US1080383A - Recuperator. - Google Patents

Description

P. STAMMSOHULTE.

REGUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 13110.22, 1910.

Patented De@.2,1913.

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P. STAMMSOHULTE.

RECUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. zz, 1910.

Patented Dec. 2, 1913,

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RBGUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DB0.22,1910.

1,080,383. Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

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FRIEDRICH STAMIVISCHULTE, OF TORGAU, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE CORPO- RATION OF DELLWIK-FLEISCHER WASSERGAS GESELLSCHAFT M. B. H., OF FBANKEORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY.

RECUPERATOR.

Specieation of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 22,1910.

Patented Bec. 2, 19113.

Serial No. 598,736.

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, Fntnnmcii STAMM- soI-IUL'rn, mining engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, and resident of Torgau, Germany, with the post-oflice address Bahnhofstrasse 13, have invented new and useful Improvements in Recupcrators, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a furnace construction, which has one recuperator only in place of the gasand air-regenerators, this recupe lator, however, being reversible, contrary to other known recuperativc systems, and thereby combining the advantages of the regenerative and the recuperative systems. The furnace may be constructed as a smelting or heating furnace, and with either one or two hearths. The invention contemplates the use of water gas as a preferable heating agent rather than common producer gas for the reason that the formler has highercaloric properties than the latter and does not require preliminary heating. As the recuperator is continuously heated by the exhaust gases, the air will be heated progressively to higher temperatures and is reversed only, when this becomes necessary in consequence of the high temperature of the furnace. The periods of reversing may be limited to a minimum, reversing being necessary only, when the heads of the upper part of the furnace are being` severely attacked by the exhaust gases. The periods at whi-ch the furnace will have to be reversed, depend on the operation of the furnace and can obviously not be determined in advance; generally it may, however, be taken as granted, that at most one-third as many' reversals will be necessary with the present system, as with the regenerative system. The frequent reversal, which is unavoidable in finishing a charge in the regenerative furnace. for the purpose of obtaining a heat as great and as uniform as possible, is entirely obviated with the present system.

The operation of the reeuperator differs from that of other rccuper'ator systems, in that it does not possess separate tlues for the air and the combustion gases, but that the same tlues conduct alternately air or combustion gases according to the respective position of the controlling valves, and the furnace will thus afford together with a considerably simplified construction also the advantages of the regenerative system.

The advantages of the recuperator com-- pared with those of the regenerator consist in the smaller space required, a lower cost of construction, easier attendance and cleaning' and less repairing expense.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l shows one form of the furnace; Fig. 2 is a twin-furnace on a larger scale and Figs. 3 to 8 illustrate various modes of running this twin-furnace. Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the recuperator taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 3; Fig. l0 is a vertical section of the recuperator taken on line l0-l0 of Fig. 8; Fig. l1 is a horizontal section of the recuperator taken on line ll--ll of Fig. l0; Fig. l2 is a vertical transverse section taken on line lQ-lQ of Fig. 9; and Fig. 13 is a vertical transverse section taken on line iSv-13 of Fig. 9.

In Fig. l A is lthe smelting chamber, B the recuperator, C a change valve and D the chimney. E are openings through which either the heated air enters, or the combustion gases escape. The plain arrows indicate the current of the air being heated on its way to the smelting chamber, the feathered arrows the path of the combustion gases from the smelting chamber to the chimney. By reversing the furnace the air-passages are converted into passages for the combustion gases, which by reversing the valve C will not escape into the open air but into the chimney D. Referring more particularly to Figs. l, 3, 5 and 7, and following the direction indicated by the arrows, it will be seen that the incoming air indicated by the plain arrows enters the recuperator through the lower horizontal duct l and is then distributed to a series of vertical end ducts 2. A series of horizontal fines 3 communicate with the said vertical duct-s 2 and conducts the air through the recuperator to a chamber i at thc opposite end thereof. From the chamber 4, the air passes througl'i the outlet 5 to the furnace. It leaves the furnace in the vform of waste gases and enters the recuperator through an opening G which communicates with the end chamber 7. Communicating with the end chamber 7 are a series of horizontal I'lues 8. The horizontal ilues S communicating with the chamber 7 correspond to the horizontal fines 3 communicating with the chamber 2 and the various sets of the former are alternated with the various sets of the latter and juxtapositioned as shown in Fig. 13, so that the waste gases in their passage through the recuperator heat the incoming air on the recuperative principle. A plurality of vertical ducts 9 communicate with the horizontal flues 8 and conduct the waste gases to the lower horizontal duct l0 by which they are discharged from the recuperator into the chimney D. By reversing the operation the incoming air is caused to enter where the waste gases had previously been discharged and the incoming air in reversingits direction through the recuperator will be caused to travel first through the flues which had previously conducted the waste gases. The path of the air and waste gases after reversal is indicated in Figs. 4 to 8, from which it will be seen that the air indicated by the plain arrows as before, enters through the opening l0, then up through the vertical ducts 9 and through the horizontal flues 8, which previously conducted t-he waste gases. From the horizontal flues 8, the air is conducted through the end chamber 7, opening 6, and through the furnace where it is converted into waste gases. then being returned to the recuperator, enter the recuperator through opening 5 and are distributed to the horizontal flues 3 by means of the end chamber 4;. 4It is to be noted that the horizontal flues 3, before the reversal, conducted the incoming air. After leaving the horizontal flues 3, the waste gases are collected by the vertical Vducts 2 and are discharged through the lower duct 1 to the chimney D. The reversal, therefore, converts the recuperator into a regenerator since the incoming air is made to travel through the iues which had previously conducted the waste gases and the heat remaining in the walls of the ues serves to heat the incoming air.

