US1073095A

US1073095A - Air-conditioning apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1073095A
Application number: US49007909A
Authority: US
Inventors: Stuart W Cramer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1909-04-15
Filing date: 1909-04-15
Publication date: 1913-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 1930-09-16

Description

s. W. ORAMER. AIR'CONDITIONING APPARATUS. APPLIUQTION FILED APR. 15. 1909 Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET l,

S. W. CRAMER. AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION IILEDAPE. '15, 1909.

1,073,095. Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

-2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED Isa-rams PATENT amen STUART W. CRAMER, OF GHAR-IGGTTE, NORTH CAROLINA.

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS.

Applicationfiled April 15, 1909. .Seria1No.49'0,079.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Se To all whom it may concern.

' Be it known that I, STUART W. CRAMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Charlotte, in the county iof Mecklenburg and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Conditioning Apparatus; and I '0 hereby declare the following. to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. i a

This invention relates to apparatus for treating air, whereby the air is cleansed of its impurities, and is conditioned by the addition or subtraction of moisture and heat as may be desired.

The objected, the invention is to provide an apparatus along new and novel lines, whereby air cleansing, moistening, heating and cooling are attained as heretofore in similar types of apparatus, with the further advantage that cooling may also be continued even though moistening be discontinned, and without the aid of refrigeration, the circulation of cold water, or other liquids and the like.

By way of definition, it is not amiss to point out that in the recent rapid evolution of the art of air conditioning, that two types have been developed, viz; one, which may be' termed. the central station type, with ducts leading to difierent parts of a build ing; and the other, individual spray head 5 types, a number of which are uniformly I building.

types of apparatus.

The former type of apparatus is also he to cool. the air required for ventilation by saturating it before introduction into a building, so that in summer time it may be I grains of moisture. distributed throughout the rooms in the cooled to the wet bulb temperature of'the air passing through the apparatus. That this exerts a very decided and-beneficial cooling effect, is not to be denied, aTgi-eat deal of the time; its only drawbackilies in' the fact that a great many" .timesjby continu'ing to saturate the air andii 'troduce it into the building, the alreadyrdisagipcable humidity 'may be materially-inbreased'. .1 .t such. times the moisture must he; oil, and then no cooling effect is obtainable exair passing through the uppai? in the room to be cooled. The ma 3 g the apparatus is sometimes .enti'i elyfoutside air, at other times it is all inside, iii-, and at other times still it is a mixture "of; the two, the inside and the outside aha-#Considcring, therefore, that in all cases wheie' comfort alone is the desideratum, som'efhu iiidity is very desirable but only nioderateinamount, and excessive humidity is exceedingly ob jectionable, it becomes evident that: only a limited amount of cooling by evaporation is' permissible as it is ordinarily accoln 'ilished.

Que of the chief points of novelty and merit of this invention lies in the fact that cooling by evaporation can still be continued and yet the moisture be shutoff. The ad vantage thereby derived is made clear by the following hypothetical case Consider a warm day outside with a'temperature of 80 degrees F. and 50% relative" humidity, at which each cubic foot of air contains 5.47 Saturating that air and introducingit into a buildingain which the temperature is also 80 degrees-produces My invention relates to both of these cept' so far as is the ditlerence between the a cooling effect of 13 degrees: th a't 'is to say I all the air that is introduced under. such circumstances has beencooledto 07 degrees F. and contains 7 .24 grains of moisture per cubic foot. The introduction of this additional moisture required to saturate the air, however, causes the relative-humidity in the room to increase very rapidly. If the temperature of the room still remains at .80 degrees in spite of the coolingeftcct, the additional moisture added causes therelative humidity to very soon become about 60%. If the room is cooled down to a temperature of 7 5 degrees the moistening efi'ect is still worse, because the relative humidity then will approximate 75%. No one would think of maintaining over 50% humidity under siich circumstances if it couldl-be helped;

and the cooling chamber beyond.

- therefore, if that cooling effect of 13 degrees .line 3-3 Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 represents a sectional plan view of the bal'fle plates on ancnlarged' scale.

Reference being had to the drawings and the designating characters thereon, thelnumera'l 1 indicates an outer casing or shell. which may be built of sheet metal, brick or other prefer ed material and constitutes an air chamber; 2 a spray or air. moistening chamber and 3 a cooling chamber Within the air chamber. 4: is the air inlet-to the spray chamber, 5 the air inlet to the cooling chamber, and 6 are beating coils for tempering the incoming air to each chamber as may be desired.

7 are spray'heads within the spray chamher. and 8 are tubes arranged within the cooling chamber and through which passes the incoming air to be cooled. Within the cooling chamber 3 the tubes 8 are arranged so that the air entering the spray chamber passes through the cooling chamber, around, over and above the tubes 8 and thence out to the fan inlet or otherwise. i

9 are bafiie plates or condensing bodies for collecting the surplus moisture from the sprayladen incomin atmosphere. Thebatfie plates 9 are of s eet metal substantially V-shaped and aresuitably fastened at their ends in trough like members, and are prop erly spaced by side plates 92 provided with notches which engage. the edgesof the plates, as shown in Fig. 4, and the trough like members are secured together by the rods 94, only one of which is shown. The bank of battle plates is properly secured within the casing in any preferred manner. i

In Figs. 1., 2 and 3 10 is the outlet for the spray charged air after it has passed through the cooling chamber, thence into the fan 11, which may be of any preferred type.

