US1074409A

US1074409A - Spike.

Info

Publication number: US1074409A
Application number: US73169212A
Authority: US
Inventors: Herbert Osmond Crippen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-11-16
Filing date: 1912-11-16
Publication date: 1913-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 1930-09-30

Description

H. 0. PPPPP N.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Novv. ire, 191x.l 1,674,409. Patented sept.3o,1913..

immuun-mini;

lUnrrnn PATENT ccierren.

HERBERT osnoiir Carrear, or NEW Yoan. n.. Y.

. ernia.

c Specification f Letters Patent Patented Sept. 30. 1913. Application tiled November 16, 1912. ySerial No. 731,692.

vTo all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT O. CRIPPEN, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have inventeda new and Improved Spike, of which the following is al full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates generally to spikes, and is particularly directed to improvements in the subjectmatter described in -,Letters Patent No. 963,280 l,issued to me "July 5, 1910, and in a pending application,

Serial No. 681,262 tiled March 2, 1912;

The objects of this invention contemplate improvements in railroad spikes of the kind above identiied, and more particularly the objects of the invention maybe stated as follows To position V the fulcrum of the toothed plates at'the sides of the spike to one side of the longitudinal center thereotI in order to provi-de for a greater relative movement of the plates, thereby tending to more effective securing of the spike within the ties and also in order to prevent the locking plates, which are detachable, trom being assembled on the spike except. with the teeth or serra-tions of the plates pointing always in one direction; to provide an improved forml o tooth on the movable plates whereby the passage of 'the spike into the tie is facilitated, the teeth on the plates being staggered, thereby insuring greater holding power due to the fact that different fibersof the wood are engaged by the several teeth; and, more specifically, to provide an improved form of `mounting for each plate'sothat .as the spike is being driven the plate will be heldv in operative relation with the spike, being prevented from separation due to the reaction.

The particular structure and its modification herein illustrated and described set forth one manner of obtaining the above purposes, it being clear, however, that vari- `ous uchanges may be made in such structures without-departing from the inventivey idea'. disclosed. 4

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speci-4 iication, in which like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts inall the views, and in which- Figure ll is a side view of thespike, with the plate carried thereby; Fig.g2 is a perspective view of the spike, with the plates in the positionlthey lie when driven into spike, showing the structure adjacent the lower end for mounting the plate: Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the tie and a portion of the rail, showing the spike and the plate in operative relation thereto, the particular form of the teeth being exemplified; Fig. 5 is a'sectional view on tlieline 5-5 of Fig. l; while Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a modified manner of mounting the plate.

The spike comprises a body member 1 and plates 2 iiiovably mounted on the opposite sides thereof; while the spike discloses two plates itis, of course. clear that one plate may be used with the identical body ineinber, if so desired.

The body member is preferably ot' integral construction, having the driving end 3 enlarged to form a head. the driven end being tapered in order to form an entering wedge si, the particular dimensions of tbe ends being'of little consequence. On opposite sides of the body member, and adjacent the driven'end, are curved pockets 5..tbe depths of which are equal to the thickness of the plates 2; referring/particularly to Fig. 3 it will be noted that the pocket 5 is provided in what mav be termed a shoulder 6 having converging end, portions or surfaces 7a*7b, the fcirmer of which being longer than the latter. f

Each plate 2 is substantially flat and of a length sutiicient to reach from the pocket 5 to a point adjacent the head 3. one edge portion of the plate being provided with a number of teeth or spurs 8; as shown par` ticularly in Fig. 2, in the event that the plates are held at opposite sides of'the bodv member 1 the teeth on one plate will lie intermediate the teeth on the other plate, thereby providing a staggered. relation. The upper end of each plate is provided with an oiisetportion 9 adapted for engage- 'inent with the edge of the lower {iange` 10 of the rail 1l. so that as the spikeis driven into the tie 12 the engagement of this said portion 9 of the plate will bring it into the position shown particularly in Fig. 4. The lower end 'of the plate is provided with an extension 13, substantially` although not essentially, circular, the extension lying ad i jacent the lower ends of' the tapering side portions 14g-14b of the plate; this exten- -sion is substantially, of less extent than the pocket 5, so that free movement of the plate relatively to the body member 1 is permitted, it rbeing noted, however, that the ydistance. between the lowerends of the tapering edge portions 7**-7h of the shoulder- 6 on thebody member 1 is substantially lessthan the width of this extension, so that once the extension is positioned within the pocket it cannot be removed therefrom by an upward longitudinal movement of the plate, which movementI is broughtv about when the spike is being driven into the tie.

" t lThe particular arrangement of the converging edge portions 7 L- b on the shoulder 6 insures the proper positioning of the plate 2' adjacent the side of the body member 1, so that the serratededge of the plat-e will always bear the relation to the head of the body member as shown; as shown particularly in Fig. 1, one edge portion of the plate '14a'tapers similarly to the edge portion 7 of the shoulder 6, so that the engagement` between these.taperingportions provides for the proper position of the plate adjacent the side of the body member jivhen the spike is being driven; that is, the 'engagement of the material of the tie with the serrated edgeof the plate is prevented from moi/ing the plate due to such' engagement. It will be noted that-the center of gravity of the plate 2 is at such side of a vertical line passing.

through the pivotal center between the body member 1 of the spike and plate 2, as to maintain. the edge 111a of the plate against the shoulder 6 of the body member 1 when the spike is in upright posit-ion, as 4shown in Fig. 1. Apart, however, from this particular manner of mounting ythe lower end of the plate is the idea of providing the pocket.,

tween' thc locking plate 2 and the spike is that. the plate cannot be placed on the spike in any except the proper position with the teetlil thereof pointing'always in one direc' :f-'t'ion or oppositely from the direction lin *which the head of the spike points. departure from what is shown in the Letters bersandthespurs. finay be availed of in order to bring about This Patent andthe co-pending application hereiinbefore referred'to, sets forth a ,structure possessing marked advantages. because ofthe greater degree of engagement between the 'Various constructions lthisreccentrie mounting of the lower end of the plate apart from `what is shown in ,Figs 1 and 4, and in Fig. 6 one modification is @sliowmj In this instance the pocket 5v is omit#v ,y 0 I l 1, coming into the relation shown yinHFig. 1,

.the shoulder 6' on the bodyinember 1 'may .the toot-li permitting of certain desirable -functions. The side edge 16? of each tooth 8 is a compound curve., the curvature at the tip lbbeingconvex, and the topedge of each tooth is concave and merges smoothly into the side edge of thetooth next above. The top and side edges of each tooth form a sharp hook-shaped point vwhich' bites deeply into the fiber ofl the .tie when the locking plate is forced laterally, as in Fig. 4, it being noted particularly that this relation of the curved edge portionsl MSL-16b pro vides for slipping of the 4toot-h acrossthe fibers of the tie as the spike is beingdriven, in counter-distinction to tearing orr'upturing of these fibers; this slippage, then,l permits the easy entrance ofthe teeth into the wood, forcing the fibers thereof to one side sothat after any tooth or spur'has passed certain particular fibers they will vtend to assume their formery position in the path of the tooth, but above it, vthereby insuring a firm positioning of the teeth within the wood.

Referring again to themanner ofmounting the lower end of thev plate 2 on the body portion 1, itl will be noted that in Fig. 6 a shoulder 17 is provided beneath. the head .3, which shoulder prevents. upward movement of the plate relativelyto the body member as the spike is beingdriven, the structure shown inl Figs.,1 andli, howeif'en-ldoing away with thenecessity of such shoulder because ofthe locked relation of the extension 13 at the lower end of the plate in the pocket- 5. As far as the engagement of the spurs in the tie is `concerned either form of. mounting means for the plate may be availedof, and

spikes embodying these different fea-tures be'withdrawn with equal facility. In

this connection it may be noted that the upper provides a portion 18 which, when'tlie spike is in driven relation asfshown in Fig. Lhpermits the plate -t'o be moved.` relatively f to the body member' by engagementofthe crowbar i with theV said portion 18 as .tliefhends of,l the I spike the opposite movements of.,.,-the. .parts is, as the head (nioves are gone through, lthat i certains-distance the upwardly 'through a Vend of theplate 2 adjacent the toothed edge i.

plate 2 moves relatively to theibQdy member with' the teeth out lof engagement with the vfibers, the aforesaid upper portion 18 proriding :tor such operation.

