US1231447A - Liquid or gaseous fuel burner. - Google Patents

Description

' E. E. STEWART. f "LQuln 0R GAsEous EuEL BURNER.l

. APPLICATIQN FILED OCT. l2, |916. lpLMT/Z, ERERIRQR me 2R, ww.

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E. F. STEWART. LIQUID 0R GASEOUS FUEL BURNER.

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APPLICATIQN FILED OCT. I2, 1916.

Patentd June 26, 191?.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2T E. F. STEWART.

LIQUID 0R GASEOUS FUEL BURNER.

PPLlcATloN FILED voc. 12. 1916.

2 l 4%. Patented June 26, 1917.

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lEWlll' FERGERSON STEWART, 0F WOODCLIFF, NEU! JERSEY, ASSVIGNOB, 0F ONE-HALF T@ THE BARRETT COMPANY, .Pi CQRPORTUN Uli: NEW YGRK.

LQUIED Off?) GASEOUS BURNER.

specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 26, lllil Y.,

Application filed. October 12, 1916. Serial No. 125,256.

To all whom it my concern: f

Be it known that l, EDwrN F. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, residing at lloodcliil in the county of Hudson and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and. use the same, reference being had to the' accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

lhis invention relates to new and useful.

improvements in liquid fuel burners and the i object in View is to produce a new feature not found in burners commonly in use and adapted to secure a continuous and uninterrupted service and eliminate the very une screening of the fuel or tar and, at the same time, lessening the cost of labor in attention and supervision of the furnace in connection with which the burner is used.

Heretofore the cost of petroleum fuel has increased appreciably, a fact which has brought coal tar and oil tar into theeld as a fuel substitute for the petroleumloils. The heavier tars are, of course, more viscous and are apt to carry more sediment'and solid matter than the usual grades of fuel oil o'r crude petroleum. A burner which will handle petroleum fuel successfully will not always give equally good results with coal tar, whi e with oil tar less trouble is anperienced, due to its viscosity and incidentally it is a petroleum ley-product from the manufacture of water gas.

lt is quite the usual practice to screen or lter petroleum and tar fuels after their temperature has been raised to a point which will make them sufficiently fluid or of such y viscosity that they will screen or lter readily; the degree of heating being contingent upon the viscosity of any given fuel at normal temperature and may range anywhere between 7 5 degrees for light petroleum and oil tar to 650 degrees for heavyw or hard petroleum, coal 'ta-rs, residues and" pitches.

To maintain the usual flow of fuel oil. oil tar or coal tar under fifty to a hundred pounds pressure at the nozzle or burner, even through a l or needle valve, the plug needs to be lifted only a very slight distance from the seat, which leaves a very thin annular space through which the liquid may flow, so that very small particles of sediment or solid matter readily iind lodgment in this crevice and gradually build in so that possibly the flow is, after a time, cut off entirely, thus making it necessary to open and close the valve two or three times to free the annular opening of sediment, after which the valve must again be adjusted to maintain the original and desired flow of fuel.

lt has been demonstrated that this is one of the greatest troubles with previous types of burners as constant attention is required to `maintain a uniform and continuous fire.

'lo obviate these objections, l employ a compartment casing, one compartment adapted to contain fuel and the other air or steam, and the provisionl yof a fuel tube having communication with: the fuel chamber and rotatable, perforated elements for controlling the feeding of the fuel in connection with adjustable means for directing steam or air tangentially to the stream of fuel.

The invention consists of various other details of construction, combinations and arrangements of parts which will be hereinafter fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and then specifically delined in the appended claims.

ll/iyinvention is illustrated in panying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a side elevation of a burner made in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the burner. llig. 4l is a sectional view on line and of the accomis a sectional view on line 5-5 of llig. 5 Fig. 2. Ill 6 is a sectional View on line 6 6 of Fig: 2

Fig. iV is a detail view in elevation of the gra uated dial plate.

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the invention. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the orifice plate. Figs. l0 and l1 are detail views showing the nozzles arranged so as to direct sprays of steam tangentially against a jet of fuel merging from the central tube.