12 is a chamber to receive the cooled air which has passed through the tubes '8 in the cooling chamber, from whence it passes through the fan 13. 14 are dampers sop-- arating the spray chamber 2 from the outlet 12. L5 is a damper separating the outlets from the two fans 11. and 13, and H3 is a damper controlling the supplemental outlet 17 to the fan 11. t

From the foregoing it will be seen, that one current of air enters the spray chamber 2 through the inlet 4, then passes around and above the tubes 8 in the cooling chamher 3 on its way out oi. the apparatus through the opening 10 leading to the fan 11; from whence it travels in the direction indicated by the arrows, either mixing with the air from the other fan 1.3 and entering the building through outlet 17, or from whence -by closing the damper 15 and opening the damper 16 the air from the fan 11 can be directed out through its auxiliary outlet 17 to the outer atmosphere. The air entering the inlet 5 to the cooling chamber 3 passes through the tubesv 8 which are kepteooled by the spray and air from the spray chamber, thence through the chamber 12 into the fan 13 and out as indicated by the arrows through the main out let 17 into the building. So that, with this apparatus there are two separate and distinct currents, one of them cooled to the temperature of saturation. which is the wet bulb temperature of the air passing through the spray and to which moisture has been added; and the other, air cooled to nearly the same temperature, but't-o which no moisture whatever has been added.

By suitably adjusting the parts, both currents of air passing through the apparatus can be cooled to approximately saturation temperature and directed into the building from both fans. thereby producing maximum cooling and moistening effects. In the matter of regulation of the amount of moisture in the building that is being served, when the humidity has reached the point at which it is desired to maintain it, or at least not to exceed it,

dampers

14 and 15 are closed, and damper 16 is opened; under these conditions the dry cooled current of air coming through the tan is delivered into the building without the addition of any. more moisture, and the-other current of cooled and saturated air from the fan 11 is directed out through its auxiliary or supplemental outlet 17' into the outer atmosphere. When the humidity. has again dropped to the point that it is permissible to introduce more moisture into the room, dampers 14 and 1.5 are opened and damper 16 is closed. and thcn'both fans 11 and 13 dolirer into the building again through outlot 17. v

Further elucidation is deemed unnecessary, as the foregoing description with the accompanying drawings will suggest to any one skilled in the art to which my invention ap'pe'rtains some of the various modifica;

tions of'which the invention is susceptible, I

for cooling-by. theevaporationof the moisture; and that changes in form' and arrangement may he made without departing from the spirit oi "myinvention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an air conditioning apparatus,

means for producing a current of air, means for cooling said current of air, said means being exposed to an auxiliary current of 7 air cooled by the evaporation of moisture,

and means for commingling or separating the two currents of air;

2. In an air conditioning apparatuspa fan, an air hamber, a spraychamber, a

a plurality of xits for the moistened air in the spray chamber, a commingling chamber Y r to mix the air from the air chamber and the moistened air in the spray chamber, and" means for controlling the rate of mixture. ,3. In an'air conditioning apparatus, a spray chamber, spray heads within said chamber, -a cooling chamber containing tubes over which pass the air from thespray chamber, a fan having connection with said chambers, a commingling chamber. for mix- )ers, and means for controlling. the 'moistened air issuing from the spray cha ber.

4.. In an air conditioning apparatus, a =s ray chamber,

ciiam s'pray heads within said leer,- a cooling chamber containing tubes, over which pass air from the spray chamber, fans for supplying air to said chambers, a. commingling chamberfor mixp g t e air. from said air and spray chain-,'

1 means for producing a current of air, an air chamber, a spray chamber,- a cooling chamher containing tubes, an exit from the spray chamber provided with controlling means, a separate exit from the spray chamber through the cooling chamber and around said tubes, and a chamber in which the air from. the spray chamber and the cooling chamber are commingl d.

6. In an air conditidningflpparatus, an air chamber, a spray c amber, spray heads Within the spray chamber, a fan for supplying air to said spray chamber, a fan for supplying air to said air chamber and means for commingling andseparating the moistened air issuing from' the spray chamber and the air issuing from the air chamber.

7. In an air conditioning apparatus, a spray chamber, spray heads within said spray chamber, an air cooling chamber, influenced by air from said spray chamber, a fan having connection with the spray "chamher, a fan having connection with the air cooling chamber, and means forcontrolling the supply of air from said fans.

8. In an air conditioning apparatus,an an? chamber, a spray chamber within said air chamber, spray heads within the spray chamber, a fan for supplying air to said spray chamber,a iian for supplying air to said airchamber, and means for commingling or separating the moistened air issuing from the spray chamber and the air issu- Witnesses:

N0. B. .HoDcE, NO. G. WATSON.

STUART W. ORAMER.