US1062213A - Valve. - Google Patents

Description

R. DELAUNAY-BBLLEVILLB.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED PSB. 20, 1911. l l

E j Patented May 20, 1913.

2 SHEETB-SHEBT 1.

" R. DELAUNAY-BBLLEVILLB.

- VALVE. AIPLIOATION -FILED FEB. 20, 1911.

Patented May 20, 1913.

2 BHEETB--SHEET 2.

' employed as motor media.

I UNITED sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

msnm.' pELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, or sT. DENIS, siam:y FRANCE, AssIGNoR To so-` GIT ANQNYNE DES ETABLISSEMENTS nELANAY-BELLEVILLE, 0F sT. DENIS,

SEINE, FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FRANCE.

vALvji.

Loeaaia.

To all 'wom t may 'concem f Be it known that I, ROBERT DELAUNAY-- BeLLEviLLE, citizen of the French Republic,

residing at Sat-Denis, Department of the" Seine, in France, have invented certain new ing tobe a full, clear, and exact description 'of 'the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to 5 and these shoulders produce the closure;

make and use the same. A

The distributing members of elastic fluid engines should be balanced yat least partially to enable them to 'o rate without necessitating 'excessive e orts .of displacement. The realization of this condition entails a very serious inconvenience because'in proportion as'tlie balancing is improved leakages increase, the pressure being insuflicient for applying' the dls'tributer to its seat. An increase in the consumption of the motor fluid and a reduction in the efficiency of the .engine results from this.

The distributer hereinafter described serves to produce the balancing which is practically necessary for the Afree operation of the part and also 'for producing a good joint such as is indispensable for preventing leakages. This result is obtained by loadin the distributer 'while it remains at rest an relieving it at the Ino- Inent at which itis about to be operated. This distributer comprises a main valve, a' cylindrical slide valve and an auxiliary relieving valve.

The arrangement embodying .the invention is hereinafter described upon the assumption that the motor fluid is steam but it is applicable with all the elast-ic fluids It is represented by jwa'y of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a valve and casing the cylinder orifice being closed and the valve'restin'g upon its seat. Fig. 2 is a similar sectional view showing the cylinder orifice wide open and Fig. 3 isa similar view showing the valve descending and the cylinder ports already closed but the valvenot yet resting on its seat; it closes shoulder-to shoulder upon the admission of the steam. Fig. 4 ijs a sectional view of an exhaust valve embodying the invention. Figs. 5 vand 6 'are sectional views illustrating details.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led February 20, 1911.

Serial No. 609,777.

The outer vportion l, 1 forms part of the cylinder; the passages 2, 2 conduct the live steam which is introduced into the cylinder through the orifices 3, 3 distributed over the periphery andseparated by ribs. The parts 4, 4 housed in a boss in the cylinder constitute the valve holder. t

The valve 5, 5 comprises two diameters, and shoulders 6 and 62 are formed on `the valve holder 4 and on the valve 5 (Fig. 3)

they may be either plane or conical. The

Patented May '20, i913.

Supper part of the val-ve is much' elongated yand forms a guide. The lower part, which is short, is continued by the ribs 7, 7 the extremities of which are connected by the ring 8; the metal ring 9 which is slit in the manner of piston rings and forms a spring is by means of a nose engaged in the ringS and slides with friction in the valve holder 4. The ring 9 is the part obturatingthe orifices' 3 While the upper partof the valve form-s an obturation in fro-nt of the orifices 10 in the valve holder which register with the passages 2 through which the live steam is supplied. This latter obturation is not complete, however;- the steam reaches the valve through one or more small orifices 11 which permit of its access to the valve with the object hereinafter explained. Owing to this construction the valve differs from a slide valve in that it has two closures the ring 49 and the shoulder 62.

