US1045457A - Oil-burner. - Google Patents

Description

E. W. THOMAS. OIL BURNER. APPLIOATIOH FILED APILS. 1812.

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Y I M Patented Hem-26, 1932.

45 burner,

50 shell, so

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'Enwann wmm THOMAS, or srocnron, camroanm, ASSIGNOB or own-1mm? T CHARLES WILLIAM vormaun, or BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA.

cit-ensues,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD Wmcrrr THOMAS, a. citizen of the United States,

residing at Stockton, in the county of Sanv 5 Joaquin and State of California, have invented new and useful mprovements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

a This invention relates to an oil burner for v hydro-carbons. Y

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved oil burner, involving in its construction substantially but two "principal elements, so designed and related as to effectually commingle oil and an atomizing medium, such as steam, after these :latter have issued from the burner proper, and it is the particular object of the pres- I 'ent invention to devise and construct an oil burner having parts designed with the object-in view of increasing their durability;

the parts being capable of easy alteration.

for the production ofthe desired shape of An important object of the invention is to rovide a'hydro-carbon burner having a 11p section or portion,

chamber into which atomizing steam may freely flow, thereby imparting to the discharge lip a uniform degree of temperature,

the effect of which will be to pre ent the burning or gradual destruction of e part by the excess of heat due to combustion of the fuel adjacent the burner end, and it is also an important object of the invention to so peculiarly desi the elements that the oil to be consume will be discharged from its duct'onto the issuing sheet or et of steam from the steam orifice, in such a 40 peculiar proportion that the central area of the steam jet or spray will receive a relatively larger volume of oil than will the edges of the spray of steam. For the par pose of increasing the efiiciency of the when used in connection with cylindrical horizontal boilers, the spray 11p of the burner may be relatively concaved with an arc, the radius of which, more or less, conforms to the radius of the boiler that the,flameproduced by the combustion of the hydro-carbon will fogun a sheet of concavo-convex form from the burner and be substantially concentric to the surface of the boiler, thus more-leth- Specification of Letters Patent.

provided with a ciently utilizing the heat units of the burning gases and at the same time protecting the side walls of the firebox from contact with the flaring edges of the'flame from the burner. The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinaften more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 1s a perspective view of the proved burner. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the burner. Fig. 3 is a front Patented Nov. 26,1912. application filed April 8, 1912. Serial No. 689,132.

end view of a modification. Fig. 4 is an A 5 underneath plan view of the burner nozzle.

In its illustrated embodiment the burner comprises a head 2, to the rear end of which may be connected an oil supply pipe 3, and

a steam or other fluid supply'pipe 4; the

opposite end of the head 2 being provided with a suitable nozzle or nose portion 5 which is formed with lateral extensions or flanges 6-6, the lower transverse surface 7 of which may be appropriatel finished or dressed, and against this may lie firmly secured a lip or shelf 8, whose upper plane 9 is adapted to be sha ed to conform to the bottom surface 7 o the nozzle structure. The lip or shelf 8 may be secured to the nozzle 5 by any suitable means, as for instance, screws 10, extending downwardly through the lateral shoulder 6-6, and through screws 11, extending parallel with the head 2 through a flange 12, formed at 'the'rear' end of the extenslons 6-6. Preferably the nozzle 5 is of considerable less width than the shelf'or lip 8, and this is shown as being equal in-width to the total Width of the nozale 5 with its lateral flanges 6+6, and the lip 8 is shown as projecting considerably forwardly of the end of the nozzle 5 so as,

to form a table or plate at the surface .9,

over which steam may issue from a duct 13,.

formed in the lower" longitudinal portion of the head, the duct terminating in an orifice 14 formed in an over-hanging lip 15 in the transverse end of the nozzle 5. Preferably the duct 13 is opened downwardly and freely into a chamber 16, formed to occupy a-large portion of the interior of the'lip" 8, and when steam is admitted into the head 2 of the burner-through the pipe/h it fills the'chamher 16 until the temperature of the lip -8 is brought up by that of the steam in the chamber 16, and the entire volume of the lip 8 becoming uniformly heated by the steam in the chamber 16 it is found in actual practice that the lip 8 thus-heated is greatly preserved and its durability increased, enabling it to better resist the destructive effect of the heat of combustion,

. In operation the burner is erected in a suitable plane, generally horizontally in a fire-box, and oil is admitted through the oil pipe 3 to an oil duct or channel 17 extending longitudinally through the head 2 and above the steam duct 13, discharging through -an aperture 18 in the transverse end of the nozzle 5. I have found that it is extremely advantageous and effectual, especially when the burner is used under forced'conditions, to form the duct 17 with a segmental transverse area, this resulting in the discharge of the oil on a jet or sheet of steam issuing from the steam mouth 14 in a larger quantity at the central port-ion of the steam jet or sheet than adjacent the edges of the steam spray. A consequent effect of this peculiar deposit of .a greater quantity of oil over the central area of a steam spray is to produce an enriched mixture or atomization of the oil in the line of discharge of the nozzle, while the edges of the spray issuing from the steam mouth will be given'a suificiently great volume of oil to produce a good flame, the temperature of the flame at its edges being less than the temperature at its central portion, will be less destructive to the sides of the fire box, which obviously will increase the durability of the structure and the heatingv efficiency of the flame will be increased at the point needed most, due to the enrichment of the central portion of the flame which is discharged toward or adjacent the boiler to be heated.

