US1048223A - Electromagnetic separator. - Google Patents

Description

H. STEIN. ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION IILED NOV. 2a, 1908.

1,048,223. Patented D. 24, 1912.

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vwmdo'c wi/tweooco UNI ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH STEIN, OFCOLOGNE, GERMANY.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

"Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

Application filed November 28, 1908. Serial No. 464,949.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Hnmmou STEIN, a

subject of the German Emperor, and resident of 15 Klapperhof, Cologne-on-the- Rhine, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Electromagnetic Separators, of which the following is a specification. The present invention relates to that kind of known apparatus for electromagnetic separation consisting of a number of magnet cores united 1n a system of definlte shape,

particularly as relates to the upper, outer or circumferential surfaces formed by the whole ofthe pole pieces, and by which the magnetism is brought to bear on the material for'treatment, such magnet cores being each provided with-a coil winding and a pole piece, and in which the material to be treated either falls directly on to a rotating magnet drum formed by the series of electromagnets arranged concentrically about the axis and each having a separate pole piece outside on the circumference and so forming a portion of the drum casing itself, or on to a separate drum or conveyer band of non-magnetic material, while the magnets remain fixed and form with their pieces a segment shaped system inside the rotating drum or a straight bandshaped system inside and along the working slde of the conveyer band. 7 v

In particular the inventionrelates to an improvement in the position and arrangement of the separate magnets forming the system and in the arrangement and shape of their acting pole pieces, whereby the magnetic attract-Ion and consequently the efficiency of the apparatus is considerably increased, that is to say, it is possible to ob-] trim a certain effect with a smaller number of magnets than hitherto.

Flgure 1 shows, somewhat diagrammatically, a longitudinal section through the drum; and Fig. 2 shows a section through the drum, on a radial plane between the middle and end thereof.

According to the resent invention the separate cores a are w1th their windings arranged horizontally at a certain distance outward from the axis, and where such is present, from the inner drum 6, being held parallel'and free therefrom, while at the sametime each pole-piece is shaped as a frame and so arranged that it incloses the corresponding magnetslengthwise as in a case, the two short upright parts of this pole piece frame being connected to the two opposite magnet core ends, while thetwo longer, horizontal parts of the frame taper above and below the core, that is, on the drum, lengthwise of the core and its winding, but at a fixed distance therefrom. This pole piece their forms, if the drum, as is customary, is to work by means of its outer circumference, with its external horizontal part, that is, on the side forming the drum, two ends 0 and 0 turned toward each other, proceeding from and influenced by the opposite ends of the magnet core a, consequently oppositely magnetized, which are insulated from each other.'

In the example shown there is first fixed on the inner drum 1) a foot 6 for each magnet, carrying at one end an upright side f on which is fitted the magnet core a, while the side f extends upward into one end a of the pole piece. At the other end of the foot e an upright side 9 similar in size and shape to the side 7 is fitted with'separately closed magnetic circuit, and suitably fastened either to the foot 6 or on the inner drum 6 or on the magnet core, which side 9 extends up forming the second similar pole-piece 0 The two pole-pieces c and c separated from each other by a magnetic insulation h, supplement one another in a form similar in size and shape to the usual pole-piece. It is however assumed in the example shown in the drawing that the two pole-piece ends, which in. their simplest form would abut against each other, have a special form and lines of force are better collected and the action considerably strengthened. The before described arrangement of the magnets with pole-piece ends projecting toward each other '5 need not however necessarily be adopted in the simplest form thereof as shown in the drawings; but may be modified without departure from the spirit of the invention.-

It is'not absolutely necessary for the magnet cores awhich in the drawing are shown as arranged in the simplest and most advantageous manner; should lie parallel to the axis of the drum or ring or any other .part, but they may be inclined or perpenvdicular thereto, or arranged inclined slightly upward or downward, or be of curved or .bent shape.

.While with the previously usual upright arrangement of the magnets on only the one upperend, that is, only one pole was utilized for the magnetic action and separation, with the horizontal arrangement according to the present invention both ends of the magnets are utilized, that is, two poles and along their whole length and on both sides. This forms a considerable advantage of the new arrangement, which is still further increased by two pole-piece ends of opposite polarity always coming into action jopposit-e each other. e The described arrangement of the magnets in combination with the frame shaped, divided, double ended pole-pieces of which one part f forms at the same time the carrier for the corresponding magnets, more conveniently permits, as shown in Fig. 1, two (oreven more) sets of magnets to be arranged in the direction of the length of the drum, separated from each. other by 40 insulation pieces 2', and in this case the upright pole-piece ends f-which carry the magnets a are preferably arranged in the center of the length of the drum, side by side, but separated by the insulation i, while the de- '45' tachable pieces 9 forming the pole piece ends 0 are then arranged on the two sides of the drum, being fitted on from the outside. The advantage is thus obtained that after removal of the piece 9 with the polepiece end a from the outside, access is given to the windings of the magnets a and they can be examined, repaired or replaced.

The frame shape of the separate polepieces whereby, the magnet core a carried by the upright piece 7- lies inside its polepiece as in a chamber, and whereby the whole of these magnet ring chambers unite to form a ring shaped chamber around the -innerdrum b,' the same whether-the drum .forms only such ring in the longitudinal direction, or as shown in Fig. 1 consists of two or more such rings, side by side, forms a further conslderable improvement and advantage for the apparatus. This enables, as shown in Fig. 2, by cutting a circular groove in the walls f and 9 outside the magnets a, that is, between these and the pole-piece ends 0 and 0 a cylindrical wall 7- of any suitable non-magnetic material, as for instance wood, brass,v pasteboard and the like, to be glued and fastened between the walls f and g, .in such a manner that it surrounds the magnets a of the ring at a certain distance and thus entirely incloses them and the space Z between the partit ion k and thepole-piece ends 0 and 0 can again be filled with a suitable watertight and non-magnetic material or metal. If the radial. joints between the separate parts 9 are then filled with a suitable watertight material, or the parts 9 fastened inside to an end piece of wood or other suitable mathe lower magnets of the series, by suitably arranging the wall and filling up the space Z between is and thepole-pieces and the radial points between the separate partition pieces y, can .be arranged in the water and the non-magnetic drum or the transport material being carried around or past same,

band with the material held thereon by the magnetic power, be allowed to pass through the water. In this way besides the separation of the magnetic material from'the material treated, a washing of the former is efl'ected, so that when for instance earthy or sandy particles or the like, or soluble salt compounds are attached thereto these are for the most part removed and the material is obtained much cleaner than was possible with previous apparatuses.

The leading of the current to and from the separate magnet windings can of course be effected in any known suitable -manner and in the same way it may be arranged in any known manner toalter the polarity or demagnetiz'e all or separate magnets, or to cut them out of the circuit or the like, in

particular for the purpose of throwing oil or allowing to drop at a suitable position the material to be treated, and for this purpose stripping appliances orljthe like may be arranged at the corresponding points.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by UnitedStates Letters Patent is In a separating magnet, opposite poles comprising horizontal extensions, the extension of one pole being intercalated between the extensions of the other poles, and.teeth 1908, in the presence of two subscribing wit formed by serrating the proximate edges nesses.

of adjoinin extensions the teeth of one ex- T w tension beiiig in alinenient with the spaces HE NRICH STJN' 5 between the teeth of the next extension. Witnesses:

In testimony whereof I have hereunto BERNH. Bnoozumus,

signed my name this 2nd day of September, LOUIS VANDORY.

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