In the positionillustrated in Fig. 1 the valve rests upon its seat 6 and the steam is unable to pass fromthe conduit 2 into the `orifice 3 in the cylinder. It is only able to enetrate above the valve through the 4 ori ces 11 and exert a downward effort. upon this valve and by reason of the difference of the diameters this downward effort is more owerful than the` upward effort eX- erted by the steam which is beneath the valve and further the steam beneath the valve exerts less pressure than that exerted by the steam acting downward. Consequently, when the valve is applied to its seat it is not balanced and in order that it may be displaced'readily it is necessary to relieve the lressure of steam on the valve. The valve 1s relieved by lifting the small auxiliary valve l2 by means of its stem 13; owing to its small size this valve makes but little resistance. As soon as this valve 12 is lifted the steam which is able to flow above the valve 5 through the orifices 11 passes through the passages 14 and produces equality of pressure uponthe two faces of the valve 5 ;when this takes place'this valve is suiiciently relieved. As the upward movement of the valve 12 continues the stop 15A fixed to the stem 13 comes Iinto contact with the valve 5" and lthe latter is displaced. At this moment the lower end of the rod 13 uncovers the passages 16, 16 and a certain quantity of live steam enters the expansion' cylinder where' it increases the pressure of'; the steam compresed at the end of the stroke j 15 f the piston; this facilitates the change inl e bearing of the joints before the Aadmis,-v

sion takes place. This operation is espe` cally useful with very great expansions and 5 condensation `operation because the` steam withheld in the cylinder for the compression has a very small tension. During this small introduction of steam into the cylinder the entire valve mechanism is lifted, the pistonvalve uncovers the orifices 10 and the ring 9 then uncovers the-'orifices 3. The valve reaches the end of its stroke (Fig. 2) and the steam enters thro-ugh large passages into the cylinder in passing through the orifices 10 into the lower compartment of the valve between the ribs 7 and then into the orices 3 of the cylinder. The spiral spring 17 is increasingly compressed and it malntains the valve in contact with the stop 15 on the stem which prevents any vibration of the valve 5 and the valve 12 remains open.l

Fig. 3 represents the piston-valve at the point of its down stroke at which the closure of the orifices 10 by shoulder 62 of the valve begins; the ring 9 has already closed the orices3. The operating member of the valve stem such as a camvor trip gear has forced the stem to descend but the spring 17 which tends to force the valve downward at a greater speed than'the stem inoveshas pressed the valve downward and maintained this valve in contact with the stop 15 in such a'mannerl thatthe auxiliary valve 12 remains momentarily open. In the position shown in Fig. 3 the valve 5 in its de` scent shuts in live steam in the space 6. This steam is compressed and opposes resistance. This produces two results the first being that the valve reaches its position of repose without shock even in the case of trip gear operation; the second result isa momentary stoppage of` the VValve 'owing to which the auxiliar valve 12 in completing the downward stro e is able to close because the valve 5 only descends slowly; there is no longer any communication between the upper part andthe lower part of the valve an from this moment the pressure of the u steam which is in the lower part of the valve diminishes because this steam continues to be admitted to the\ cylinder where expan- -sio-n takes place through the passages 16l which are not obturated until somewhat later by the end of the stem 13. The result is that when the valve 5 rests upon its seat it is applied thereon by the pressure of the live steam upon its. upper face, while below there is expanded steam, the pressure of which is less. This valve is therefore loaded both owing to the difference ofthe sections and owing to the difference of the pressures. The valve has a double obturation one upon the seat 6 of the valve and. the other upon the ring 9 which the pressure of the steam although it is somewhat expanded presses against the oriices 3 because the pressure in the cylinder during the expansion and then during the exhaust is much smaller than that of this steam. If avforeign body should become linterposed Vupon the seat between the two bearing4 surfaces this would not prevent the central Valve'12 from. being closed because closing takes place before the bearing surfaces 6 and 6;l are in contact and as Athe ring 9 is of sufficient width to obturate the orifices 3 perfectly there would not be any leakage.

s Fig.) 4 represents the application of theA device to an exhaust valve. The numerals which are common to this ligure and to the preceding figures designate the same parts or similar parts. The valve holder 4 is tted into the boss 1 `arranged at a suitable part of the cylinder. The upper part of this valve holder is provided with orifices 10 for the discharge of the steam from the cylinder when the valve is lifted. The valve v 5 is represented in the closed position upon its seat and the ring .9 covers the discharge orifices 20. When the valve is lifted the l holds the valve 12 upon its seat when the valve `5 occupies its closed posit-ion. Slightly before the exhaust opens the rod 13 is operated, the spring 22 is slightly more compressed and the valve 12 opens. The fluid which`is in the cylinder passes beneath the valve 12 and enters the valve 5 through the orifices 25; equilibrium of pressure at once arises between the upper part and the lower part of the valve 5 and the valve'is relieved.