Reference nouY being had to the details of the drawings b v numeral, 1 designates a fuel burner of iron or composition casting,

divided internally into two con1partrnents designated by numerals 2 and 3, the lformer of which 1s adapted to receive liquid fuel dotted unes in rig. e of tha drawings, while the chamber 3'is designed to receive the atomizing agent, Asuch as steam or air under pressure, and which is conveyed thereto 1n any suitable 4manner through the opening 5. Said chamber 2, which is 'generally cylmdrical inform, has its inner end closed b y a perforated disk 6, a detail of which. 1s shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, and which is provided with perforations 7 of different diameters for thepurpose of allowing dlfferent quantities of fuel ,to be fed to the burner. The outer end of the chamber is flanged as at 8 and has secured thereto a plate 9, held by bolts 10 upon which nuts -11 are fitted, and fastened tothe outer face of the plate 9 is a dial plate 12, a face4 view of which is shown in Fig. 7 of the drawmgs, and upon which are numbers designating the diameters of the different apertures in the disk 6. A valve stem 13 is mounted in an aperture in the boss 14 projecting from the inner face of the plate 9-and also in a gland 15 fitted in a threaded aperture in the plate -9. Theinner end of the valve stem 13 is contractedfas at' 16 and has a bearlngin the wall intermediate the two chambers 2 and 3. It Will be noted that the plate 6 is held upon the stem by means of the flanged collar 17 which is secured to the perforated disk through the medium of the rivets 18. A .coiled spring 19 bears intermediate the I i disk 6 and a collar 13", which is part of the lstem 13, and tends to normally hold the disk against an' annular boss 20 formed in the inner end of the wall of the chamber 2 and through which boss a duct 21 leads. A fiat `corrugated spring 35 is so mounted with relation to the stem and orifice disk as to brush lightly over the front face of the vorifice plate when the stem is rotated for the to the stem 13 and is adapted to move adjacent to the `face of the dial, to designate the different relative positions of the perforated disk 6, and 'a handle 2 3, fixed to the outer end of the stem13, serves as a means for rotating said stem.

A pipe 24 has threaded connection with vthe Walls of a socket 25 formed in the forward end of the valve casing, and 26 is a` tube threaded into the outer end of the pipe 24 and held in differentrelative adjusted positions therein through the medium-of the jam nut 27. A sleeve 28 is mounted upon the pipe 24, being held in different positions thereon through the medium of the set screw 40 mounted in a threaded aperture in a flange 28", and its outer end is provided with a flange 29 having elongated slots 30 therein through which the tubes 31 pass, which latter are held in apertures leading through the adjacent wall of the casing into the chamber 3 and are held therein by means of the set screws 31X. A disk 32, a detail of which is' shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, is provlded with elongated slots 33 formed at -right angles to the slots 30, shown in solid land dotted lines in Fig; 5 of the drawings,'and

through which slots the pipes 31 pass.'- At the outer end of each of 'the pipes 31, a

contracted and angled shape nozzle 33 is two series of elongatedor oblong holes in'- the collar 32 and the flange register and that the sides of the oblong holesin the 'collar' and Hange are adapted to have sliding contact with the pipes 31, thus providing means whereby the tubes 31 may be warped'slightly in order to throw the nozzle ends into the dierenttangential positions shown in Figs.

10 and 11 relative to thecentral pipe 26.

In operation, when starting the burners,

air orl steam isvintroduced into the chamber 3 through the opening 5, the valves controlling the supplybeing sufficient to give approxunately the required volume of the supply of'liquid fuel or gas is introduced through the pipe 4 into the compartment 2,

atomizing agent desired, after which the 'I the indicating pointer 22 first having been' 4positioned midwaybetween the figures de-v noting the largest and smallest openings' in v the perforated disk 6.A After the fuel has been admitted into the chamber 2, the; stem 13 is rotated slightly so that the indicating pointer 22 will 'register with the openingI -corresponding to the smallest 'number on the indicating pointer, bringing the minimum orsmallest orifice into complete reg'- istration with the duct or opening 21 and which will supply to the nozzle the mnimum amount of fuel under pressures and temperatures that exist. There will now be a small stream of oil or other liquid fuel flowing to the delivery end of the fuel tube 26 and entering the zone of impact from the four converging nozzles 33. Each opposite pair of the nozzles will deliver its jets diagonally across `the issuing 'stream of oil and in opposition to each other with a force or impact peculiarly adapted to the work of disintegrating or breaking up the stream of liquid fuel into a spray of very fine particles or into' a vaporous. form or state. This operation will produce a cloud of oil vapor mixedvwith the atomizing agent and such combustion air as may be supplied either through the pipe 31 or from an openlng'in the furnace wall around the 'burner or from both sources and in general the result is an inflammable lmixture that will readily ignite to form an intense heat and in this way deliver heat to the furnace.

I vW'hen the Opposed pairs of nozzles 33* are tions of .the nozzles 33 will be 10 diametrically opposite to each other with reference to the 'center or axis of the oil delivering tube 26, the oil'breaks up intol a cloud of spray, moving into no particular direction excepting into the,` furnace and toward the stack but,- when the sleeve 28 is rotated slightly in either direction, the posi- 'slightly changed with -referenceto the center of the oil tube 26', causing the converging jets of air to act tangentially upon the stream of fuel, thus giving a whirling effect to the latter and producing a cloud of mixed fuel and air in -whatever direction desired. It

has been found that/this whirling effect has a decided advantage under certain conditions of furnace construction Iand over certain classes of heating surface. It will be' noted that either formof flame may-be proi duced at will by the operator without shutchanges in theburner.