The spike described is of simple structure, the plates being easily made and not pre- "senting difliculty in' thestamping operation,

the. spike asl awhole /tending to a structure which will more efliciently retain its position within the tie and prevent spreading of therail. j v

Having thus described my invention,

what I cla-ini as new and desire to secure the side of the body member being provided with a shoulder forming a support, the'end of the plate being provided with a ortion engaging the said support and abou which the plate may be moved, the said point of support lying to one side of the central axis of the body member. Y'

3. A spike comprising a body member, and a plate movably carried thereby andto one\side thereof, the side of the Abody meinber being provided with a pocket, the end of the plate being provided with an eXtension engaging in the pocket, the said pocket and extension normally'lying to one side gf the longitudinal aXis of the body mem- 4. A spike comprising a body'member,

and a plate movably associated therewith,

one side of the spike being provided with a pocket, the` end of the plate being provided with an extension engaging in the said pocket, the entrance to the pocket vadjacent the side of the body member being of lesser dimension than the width of the said exi tension, whereby the extension is prevented from withdrawal from the pocket by a longitudinal movement.

5. A spike comprising a body member,-

and a. plate movably associated therewith, one side of the body member being pro- -vided with a shoulder, the upperportion of which is provided with downwardly converging edge portions, and a pocket in the shoulder and below the said convergingedge portions. the plate being provided with an extensionadjacent its lower end fitting in the said pocket.- the extension being incapable' ot' withdrawal from the pocket by a longitudinal movement of the plate.

6. A spike. comprising a body member provided adjacent its point with a shoulder, and a plate pivotally connected with the body adjacent the shoulder and having its center oiigravity so positioned as to maintain the plate in engagement with the shoulder when the spike is upright. said plate having means adapted to be projected laterally' from the spike as the latter is driven home.

7. A spike comprising a body member, a shoulder thereon, and a plate pivoted on the body member adjacent the shoulder and `arranged with its centr-..;,of gravity so l0- cated as to maintain thelplate in engage- Vment with theshonlder, the edge of the plate at its free end ,normally projecting beyond. the body member and the other beyond the body member when the first edge is moved inwardly` as the spike is driven home. l 8. A spike comprising a body member, a

shoulder adjacent the Adriven end, a pocket in the shoulder, the edge ortions of lthe edge of the plate being adapted to project' shoulder adjacent the' poc ret converging 85 downwardly, a serratedplate V associated with the body member and y'provided 'with an extensionv entering the said pocket, one edge portion of the plate adjacent the extion of' t-he shoulder adjacent the pocket, whereby the engagement of the said tapered portions will maintain theplate and the bodyy member in driving relation.

' tension tapering similarly to one edge por; 90

"9. A spike comprising a body member adapted to bedriven into a tie and a plate lying adjacent one side of the body member and serrated along the longitudinal edge, the point of pivtal relation of the body member and the plate being to one side of the longitudinal central axis of the body member, and engaging portions` on the body member and the plate, whereby the parts may be maintained in proper relation as the spike is being driven.

10. A spike comprising a body member and a detachable toothed locking plate carried by the body member and having a pivotal point of engagement therewith, the

member and plate having coperating parts wherebythe plate canv be placed on the, body in only one position.

ill A spike comprising a body member having adjacent its point a shoulder formed with oppositely-inclined surfaces and a locking member pivoted at the shoulder and having .edges cooperating with the said surfaces of the shoulder, whereby the locking plate can be mounted. on the body member in only one position, said loc-king plate having means for engaging the fiber of the body into which the spike is driven.-

12. A spike comprising a body member, aL locking plate movably mounted on the side of the member, and teeth on the plate each formed with a compound curved side and with an inwardly-curved upper edge merging smoothly into the concave portion of the side edgeof an adjacent tooth.

13. The combination-of a spike compris- 130 and each having at one edge a plurality ot teeth, one plate havin more teethv than the ,other and in staggere relation thereto, and

ing'a body member, locking plates movably mounted on the sides of ythe body member the plates'having means whereby the latter are forced laterally as the spike is driven home.

14. The combination of a spike comprising a body member, and locking plates movably mountedl on the sides of the body mem ber and each having at one edge a plurality ol. teeth, said plates being'at-their u per ends wider than the body 'member'o "the spike, whereby the said wider ends cause 15 HERBERT OSMOND CRIPPEN.Y

Witnesses: PHILIP D; ROLLHAUS,

LAURENCE J. GALLAGHER.