US945160A - Pulverizer. - Google Patents

Description

l H. A. GOBTZ.

' PULvBRIzER. APPLICATION FILED HAY 5, 1908.

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Patented Jan -4, 1910.

2 SBETS-SEBET I.

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PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5,1908.

Patented Jan.4, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

anuantoz with n ,thefollowing is UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY A. GOETZ, 0F NEW ALBANY, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN PULVERIZER COMPANY, 0F ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION 0F MISSOURI.

PULVERIZER.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 4, '1910.

Application tiled May 5, 1908. Serial No. 431,035.

To all whom itmay concern:

'4 Be it known-that I, .HENRY A. GoETz, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Albany, in the county of Floyd and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizers, of which a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to pulverizi'no machines and has for its object to provi e improved hammer mechanism, improved grindi mg concaves and screens and an improved general arrangement of the casing and `frame parts.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a ulverizer containing my improvements. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the lower part of the pulverizer, the conveying devices bein lremoved. Fig. 3 is a sectional view in e evation of the-machine. Figs.'4L and 5 show -the construction of the hammers yand hammer supporting mechanism.` Fig. 6 is a detail sectlonaljview. of the feeder housing tak'en in a plane at right angles tothe plane of Fig. 3 looking toward the front of the machine and along the line 6 6 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 1 designates the base on which is mounted and to which is suitably secured the casing 2. I prefer to make the base l and casing 2 as generally rectangular, box-like structures, with the open top of the base lying next to the openbottom of the casing. In the" top of the side walls of the base and preferably between the base and the casing are mounted suitable bearing boxes for the hammer-carrying shaft 3.

The opposite side walls 5--5 of the upper casing 2 are made with semicircular recesses 6-G 1n their lower edges. The semicircular plates 717 aresecured to the side walls 5-5 over theserecesses by means of ca screws 8 A and it closely around the bearing oxes 4.

The great speed at which the main shaft 3 rotates-when the machine 'is in o eration, and the heavy work done b the iiammers which it carries, requires requent rebabi bitting of the bearing boxes 4. In machines as usually built heretofore, it has been necessary to remove the entire upper portion of the machine housin to rebabbitt the bearing boxes. When 1t becomes necessary to rebabbitt a machine constructed according ment.

to this invention, the side plates/7 are removed, the upper and lower halves of the bearing boxes separated and the shaft raised from its usual position, ready access being thereby given to the bearing box parts.

The shaft 3 carries `the hammer-supporting bars 9 having the radially extending arms l0 and the central hubs 1l. These hubs 11, which are 'of relatively greater thickness than the arms which theyI carry, abut against one another in a continuous row and are secured in any desirable manner against rotation with respect to the shaft 3, as by thc key l1". These hammer supports may have any desired number of arms, those in the drawings being shown for the purpose of illustration with four such arms, each two of the arms being 90 apart. The hammer supports are arranged in two sets, each set comprising alternate supports. As to the position of the arms, the supports in one set are displaced 45 with respect to the supports of the other set. Mounted in the outer' ends of the arms 10 are the cross rods 12 which extend from end to end of the machine.

The outer hammer supports upon each end of the shaft are diiierently constructed from the others, each of these end supports being a disk plate 13 provided at its center with a hub 14: and at its periphery with the outwardly extending rim angel5. The cross rods 12 of each helical series are extended through these end plates 13 and secured by split pins 16 against longitudinal displace- Upon these cross rods 12 the hammers are pivotally mounted in helical rows about the circumference of the machine. rlhe angular displacement between Ieach two sets of hammer supports makes this helical` the whole grinding concave is covered by one half revolution of the shaft. Other advantages gained by this helical arrangement of the hammers are the lack of vibration, especially in comparison with a machine of the lolder type, where several hammers 1n one row may becomey worn more than the hammers in another row; a more uniform and gradual attack on fresh material; ease of starting the machine from rest; and decreased proba-bility of the machine becoming clogged.

Broadly speakiiw, hammers constructed according to my invention are made with working surfaces presenting a curvilinear contour in cross sectional planes. One con venient and easily manufactured hammer with such a curvilinear working surface vis of the hammers willl be vto draw the material under and between the hammers and concave. It will also be observed that the hammer is yieldable centrally so that when sudden obstructions, such as unusually large pieces of material or metal,parts accidentall-y fed to the machine are encountered, they are passed without injury to the hammers or to the machineA generally. In addition to striking the material these hammers also roll upon and, due to centrifugal force, crush the material against the concave. I find in practice that these hammers can be made of cast iron with chilled wearing surfaces, whereas the hammers formerly used were made for durability of expensive carbon steel.

I have also shown in the drawings an alternate form of hammer 17 which I have found' desirable to use in conjunction with the ring` hammer 16a. These hammers 17 are similar to the common hammers now in use, with the exception thattheir 'outer ends are enlarged and rounded so as to have a working face similar to the working face of the ring hann'ners 1G22 I have found it desirable for grinding most kinds of material to combine with the two kinds of hammers already described or with the ring` hammers alone, hammers of the well known plane bar type, indicated on the drawings by 18. These hammers serve not only to pulverize the material by attrition but also serve to stir up and agitate any material which ythe other hammers have compress-'ed against' the grinding surface.

