US1071875A - Gas-purifying apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

- H. BUSGHBI.

GAS PUBIFYING APPARATUS.

nruornon mum rm. 1, 1911.

1,071,875. Pat canted Sept. 2, 1913.

the portions of the HEINRICH BUSCHEI, OF IBOCHUM, GERMANY.

' eas-rmurrme arrm'rus.

Specification of Letters Intent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

Application filed February 1, 1911. Serial No. 605,989.

To all whom, it may concern: 4

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BUSCHEI, a. subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing in Bochum, Westphalia, Prussia, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Purifying Apparatus, of which the following is a true an exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My present invention relates to apparatus suitable for use in carrying out the process of separating tar from the hot gases resulting of coal, lignite, peat, etc., in which tar, tarry gas liquor, or both, are sprayed into the hot gases. In carrying out this process, the tar, tarry gas liquor, or mixture of these materials has been sprayed into the hot gas by means of injectors, which serve also as means for aiding in moving the gas through the system of conduits and chambers in which it is treated. A drawback to the use of such apparatus, which has been found to exist, is that the dimensions and capacity of a single spray injector device is limited and cannot be exceeded with satisfactory operation, and where the volume of gas treated is such that it cannot be handled with a single spray injector, it has been attempted to employ two or more such injectors, connected in parallel. It is difficult to divide the duty performed by the different injectors equally, and to maintain uniformity in the temperature and pressure conditions of gas acted upon by the different injectors, and" such uniformity is highly desirable for the efficient carrying out of this process of gas purification. Furthermore, with such injector apparatus, as have heretofore been employed, the adaptability of the injectors to the fluctuations in the quantity of gas treated has been imperfect with a. correspondingly unfavorable influence on the efficiency of the process.

One main object of the present invention is to provide an injector apparatus, suitable for use forthe purpose above specified, and embodying a number of injector nozzles so relatively arranged as to operate in a uniform manner.

Another main object is to so arrange these injector nozzles, that one or more may be cut out of service without disturbmgthe from the destructive distillation casing body receiving through the port 13'', tar, tarry gas liquor, or mixture, to be sprayed into the gas.

others when a decrease in the amount of gas to be treated makes a reduction in the number of spray jets desirable.

A third object of the invention is the production of an injector construction, which readily permits the adjustment of each individual injector nozzle, and-a fourth object of the invention is the provision in an ini jector construction of the kind specified, of simple and effective means for showing the pressure difl'erence of the gas at the inlet and outlet sides of the injector apparatus, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the injector mechanism to produce the desired pressure difference.

The invention consists in certain features of construction and arrangement, pointed out in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding oi. the invention, however, reference should be had to the accompanying drawingsand descriptive matter, in which I have illustrated one form in which the invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, the one figure of the drawing is an elevation of the injector apparatus. partly in section.

The injector apparatus comprises :1 casing, consisting of chambered bodies A and D. The chamber A in the body A is open at one end A. The wall of the chamber A has formed in it at one side, openings A in which are secured the ends of the outlet or mixing nozzles C of the injectorD. These aresurrounded by and open into the pipe or chamber B, to which the casing body A is connected.' In its opposite side, the casing A is formed with sleeves A projecting into the chamber A and surrounding passages A, coaxial with the passages A To the opposite side of the casing body A, from that to which the pi be B is connected, is secured the formed with a chamber D,

The injector spray nozzle devices, of which there is one in alinement with each pressure outlet nozzle C, may be alike and are shown as being, except in the matter of size, the right hand in ector, as shown in the draw,- ing is large in diameter and of eater ca: pacity than the other. Each injector com prises a support F secured to the casingD and formed with a. portion extendingmm rior.

the chamber D through an aperture in line with the apertures A and A. This portion comprises, arms F which form a slotted guide for a sleeve G, the latter being slotted at G to permit the passage of the fluid from the chamber D proper into its inte- Each sleeve G is formed at its inner end, which projects into the chamber A beyond the endof the corresponding sleeve A, with a conical discharge aperture G*. At its inner end also, each sleeve G is formed with a valve disk G for closing the inlet of the corresponding pressure nozzle C,

when it is desired to cut the injector out of service, as hereinafter described. Each sleeve G 1s formed at its outer ends wlth the lugs G which project between the arms F and prevent the sleeve G from rotating. Beyond the outer ends of the slots G each sleeve G is internally threaded to receive an externally threaded collar H formed on a spindle H which passes through the corresponding support F, and, on the inner side of the collar H is extended to carry the tubular spray nozzle part H. A bracket or arm F carried by each support F has journaled into it av handwheel I, which is internally threaded to receive the externally threaded portion of the corresponding stem H. At its extreme outer end, eac spindle H has a handwheel H secured to it by means of which the spindle may be rotated.

