 'Wnnsrnn.

' other, the two pins being an axial alinement

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