US1043042A - Method of producing explosives containing nitro derivatives of common resin. - Google Patents

Description

U 'rns JscAR BIRGER cnnLson', or nausea, wears, awnings, as renoa r0 oso'an ran-Dara cAttnsoN', orsrocancrn, svvn'nnn'.

METHOD or rnobucme nxPLosivEs contrarmn'c ufrrao' DERIVATI ES or common nnsm.

Specification of Letters Patent.

mama Oct. 29,1912.

No Drawing. Original application filed rabmar 12; 1910, Serial No. 543,534. Divided and this application filed Jul 31, ii'a.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Osoan Blacnn CARL- SON, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of Mansbo, Avesta, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain neiv and useful Improvements in the Method of Pro ducing Explosives Containing Nit-r0 Derivatives of Common Resin, of which the following is a specification. i

The present invention is a division of my application Serial No. 543,534, filed February 12, 1910.

in the manufacture of explosives suitable oxygen carriers, such as nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates, have been used for a long time. However, the combustibles hitherto employed, have not been quite satisfactory and this is Why no considerable competition has taken plr between explosives containing a combusL. re and an oxygen carrier and such explosives which are based on theuse of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose. Hitherto several explosives containing a combusti blc and highly oxidized salts as oxygen carriers ha ve no doubt been produced, and some of them have also beenusablein many cases, but as to explosive power they have,- however, been inferior to dynamite and similar explosives. On account of their low specific gravity they have alow quantity of energy per unitof volume (in the fol-' lowing called density of energy), and, moreover, they lack the plasticity of dynamite,

this plasticity or elasticity making it ossible to press the dynamite into the boreole, so that it fills up all unevennesses in the same, whereby its effect is furthermore increased.

Several nitro compounds, especially aro matic compounds, have hitherto been usedas combustibles in explosives, but hereby neither plasticity nor high specific gravity is attained. An explosive which may be used for some purposes can be obtained by coating the grains of the oxygen carrier with the nitro derivative of resin. This explosive obtainsa certain degree of lasticity because the slippery grains sli e in all directions, when they are exposed pressure; the density of energy is, how ever, low. The volume Weight of such an explosive, aving for instance potassium chlorate as a base, isonly about 0.8, while that of dynamite is about 1.5.

Serial fie. 712,482.

The present invention refers to a method of producing a combustible which, mixed with a suitable quantity of an oxygen carrier, forms an explosive With high density of energy and which may also if desired, be given the required plasticity. It has been found that, by the action of nitro derivatives of common resin in crude or pure state upon organic nitro compounds,- tough and viscous products with low fusing points ar formed; The reaction is executed at an increased temperature of at least 40 C. and for a time of at least a number of hours or often days. By choosing suitable nitro compounds and by suitably varying the proportions of the same the toughness of the product may be varied as desired and the fusing point may also be varied between the freezing-point and higher temperatures. A common characteristic of all these compositions is that their physical and chemical properties are different from those of their constituents: All of them are dark brown, very viscous liquids which at rising temperatures gradually become more thin, and which are easily absorbed by pulverulent salts, but not at all or very little by paper, the latter not being actedupon by the same (in distinction from nitro compounds).

Other phenomena at the production of the present combustibles also indicate that not only an ordinary dissolving action takes place, but also a slowchemical reaction between the nitro derivatives of common resin on one side and the organic nitro compounds employed on the other.- A development gas takes placewhen the said products are fused though the temperature is generally held at 6070 Cent. and the inventor has in nocase used higher temperatur s than -100 Cent. No distillation of t e constituents can cause the development of gas. Furthermore, the properties of the product will not be constant before it has been heated to the fusing point during a long time, varying from some hours to some da s4 The fusing point ofthe mass varies Witin wide limits: In certain cases the same may rise during theh'eating, but generally it descends Other properties of' the product also cha e. i

As to t e roductfor ned truths chemical reactioct aoomposition at the same is too trated resin and organic intro-compounds be accomplished, as otherwise neither the qualities of the combustible nor those of the explosive become stable and constant.

By varying the percentage of the constits uents in the mixture explosives can be obtained which are adapted to difi'erent climates, seasons, etc, and which are plastic or not. Some examples ofexplcsives. containing a combustible agcording to the present invention and an oxygen carrier are indicated in the following:

1. 1 kilogram of combustible No. e-l-l kilograms of ammonium perchlorate; this explosive is plastic and tough at ordinary temperature; specific gravity 1.71.

2. 2 lnlograms oi combustible N0. 4=+7 kilograms of potassium chlorate; this explosive is plastic and tough, even at low temperatures; specific gravity 1.84.

3. l kilogram of combustible No. l+3 kilograms of potassium perchlorate; this piosive is plastic and tough; specific gravity 2.02;

The production of explosives oi the combustibles according to the present invention is very simple and requires simple apparatus on account of the fact that the mixing of the constituents and the molding of the mixture is very much facilitated by the doughy character of the product. If the explosives are adapted to be exported to countries with hot climates it in ay, for instance, be favorable to transport the constituents of the same separately and to mix them together just sitive to strokes. Hereby the danger connected with the producing and employment of the same is reduced to aminimum.

The combustibles produced according to the present invention are not soluble in Water, and thus the explosives made of the same become suiiiciently Waterproof. It is to be observed that the combustibles according to the present invention are much cheaper than the nitro compounds which have hitherto been used in the manufacture of explosives.v

The term an organic nitro compound in the claims is intended to cover a mixture of two or more organic nit-r0 compounds as 5 well as one only.

Having now described my invention What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isi 1. The method of producing combustibles t for explosives comprising heating a mixture of a nitro derivative of common resin and an organic nitro compound to a temperature of at least 40 C. for a time of at lgast a number of hours, substantially as (lie 6 scribed.

2. The method of producing explosives consisting in heating a mixture of a nitro derivative of common resin and an organic nitro compound to a tcn'iperature of at least 40 C. for a time of at least a number of hours and adding a solid oxidizing salt, substantially as described.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscrib-