US1084698A

US1084698A - Controller for electric motors.

Info

Publication number: US1084698A
Application number: US72603012A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jay H Hall
Original assignee: Electric Controller and Manufacturing Co LLC
Current assignee: Electric Controller and Manufacturing Co LLC
Priority date: 1912-10-16
Filing date: 1912-10-16
Publication date: 1914-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 1931-01-20

Description

, d HIHALL. CONTROLLER FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED 0GT.16,1912.

' 1,084,698. Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 'SHBETSSHEET 1.

IWITNEKSSTSES 11v VE'N TOR.

J/MM- 4 'ZF./k- M A TTOR/VE Y.

J. H. HALL.

CONTROLLER FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED 0CT.16, 1912v 1,084,698. Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-"SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: 11v VLN TOR. 6 V M v /%M I fiTORNE y.

. 1 .osacos.

prormnents in Controllers for cuit has diminished to a certain value.

UNITED sirnrrns PATENT onnion.

JAY H, HALL. OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRIC CONTROLLER AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A'CORPORATION OF OHIO.

CONTROLLER Specification of Letters Patent.

FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

Patented Jan. 2'0, 1914..

Application filed October 16, 1912. Serial No. 726,030.

To all whom it may; concern:

Be it known that I, JAY H. HALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of (luyahoga and State of Ohio, have inrented new anduseful 'Im- Electric Motors,ot which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to controllers for electric motors, particularly thattype of controller in which ,magnetically operated switches are used to make the proper connections for starting a motor and safely bringing it up to speed.

My invention relates more specifically to an arrangement whereby the motor is first connected to the supply circuit through a transformer and then connected directly to the supply circuit.

One of the objects of my invent-ion is to prevent. the connection of the motor directly to the supply circuit until the current in the motor has diminished to' a certain value while it is connqzted through the transformer.

Another objcct'is to effect the change from the starting connection to the running connection without the use of the numerous auxiliary contacts and relays, as heretofore.

in carrying out my i vention I provide a magnetically operated starting switch for first connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, and a second magnetically operated running switch for connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit. The circuit of the winding of the starting switch is controlled by a current limit relay, so that the winding is not. deenergized until the current in the motor cir- The relay has its winding energized by current prop rtional to that taken by the motor in starting. The relay in operating not only opens the circuit of the starting switchwinding, but short circuits a resistance in the circuit of the running switch winding. As soon as the starting switch opens the circuit of the running switch winding is completed and the running switch immediately closes, connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, whereupon it ac elerates to normal speed. I prefer to place the operating winding of the-relay in the starting circuit of the motor so that it will be deenergized during the running period of the motor, and 1 provide means for delaying the return of the relay to its normal position until the running switch has closed its contacts.

Other objects of my invention will hereinafter appear.'-

Referringto the Figures 1 and 2 are wiring diagrams show ing two" different arrangements embodying my invention.

In these drawings 1 is an electromotor supplied with current through the switch 2. In Fig. 1 a transformer L is connected to the supply circuit through the contacts of the switch and the motor J taps on the transformer for starting thro the contacts of the switch 6. After the in tor has accelerated to a point where the current in the motor circuit has diminished to a certain value. the contacts of the switcl'i 6 are opened and the switch 12 is then closed, connecting the motor through its contacts directly to the supply circuit. The relay which controls the operation of the switches, has its winding connected between the motor accompanying drawings,

and the transformer, but proper operation can be secured by connecting the relay winch mg between the transformer and the supply circuit. or directly in the motor circuit itself.

The relay 9 is that type of relay shown in rlastwoods Patent No. 1,040,292, which is arranged to remain in its unoperated position when the currentin .the winding is above a predetermined value, and be moved to the operated position by its winding when the current therein diminishes to that value.

I have placed oppositethis relay the legend Lock open, to indicate this type of switch. Upon closure of the master switch 7, the windings 5 and'ti of the switches 5 and 6 are energized by the following circuit: from the supply circuit through the master switch 7, and the contacts 12 which are closed when the switch 19. is opened to the point 13, where the circuit divides, one branch passing through the winding 5 to the other 'side of the supply circuit, and the other branch passing through the contacts 9" which are normally closed. when the winding of the relay 9 is denergined or unoperated, and through the winding 6 to'the other side of the supply circuit. The switches and 6 immediately close their contacts, and current is supplied to the motor thronghthe windings of the transformer 4. Prior to the closure of the switch 6 current flows through iii? ' and deenergizes the relay winding 9.