After the fire is started by fuel through the minimum intensity may afterward be increased by ting off thefuel or atomizing agenttxo make first admitting rotating the valve stem until the size of the orifice, which `gives the desired volume of furnace heat and temperature, isl shown directly at the indicator.

-By the provision of the fiat corrugated spring 3 5, arranged as shown, the same will brush lightly over .the front face of the orifice plate when the stem vis rotated ,to clean off any accumulation of foreign matter that might lodge over one or anotherl of the orifices. 4

What Ivclaim to be new is 1. A liquid or gaseousfuel burner, comprising a casing with two compartments, one adapted to contain fuel and the other steam or air, a fuel tube mounted insaid casing and having communication through a duct with the fuel chamber, a rotatable perforated disk for controlling the fuel fed through said duct', tubes communicating with the steam or air compartment, nozzles upon the tubes, and means for actuating the tubes to cause the nozzles to assume tangential positions relative to the exit end of the fuel tube.

2. A liquid or gaseous fuel burner lcoini. prising a casing with twoV compartments,

one adapted to contain fuel and the other steam or air, a fuel tube mounted in said casing and having communication through a duct with the fuel chamber, a rotatable perforated disk for controlling the fuel fed through. said duct, tubes communicating with the steam or air compartment, nozzles 'upon the tubes, and an adjustable sleeve adapted to engage the tubes to be positioned in different tangential positions relative tothe exit end of the fuel pipe.

3. A liquid or gaseous fuel burner com- 'size orifice, its

prising a casing with ltwo compartments, one

adapted to contain fuel and the other steamV or air, a fuel -tube mounted in said casing and having communication through a duct with the fuelchamber, a rotatable erforated diskrfo'rf controlling the fuel fe said duct, tubes communicating with the steam compartment, nozzles upon the tubes, a sleeve journaled upon said pipe and provided with a flanged portion-with slots therein through which said tubes pass, angled nozzles upon the tubes, said tubes'being acf tuated by a rotary movement of the sleeve to cause the eXit ends of the nozzles to be held in different positions tangential to the exitend of the' oil tube.

4. A liquid or gaseous f uel burner comprising a casing lwith two compartments, one adapted to contain fuel and the other steam or air, a fuel tube mounted in'said casing andhaving communication through a duct with-the fuel chamber,

through said duct, tubes communicating with 4the steam compartment, a sleeve journaled upon said pipe and provided with a flanged portion With slots therein through which said tubes pass, angled nozzles upon the tubes,

ment of the sleeve to cause the exit ends of the .nozzles to be held in different positions a Y rotatable perforated disk for controlling the fuel fed said tubes being actuated by a rotary move.-

tangential to the exit end of' the oil or fuel'l engage the casing, said sleeve -having an apertured end with oblong 1slots therein,

tubes communicating with the steam or air chamber and passing through said slots in the iiange, a disk mounted upon the pipe and provided with oblong slots at right angles to the slots in 'said flange and through whichv the tubes pass, nozzles upon the tubes and adapted to be positioned vby the adjustmentv of the sleeve so that their exit ends will be tangential to the exit end of the fuel plpe.

6. A liquid or gaseous fuel burner comprising a casing with two compartments,

one adapted to contain fuel and the-other steam or air, 'a fuel tube mounted in said casing and having communication through a duct with the fuel chamber, a rotatable perforated disk forcontrolling the fuel fed through said duct, a stem journaled in suitable bearings in the casingand upon which said disk is mounted, la spring bearing yieldand n pointer ed to mi@ simu ,und mow able over.' the fiwe 0i the d ml, :1 im! plpe commumcutmgf mth a (luci-l lmulul il @ugh the Wall of the casing.; and with s; 'lwl chamber, :L tsleeve rotatably mommL upon thv pip@ :md provided with :lA rzmgml @nd which im. sltted, dy set Scrw mounted in the Hang@ of the sleeve and engaging the casing, tubes passing through the 510m in the Hung@ of the, Sleeve und coxlln'nmica/tingg with the :Lil 01' steam. chamber, und mgled nozzle?)l tmd 'to the. @uds of the tube/5,.

il liquid or AgJLsecn'ls fuel humm-'comb p vsingg a casing having; two cmnpm'txnents therein, (me adapted tu Contain flel und bho other Stumm or all', Suid fuel chmnber having :m :mnulm: buss projecting from one Wnll with un uil o1: fuel duct Ending through Said 1mi-25, u* fuel pipe commu]lujungg with the dust., a dli, a 'vulve having; perfmx)tions of dm'ni, dimncteri-l therein? a Smm. in 11h@

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