`When the exhaust is finished the valve descends, the steam imprisoned between the bearing surfaces of the valve 5 and of the valve holder 4 exerts its action and the valve 12y closes. There'are two closures: by the ring 9 and bythe seat 6 of the valve.v

Fig.' 5v shows at the left side a vertical s ecthis ring is cut away for a small width to `right and left of the slit and a snug 26 fixed upon the ring 8 prevents any displacement of the ring 9 relatively to the valve and hence the slit is always adjacent the rib. In this manner no leakage can take place because there is the same pressure above the edge of the ring as below it and the slit in the ring iscovered by the rib. Even if the ring 9 is not displaced relatively to the valve. however the lat-ter might move upon its seat and bring the slit in the ring opposite an orifice. The following arrangement obviates this defect. Fig. 6 represent-s at the left side a vertical section on the slit in the rin 9 and the right side a horizontal section through the middle of the ring. The ring 8 is cut away verticallvfor the reception of y the hook 27 which. is fitted into the recess and which exactly covers the ring 9 atv the slit with slight friction; the nose of the ring 9 is cut to the right and left of the slit and it is the hook 27 which prevents the ring from rotating. With this arrangement the slit is always covered upon the edges of the ring and no leakage can take place whatever the position of the ring relatively to theorifices may be. c

I claim: l'. In a slide Avalve, a valve casing provided with a valve seat, a valve to4 coperate with said seat, means to allow live steam to exert a seat maintaining pressure on the valve whenthe same is seated, means operative in the closing movement ofthe valve to entrap steam between the valve and valve seat before the steam is allowed to exert said pressure on the valve, and means to release said pressure to allow the valve to' be unseated.` l

2.' -In a slide valve, a valve casing provided with upper and lower passages, a main valve guided in said casing, a valve seat to coperate with said main valve, said main valve having an. upper portion and a lower portion adapted to close the upper andlower passages respectively, an auxiliary valve in the upper portion of said main valve, means to operate the main valve, means to entrap steam between said main valve and said valve seat in the closing of the main valve, the entrapping'of the steam enabling the a taining pressure on said main valve after the closing of the auxiliary valve, and means to open said auxiliary valve toallow said main valve to be unseated.

3. A slide valve comprising a valve casing provided with upper and lower passages, a main valve having upper and lower Aport-ions to close said passages, a valve seat to coperatev with said main valve, a valve stem carrying said main valve, an auxiliary valve seat in said main valve, stem to coperate with said auxiliary valve seat, a passage in'said casing adapted tobe opened and closed by said stem, means to allow live steam to exert a seat maintaining pressure on the main valve when the same is Seated, said auxiliary valve constituting means to release said pressure, and means to entrap steam between the main valve and said valve` seat when the valve is seating.

4. A slide valve comprising a casing, up-

lper .and lower passages in said easing, a

main valve having an upper and lower portlon to form closures to said passages, a valve'stem upon which lsaid maln valve 1s `loosely mounted, an auxiliary passage in said casing controlled by said valve stem, a seat in said casing with `which the upper portion of thel main valve coperates, an auxiliary valve disposed in said upper portion of the main valve adapted to be operated when-said stem makes a stroke in one direction, means to cause said main valve to move in advance of the stem when said stem -makes its return stroke to maintain the auxiliary valve in its opened condition, means to entrap a quantity of steam between said main valve and the seat with which it a valve on said uxiliary valve to be closed, Ameans to allow steam to exert a seat ma1n` coperates t0 check the movement of said main valve and thereby allow thelauxiliary valve to close before the stem closes the said auxiliary passage in the casing, and means to allow live steam to exert a seat maintaining pressure on said main valve when seate y In testimony whereof I ailix my signature, lin presence of two witnesses.

I ROBERT DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE. Witnesses:

DEAN B. MASON, Erma KLoTz.

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