\Yith the apparatus disclosed, the hot gas to be treated passes into the gas chamber A of the apparatus, through the open end A, from the gas collecting mains or the like. The tar, tarry gas liquor, or both, is forced into the chamber D through the port DP, under pressure, from a centrifugal pump, elevated reservoir, or the like. \Vith the apparatus in the condition shown in the drawing, the fluid material under pressure in the chamber D passes through the slots G to the interior of each sleeve G, except the right hand one. and passes out of the sleeve in the form of a spray, partly through the annular space between the nozzle part H and the wall of the conical passage G, and partly through the lateral inlets and axial discharge opening formed in the nozzle part H. The tar, tarry gas liquor, or mixture, thus issuing in spray jets from the ends of the sleeves G, passes into the corresponding outlet or mixing nozzles C, drawing with it the hot gas from the chamber A nder the ten'iperature and pressure conditions thus produced within and beyond the nozzles C, the tar in the material injected into the gas, as well as the tar contained in the hot gases as they enter the chamber A are separated from the gases.

The efficient carrying out of this process requires the maintenance of a definite pressure difference between the pressure of the downward gas in chamber A and the pressure in the pipe or chamber B. The manometer J, connected as shown, forms a simple and definite means of determining this pressure difference actually existing between the chambers A and B, Minor fluctuations in the Pressure difference, shown by the manometer J, may be corrected by rotating the handwhecls H and correspondingly restricting or enlarging the area of the discharge orifices at the lower end of the sleeves G. Greater fluctuations in this pressure difference, corresponding to substantial fluctuations in the amount of gas entering the chamber A may be prevented or corrected by increasing or decreasing the number of spray jets in operation, and the fact that the injectors may be of difl'erent capacities, increases the flexibility of the regulation thus had. In the construction shown, each of the separate, spray injectors may be withdrawn from service by rotating the handwheel I, to move the corresponding sleeve G-downward until the val've G carried at its lower end closes the mouth of the corresponding pressure nozzle C, as is the case with the right hand spray nozzles, as shown in the drawing. The downward movement of the sleeve, when the valve G is moved against its seat, closes communication between the interior of the sleeve and the chamber D, since the slots G pass into the stationary sleeve A.

With the apparatus disclosed, it is apparent that the different spray injectors, when properly adjusted, will operate uniformly, since the gas pressure at the discharge ends of the sleeves G, in the common chamber A are alike for each injector, and the pressure at which the tarry material enters each injector sleeve G, is the same. This uniformity in operation and equality in the distribution of the load carried by the various injectors in operation, is in no Wise affected by cutting one or more of the injectors out of operation.

\Vhile in accordance with the provisions of the statute I have illustrated Sl-Ilt described the best form of my invention IlOW known to me, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the apparatus without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for injecting tar material into gas, comprising a single gas chamber, a single tar material chamber, and a plurality of tar spraying injectors of different capacities, opening from said tar material chamber into said gas chamber.

2. Apparatus for injecting tar material into gas. comprising a gas chamber, a gas conduit connected to said chamber by outlet passages from the latter, a tar material chamber, a plurality of adjustable ta-r spraying injectors opening from said last menpressures, in said tioned chamber into said gas chamber and a manometer tube connecting said gas chaminto gas, comprising a gas chamber, a gas conduit connected to said chamber by outlet passages from the latter, a ta'r material chamber, a plurality of adjustable tar spraying injectors opening from last mentioned chamber into said gas chamber, and means for indicating the difference between the gas chamber and in said conduit; I i

4. In combination, a casing formed with two chambers, separated, by a partition having formed in it'a plurality of apertures, a plurality of spraying injectors projecting into one .of sald' chambers from the other chamber, one through each of said apertures, and a plurality of outlet nozzles leading away from said one chamber, one in line with each of said apertures, whereby fluid forced from said other chamber through said injectors will pass into said nozzles and draw with it fluid from said one chamber.

5. In combination, a casing formed with two chambers, separated by a partition having formed in it a plurality of apertures, a plurality of spraying injectors projecting into one of said chambers from the other chamber, one through each of said apertures, and a-plurality of outlet nozzles leading away from said one chamber, .one in line with each of said apertures, whereby fluid 'forced from said other chamber through said injectors will pass into said nozzles and draw with it fiuidfrom said one chamber, each of said injectors being axially movable and adapted,.when moved, to close the cor responding nozzle and cut oil the flow of fluid from said other chamber through that injector- 6. In combination, a casing formed with two chambers, separated. by a partition having formed in it a plurality of apertures, a

plurality of spraying injectors projecting into one of said chambers from the other chamber, one through each of saidapertures, and a plurality of outlet nozzles leading away from said one-chamber, one in line with each ofsaid apertures, whereby fluid forced from said other chamber through said injectors will pass into said nozzles and draw with it fluid from said one chamber, each of said injectors having adjustable pI'OVlSlOIlS tor regulating the flow of fluid through it.

7. In combination, a casing formed with two chambers, separated by a partition, ha ving formed in it a plurality of apertures, a plurality of spraying injectors projecting into one of said chambers from the other chamber, one through each of said apertures, and a plurality of outlet nozzles leading away from Suid'one chamber, one in line with each of said apertures, whereby fluid forced from said other chamber through said injectors, will pass into said nozzles

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