ln Fig. 2 a are the entrance nozzles for the water gas, b are the entrance nozzles for the hot air, which serve alternately as outlets for the exhaust gases. c, c are the two smelting hearths, l are the working doors and e the tapping points.

Figs. 3 to 8 show, how this twin-furnace is connected with a recuperato-r and the different modes in which they may be run. Here four change valves are provided. The plain and feathered arrows again indicate the path of the air and the combustion gases respectively. ln Fig. 8 the two furnaces are heated by the flames on the right. Fig. t shows the reversal of this mode of operation, the central burners remaining idle or being employed additionally only and the flame spreading in one direction over the two furnaces. Fig. 5 shows one hearth, the right hand one, only being heated, the gases escap-A The waste gases` ing through the center; Fig. 6 is the same reversed. Figs. 7 and 8 show the same for the left hand hearth. By such means it is possible, to either keep both hearths running and to heat the one, when the other is finishing-or to run one hearth only, while the other is being freshly charged.

The chief advantage of t-he twin-furnace lies in the possibility of finishing two charges of the same weight with the same amount of labor and about the same consumption of fuel, as would be required for a single charge in an ordinary furnace. In many instances also the otherwise indispensable spare Martin furnace will be superfluous, whereby the investment is reduced.

Now what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the following:

1. The combination of a smelting or heating furnace, a recuperator, passages connecting said furnace with said recuperator, said passages adapted to conduct either the waste gases or the air, and means to reverse the direction of iow of the waste gases and air in said passages.

2. The combination of a sinelting or heating furnace, a recuperator having passages through which either the waste gases or the air may flow, a chimney connected with the recuperator, passages or conduits connecting the furnace with the recuperator, and means to reverse the direction of flow of the waste gases and the air in their travel through said passages.

3. The combination of a twin furnace, a recuperator connected therewith by gas conduits and constructed to act as a regenerator, as described, said furnace having at its ends and also at its intermediate portion openings for the entrance of air and for the escape of combustion gases, and means for interchangeably connecting said openings with said gas conduits to permit of ruiming both Vhearths of the furnace alternately or only one of the same, as described.

4. The combination with a smelting or heating furnace, of a recuperator having one set of passages through which the air flows to the furnace and a second set of passages through which the waste gases from the furnace flow, said Ypassages being so related that said gases heat the said air, passages connecting the recuperator with the furnace and means to reverse the direction of flow of the air and waste gases through said recuperator whereby the air is caused to travel through the passages through which the waste gases had previously traveled, said recuperator being thereby converted into a regenerator.

5. The combination with a furnace, of a recuperator provided with passages or flues therein, passages connecting the furnace with said recuperator, an inlet and an outlet associated with said recuperator, theair lll@ admitted through the inlet being conducted through the reouperator, then through the furnace Where it is converted into waste gases, said Waste gases being conducted back through the recuperator and discharged through said outlet, the passages in the recuperator being so arranged that the Waste gases heat the incoming air, means to reverse the direction of flow of the air and the Waste gases so that the incoming air is admitted through the said outlet, then conducted through the recuperator by the passages Which previously conducted the waste gases, then back through the furnace where it is converted into waste gases and thence through the recuperator again to the said inlet where they are discharged, the recuperator being thereby converted into a regenerator.

In testimony, that I claim the `foregoing as my invention I have signed my naine in presence of two witnesses, this 8th day of December 1910.

FRIEDRICH STAMMSCHUL'IE.

Witnesses O'i'ro IVAonsMU'rH, HERBERT VENCK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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