By making the lip 15 of the mouth 14 of sufficient depth below the top of the channel 13, it is manifest that the desired quantity of steam may be obtained or allowed to escape from the chamber 13, according to the depth that the mouth 14 will be cut or recessed'in the lip 15. For instance, if under certain conditions a large quantity of steam is reuired, then the orifice 14 is deepened 1n the 11p 15; whereas, when asmall quantity of steam is desired the mouth 14 is made quite shallow; and again, the form of the flame in plan may be nicely determined and controlled by the angle which the sides of the mouth 14 may form relative the central longitudinal line of the nozzle 5, and as shown in Fig. 4, when a so-called fan-shaped blaze or flame is desired, the side edges or walls of the mouth 14 are flared outwardly as indicated. If a straight tongue like flame is desired to be produced, then the side walls of the mouth 14 are formed more nearly parallel to each other, and the width of the flame may be determined by the width of the mouth 14 as desired. I have found that the eiiiciency of the burner is increased by bringing the steam through the duct'13 into the chamber 16, where the pressure is allowed to equalize substantially with that in the steam supply pipe 4, 'so that the steam is applied immediately at the mouth 14 under the desired pressure with which it may be admitted into the chamber or duct 13; whereas, when the lip 8 of the burner is used without the equalizing superheating chamber 16 there is somewhat of a loss of pressure of the steam as it approaches the escape mouth 14, and this loss is entirely obviated bglviggthe formation of the large chamber 16 ji hich is adjacent the discharge mouth 14 of the nozzle. Under certain environs it,is desirable that the flame of combustion, instead of being discharged in a flat flame into the fire-box, be so discharged by the burner that it will attain a somewhat concavo-convex form, the curvature of the flame being intended to conform closely with the curvature of the boiler beneath which the burner is installed, and in Fig. 3 the burner lip 8 is shown as having its table or plate surface 9*" concaved and the adjacent lower surface of the nozzle 5is convexed with a similar curve to make a snug fit'with the curved lip section 9 and as the steam issues from the nozzle it will be given the desired curvature as indicated at a, Fig. 3, while in Figs. 1 and 2 the discharge lip or table 8 is shown as having its spraying surface 9 in a plane.

A peculiar and advantageous feature .of the present invent-ion is the provision of means whereby the burner may be readily cleansed as'occasion requires, and this I accomplish by forming in the bottom of the table or lip 8, a threaded aperture 19, into which may be fitted a flow-off pipe 20, in which may be mounted a suitable valve 21, and as necessary the operator may open the valve 21 and admit steam through the feed -pipe 4 and into the chamber 16 and effectually clean out the chamber 13 and the equalizing chamber 16. When it is not desired to connect up the blow-off device 20 the aperture 19 may be sealed with any suitable means as an ordinary taper plug, not shown.

\ Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An oil burner comprising a body portion having a chamber with a discharge oriflee, means for supplying oil to said chamher, a detachable and renewable table projecting forwardly from the body and beneath the discharge orifice, a steam chamber in said body said table being chambered and communicating with the steam chamber in the body, a lip on the body recessed to form a passageway from said steam chamber in the body to the front surface of the table, and means for supplying steam to the steam chamber in the body and to the chamber in the table for heating said table.

2 An oil burner having-a body portion in which are. formed longitudinalsuperposed channels for oil and steam, said channels terminating in a common plane at the transverse end of thebody portion, a lip across the tip of the burner recessed to form the discharge mouth of the steam channel, and

a renewable and removable chambered table, the upper surface of which forms the bottom wall of the steam discharge mouth, the chamber of said lip communicating with the steam channel of the body portion.

' 3. An oil burner comprising a body portion having superposed'oil and steam ducts, the oil duct having a segmental transverse cross section and the steam duct discharging througha mouth, a transverse lip in which the mouth is formed, at the end of the body portion and below the segmental oil duct, and a chambered table attached to and projecting forwardly from said body portion and forming the lower wall of the mouth,

and a chambered table attached to and pro-- jecting forwardly from said body portion and forming the'lower Wall of the mouth,.

said chamber in the table communicating iwith the steam duct in said body portion, and means for cleansing the burner, said means comprising a blow-o'fl' pipe attached to the chambered table-whereby steam may be conveyed through the burner body to cleanse the chambered table. V

my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v i:

' EDWARD WRIGHT THOMAS.

Witnesses:

F. F. BLACK,

J OH R. GminsoN.

7 '45 In testimony whereof I have hereunto set

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