The easing 2 is eiilarged upwardly above the rotary parts. The material which is thrown by the hammers into the empty space 19, thus'formed in the upper part of lthe casing,

K/ strikes other particles of material which have been previously thrown 'against the u-pper top wall of the casing. or which may be falling from the feed opening. This impact of the pieces of material, one upon the other, assists in the pulverizing process, and the heat lgenerated by the attrition causes the moisture to be evaporated from damp material and obviates the necessity for steam heating pipes, such as are now very commonly used.

The feed ,opening 2O is situated in that side of the small housing 21, mounted on top of the casing, which is flush with the side wall of the casing. 'lhe feed opening is therefore out of line with the material which moves upward under the blows of the hainmers, and nothing can be at. any time ejected from the casing. 'This feed opening is protected by the inwardly swinging door '22. The air `pressure generated by the rapidly moving hammersis suilicient to keep this door normally closed, while, at the same time, fresh material can be readily fed into the machine, pushing the door QQ inwardly open as it enters, I prefer to make the door,

of yiel'dable cloth. l

The grinding concaves` 23, 24. and 25 are,

-mounted in close proximity tothe lower half of the outer circles of rotation of the hammers. The first of these concavesI Q3 is im perforate and mounted at its lower end upon the hinge rod 27. The upper extremity 28 rests in fixed position upon the rod 29. The rods 27 and 29 are secured in the side walls of the base. rlhe forward end of the lower concave 24E, which is likewise imperforate, is pivotally mounted upon the rod 30 which is carried by the walls of the base. The rear end of this concave 24 is adjustable about its forward end as an axis, the proximityof the rearend to the outer ends ofthe hammers determiningl the degree of tineness to which the material is ground the rolling or rubbing.v

action of the hammers 16a and 17 tending to crush the material against the concaves 23 and Q4 until the materialis pulverized to a degree of tineness such that the hammers can no longer act upon it. The nuiterial'is gradually forced along by the continued action of the hammers, until it is finally discharged through the space in the con'cave25. The

adjustment of the concave 24 is effected by means of the wedge block Si.. The position of the wedge is changedby loosening the nuts 33 and'moving the bolt 34, fixedly carj ried by this wedge block, baclnvard and forward i-n the slots 35 of the base walls. The third andi-ear grinding concave is formed of a plurality of bars spaced apart and hinged at one end'. as in the drawings at their lower end, by means of the hook 36, to the hinge rod-37 vand at their other end,

supported in position the rod 3S which engages the ange 39 of the grate bars.

-more easily yticularly when the material is of a damp and These grate bars are spaced apart in any suitable manner. As shown in the drawings, the barsl are all cast in one piece, adjacent bars being integrally connected at each end.

The circumferential. as against transverse arran ement ofthe slots of the concave, has the a vantage of allowing the material to be ejected from the machine, parsticky character. It is almost im ossible to clog a machine equipped witlrthis kind of a grinding concave. The wear upon the bars is also considerably less, and the liability of the bars being bent decreased.

The endless bucket conveyer, indicated as a whole at 40, is mounted to pass veryclose to the rear concave and to carry the material away from the outside face of the concave as fast as it is thrown through the openings. Considerable difficulty has'been ex erienced 'in-the clogging of the openings o the concaves, as the conveyers genera ly used have been ofthe horizontally moving type, upon which the material hasobeen dropped. By using a bucket conveyer and causing the scooping edges of the buckets to cut close to the outside surface of the concave, any clogging of thematerial in the concave opening is effectuallj; prevented.

The base of the machine is provided with extending-lateral guard plates 4l hinged to swing outwardly on the hinges 43 and the floor 42, yboth walls and floor adapted to lie very close to the edges of the buckets of the conveyer as they' pass in front of the discharge opening. By this device, the material is prevented from clogging the discharge opening, very little dustescapes; and ready access can be had to the lower end of the conveyer and adjacent parts of the pulverizing machine by swinging back the side guards 41.

When it becomes necessary to have access to the interior of the machine or to replace a worn concave, the supporting rods 27, 28, 30, 37, 3S can be readily removed and the concaves taken from position. If the conveyer above described is not used, the forward or rear concave can ybe freed at its upper end and swung down to permit inspection and cleaning of the interior of the machine. y,

When the material to be ground is extremely wet or sticky so that it would tend to-clog the grate or slotted concave 25, the lattermay be entirely removed from the machine by withdrawing the rods 37 and 38,

thu'spermitting the pulverized `material toy be freely discharged from the pulverizer and removed by the conveyer O. What I claim isl l 1. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, grinding rings mounted on the hammer carrying mechanism, so as to' be free to rotate on their own axes and so as to be -centrally yieldable, hammers pivotally mounted on the said hammer carrying mechanism and a concave grinding surface adapted to coperate with thev rings and hammers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, grinding rings "mounted on' the hammer carrying mechanism, so as to be free to rotate on their own axes 4and so as to be cei'ltrallyyieldable, hammers pivotlally mounted on the said hammer carrying mechanism, and a concave discharge grating adapted to cooperate with the rings and hammers, substantially as set forth.

43. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a Vconcave grinding surface, a concave discharge'grating, rotatable hammer carrying mechanlsm, grlnding rings mounted on the hammer carrying mechanism so as to be free to rotate on their own axes, so as to be centrally yieldable, and'so as lto be capable of swinging laterally in relation to the hammer carrying mechanism, and hammers pivotallv mounted on the said hammer carrying mechanism and adapted to agitate the material 011 the grinding surface and onI thedischargegrating, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotatable horizontal shaft, hammer supports mounted on the shaft, supporting pins parallel to the shaft and passing through the hammer supports, hammers mounted on the pins, some of the hammers being grinding rings free to revolve upon the pins about their own axes and some of the hammers being rectangular and pivotbottom in close proximlty to the rings and hammers, substantially as set forth.

5. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with a rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, of a plurality of grinding rings mounted on the hammer carrying mechanism so as. to be free to rotate on their own axes, and hammers pivotally mounted on the hammer carrying mechanism, each pivoted hammer being behind and overlapping a grinding ring, and a concave grindlng bottom in close proximity to the rings and hammers, substantially as set forth.

6. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with a rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, of a plurality of grinding rings mounted on the hammer carrying mechanism so as to be free to rotate about their own axes, and hammers pivotally mounted `on the hammer carrying mechanism, each pivoted hammer being behind and overlapping a grinding ring', an imperforate ally mounted upon the pins, and a grinding forth.

7. Ina pulverizing machine, the combination of a supporting structure, a rotatable ringj,y carrying mechanism, crushing rings,

mounted on the ring carrying mechanism so to be centrally yieldable and capable 1 ofy rotation about their own axes, a concave grinding surface adapted to cooperate with the said crushing rings, the said surface being provided with discharge slots parallel to the motion of the rings and located at the end of the grinding surface, substantially as set forth.

8. In a' pulverizing machine, the coinbination of a concave pulverizing surface,

a concave discharge grating, a rotatable shaft, hannners ha ving convex working siii'- faces with radii less than the radius of the pulverizing surface and discharge grating, the said hammers being so mounted onC the 'shaft as to be yieldable centrally, to be caable of swinging .laterally in relation to the shaft and capable yof rolling in relation to the pulverizing surface and discharge grating, a part of the pulverizing surface being adjustable toward or away -from the hammers, substantially as set fort-h.

9.v In a pulverizinginachine, the combination of a concave pulverizing surface, a rotatable shaft, hammers having convex Working surfaces with radii less than .the

radius of the pulverizing surface, the said- 4whamirers being so mounted on the shaft as to be centrally yieldable, to be capable of swinging laterally in relation to the shaft,

and capable of rolling in relation to the pulverizing surface, a part of the pulverizing surface being adjustable toward or away from the hammers, substantially as set forth.

10. In a pulverizing'machine, the combination with a frame and casing, of rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, a pivotally supported imperforate concave bottom grinding plate, a longitudinally movable Wedge support-ing the free end of said grinding plate, fastening bolts rigidly car-V ried by said wedge and projecting through the said grinding bottom and screen; being in close proximity to the t t the side walls of the casing, nuts for clamping said bolts in position and a horizontal y support for said wedge, substantially as forth.

11. In a -pulverizing machine,` the com- Ibnation of a rotatable hammer carrying mechanism, grinding cylinders mounted on the hammer ,carrying mechanism, ia casing surrounding said hammer cai rying mechanism vand having a feed open- |ing, a grinding surface adapted tocol operate with the grinding cylinders and a discharge opening, a grating normally-.covlering the discharge opening and adapted to be removed therefrom, the said grating being also adapted toA cooperate when in normal position with the grinding cylinders, the feed opening and the discharge opening being located on opposite sides of theham- 12. In a pulverizing machine, the coins` bination of a rotatable ring carrying mecht anism, rings mounted on the said mechanism, so as to be centrally yieldable and capable l of rotation about their own axes, a concave l `grinding surface beneath. the rings and eX- tending-through approximately 1809, and a casing inclosing anempty space above the hammers, substantially as setforth.

13. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotary horizontal hammer carryingmechanism, rings mounted on-the said hammer carrying mechanism, so as to be Vcentrally yieldable and capable of rotation about their own axes, a concave grinding surface adapted to coperate with the said ring hammers, and a casing inclosing an empty space above the hammers, the said casing having a feed opening so located that the entering material will fallu directly. upon the hammers, substantially as set forth. l

In testimony whereof I affix my signatwo witnesses.

HENRY A. GOETZ.

l ture, in presence of Witnesses:

J. F. GRUBBs, E. E. KAPPER.

nier mechanism whereby material passing' lIt is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 945,160, grunted January 4, 1910, upon the application of Henry A. Goetz, `of New Albany, Indiana, for an improvement in Pulverizers, an error appears in the printed ,specification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 2, for the word gate read grate;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

, Signed and sealed this 5th day of March, A. D., 1912.

C. C. BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

[SEAL]

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