the winding 12 of the switch 12, the resistance 11, and the contacts 6 of the switch (3; but the current in the winding 12, limited by the resistance 11, is not sutlicient to close the switch 12. If the current which flows through the operating winding of the relay 9 exceeds a predetermined Yalue, it locks the relay in its normal position as shown in the drawing; and as the motor increases its speed and the current in the relay winding diminishes, the relay operates to open the contacts 9 andclose the contacts 9. The holding winding 9 on the relay is connected to the supply circuit through the contacts of the switch and is en zed upon the closure of this switch, but it has not sufiicient energy to cause the relay to operate. "t will however, hold the relay in its operated position after it has been operated by the winding As soon as the relay contacts 9 are opened, the n ding 6 deenergized, and the switch opens and disconnects the motor from the transformer The relay, however, remains in its operated position, since the holding winding 9 is still energized through the contacts ofthe switch 5. Upon the return of the switch 6 to its open position, its contacts 6 are closed therehy establishing a circuit through the winding 12*- oi the switch 12 as follows: from the supply circuit, through the master switch .7, the winding 12, through the contacts '9 of the relay, and the contacts 6 to the other side of'the supply circuit. The switch 12 immediately closes and connects the motor through its contacts directly to the supply circuit, and the motor accelerates to its normal speed. The closure of the switch 12 opens its auxiliary contacts 12, thereby deenergizing the winding 5, causing the switch 5 to open and disconnect the transformer from the supply circuit. The holding winding 9 of the relay is now decnergized, allowing the relay to return to its normal position, opening its contacts c and e resistance 11in the circuit of inserting th 12, but the current in the the winding ing is not sul'ficiently reduced thereby to cause the switch 12 to open. The relay closes ts contacts 9", but the winding 6 does not become QDBI' 'lZCLl since its circuit is now a, 7 rr- I opened at the contacts r2. lo stop the motor the switch 7 is o ened thereh deener 'ia 7 J 2:

111g the winding 12 opens its contacts, discon sets the motor l l l l I l I I wind- 12, whereupon the switch from the supply circuit, aid closes its con.'

tacts 12", placing for restarting the the master switch In Fig, 2, the contacts of the switch 8 connect the transformer 4: to the supply circuit, and also connect on the transformer.

the controller in position motor upon the closure of Upon closure of the the motor to the taps possess switch 2 a circuit is established through the winding 3, which goes from one side of the supply circuit through the switch 12, the contacts 9* of the relay, and the winding 3 to the other side of the supply circuit. A circuit is also established ing 12", the resistance 11, and the contacts 3 but the resistance 11 limits the current in this circuit to a value which is not suflicient to operate the switch 12." The switch' 3 by contacts, thereby connecting the transform 1' 4- to the supply circuit through the contacts 3" and 3 and-the motor to the taps on the transformer through the contacts 3 and 3, The relay winding 9 current which passes through the "transformer, and if the current in this winding is above a predetermined value, the relay, which is ofthe same type as the relay shown in Fig. 1, will lock its movable its initial position until the current is rc duced to that value, whereupon the contacts 9 will be opened and the contacts 9 will be closed. The opening of the contacts 9* deenergizes the winding 8, the switch 3 opens its contacts and disconnects the motor from the transformer, Upon the closure of the contacts 3 the winding 12 is fully energized, the limiting resistance 11 being short-circuitcd by the re tacts 9. he switch 12 now closes its contacts, connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, whereupon the motor accelerates to its normal speed. The switch 12 in operating opens the contacts 12 preventing the flow of current through the winding 3 upon the closure of the relay contacts 9 when the relay returns to its initial position. in order to prevent the relay from opening its contacts 9 inunc- 105 diately upon the decnergization of its operating winding by the opening of the switch 3, I provide a dashpot 9 for causing the relay to slowly return to its initial position, thereby giving the switch 12 ample 110 of the contacts are once closed.

troller in a position for the next operation 125 in starting the motor.

I claiml. The combination of an induction motor,

through the windthe energy of the winding 3, closes its,

is energized by the member in 35 whereupon 9o lay conthereby the winding 12 the switch will 1;

opened, 1123 a supply circuit, a transformer, switch for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, an operating winding therefor, contacts in series with the winding, and an operating coil for the contacts energized by current through the motor.

2. The combination of an induction motor, a supply circuit, a'transformer, a starting switch for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, a running'switch for connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, operating windings for the said switches, a resistance in series with the running switch winding, switch contacts for short circuiting the resistance, and an operating winding for the switch contacts energized by current through the motor.

3. The combination of an induction motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, a starting switch for connecting the motor to the sup ply circuit through the transformer, a running switch for connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, operating windings for the said switches, switch contacts in series with the windings, and an operating winding for the switch contacts energized by current through the motor.

The combination of aninductiou motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, a starting switch'for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, a running switch for connecting the motor di rectiy to the supply circuit, operating windings for the said switches, contacts in series with each winding controlled by the other winding, and contacts in series with each winding operated by a winding energized by the motor current.

o. in an induction motor controller, in com liiation, starting switch, a running switch, operating windings therefor, a relay having winding energized by current in the motor circuit upon the closure of the starting switch, contacts in the circuit of the starting switch winding normally closed by the relay, normally open contacts in the circuit of the running switch winding closable by the relay when operated, means for deenergizing the relay winding before the closure of the running switch, and means for preventing the immediate return of the relay to its normal position when its winding is deenergized.

6. The combination of an induction motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, magnetically-operated contacts for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the t unsformer, means automatically operated for opening the said contacts only when the currenttaken by the motor in starting is below a certain value, magnetically operated contacts vfor connecting the motor directly to a starting the supply circuit,

l t l i l t and means controlled by and by the opening of the, causing the closure of the the motor current first contacts for second contacts.

7. In combination, an induction motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, magneticallyoperated contacts for first connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer and then connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, a relay having, normally closed contacts for con rolling ll"! 15 connection of the motor to the transformer, and normally open contacts for controlling the connection of the motor directly to the supply circuit, the relay moving its contacts to thcir operated position only when the 30 starting current of the motor is below a certain value, and 'means for holding the contacts in their operated position after the motor is disconnected from the transformer.

8. In combination, an induction.motor, a as supply circuit, a transformer, magneticallyoperated contacts for first connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer and then connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, a relay controlling the connection of the motor to the transforme and the connection of the motor to the supply circuit, an operating winding therefor energized by current through the transformer, and a holding winding for the relay adapted to be connected to the supply circuit.

9. In coi'nliinalion, an induction motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, magneticallyopcrated contacts for first connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer and then connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit,'a relay having normally closed contacts for controlling the connection-20f the motor to the transformer, and normally open contacts for controlling the connection of the motor directly to the supply circuit, an operating winding for the relay energized by current through the transformer, and a holding winding for the relay connected to the supply circuit,

10. The combination of an electric motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, a starting switch for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, a running switch for connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, operating windings for the said switches, a relay for causing the opening of the starting switch and the closing of the running switch, an opcrating winding therefor energized by current in the motor circuit, means for deenergizing said winding when the starting switch opens, and means for holding the relay in its operated position until the running switch is closed.

11. T he combination of an electric motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, a starting switch for connecting the motor to the supply circuit through the transformer, a running switch for connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, operating Windings for the said switches, a relay for causing the opening of the starting switch and the closing of the running switch, an operating winding therefor energized by current in the motor circuit, means for deenergizing said Winding when the starting switch opens, and a shunt Winding for the relay for holding it in its operated position. The combination of an electric motor,

a supply circuit, a transformer, a starting s it w for CO1 fleeting the motor to the supongh the transformer, a on for connecting the motor supply circuit, operating sid switches, relay cons of said windings, and a "y connected in the motor Ill . an electric motor, a tranmormer, a starting cting the motor to the supgh the transformer, a runfor connecting the motor diupply circuit, operating Windswitches, relay contacts in said windings, and means for relay contacts only when the Teen: In

ction motor controller, in starting switch, a running energized. by current in upon the closure of the ntacts in the circuit of the windings therefor, a relay starting switch Winding normally closed by the relay, normally open contacts in the circuit of the ru ing switch winding closable by the relay when operated, means for opening the normally closed contacts and for closing the normally open contacts, and means for operating the said. contacts from their normal positions only when the current in the motor circuit is below a predetermined value.

15. In combination, an induction motor, a supply circuit, a transformer, magneticallyoperated contacts for first connecting the motor to. the supply circuit through the transformer and then connecting the motor directly to the supply circuit, a relay con trolling the connection of the motor to the transformer and the connection of the motor to the supply circuit, an operating Winding therefor energized by current through the transformer, and means for preventing the return of the relay to its initial position until after the motor is connected directly to the supply circuit.

1G. In an electric controller, an alternating current motor, a starting switch, a running switch, operating windings for said switches, means for preventing the simultaneous energization of both windings, and means responsive to the current through the motor for automatically causing the sta. ting switch to open and the running switch to close. I

Signed at Cleveland, @hio, this lth day of October, A. D. 1912.

Witnesses R. H. Bnnnm'r', W. M. Dznnnn.