US1041954A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

H. E! BEYER.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED OUT.18,1911.

4 Patented Oct. T42, 191

H. E. BEYER,

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED 001218, 1911. 4 2 5 41354. Patented 0cc.,22,1912.

2 SHBETSSHEET 2.

. H'H'J'Illliivlli lllhini nmin lilrigliii liisillii imlii h @FFEJE.

HERMAN EDWARD BEYER, or BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA.

connnusns.

Application and October is, ten.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that, I, HERMAN EDWARD BEYER. a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jeiferson and State of Alabama,

havev invented certain new and useful improvements in Condensers, of which the following .is a specification.

This invention relates to the condensation therefor.

t has for its object the obviating" of a defeet associated with the use of oohnter-current condensers, occurring whenever such operate at their maximum etiiciency. This defect is described in Weiss Patent No. 96,781, dated May 2nd, 1893, as a shifting from cminter-current to parallel-current condensation, whenever the counter-current condensation reaches the state where the temperature in the condensing chamber becomes equal to the temperature of the hot water running oil, orin other words, where the pressure in the condenser falls to the point at which the hot water in the waste pipe will boil. The condensation will then shift to a parallel-current condensation,

assing over into'a water separator provided or the purpose, this water sepa 'ator being of the withdrawal of the water running over .thereinto.

To automatically return the condensation to counter-current again. Weiss provides means for admitting air or steam into the condensing system so 'as to lower the vacuum thereiin thus creating a di'll'erence in the temperature of the hotwater running off and the vacuum in condenser chamber, which mi their true that the admission of air is a- Specification of Letters fatent'.

of steam and other vapors and to apparatus furnished with a barometric leg to permit causes the condensation to return to the Fatented Get. 22. 11187120 Serial No. fsfififl ll.

most unsatisfactory means to attain the ends in view by reason of the factthat it adds largely to the work required of the air pump which is necessarily used in count en current condensers and the sole duty of which is to remove the air. It will he evilient that when a. balanced condition as to premure exists between the condenser and the sepa.ratcr,'gravity will prevent any tendency of the water to flush over from the condenser into the separator and therefore my object is to effectively maintain a halanced condition as to pressure between the condenser and separator, and to this end 1' provide in addition to the upper connection between separator and condenser for air removal as disclosed in the Noise condenser and other coui'iter-current condensers. a supplemental connection leading from the lower end of the condenser and. preferably from helow false bottom therein into the lower part or the separator. The air pump will thus have a direct connection both to the upper end and the lower end of the condenser, and it follows that under abnormal operating conditions when the parallel current condition is set up, the tendency of the water to flush and till the upper connection between separator and condenser will not interfere with the rapid balancing of the pressures through the lower pipe connection which remains open and uninterrupted. it is in this respect that my invention essentially (litters from all other types of coun- K terJ-urrent condensers.

A further object of my invention is to protect the air pump from hot water or steam in the air drawn oil through the lower connection between condenser and separator and from the steam that tends to rise from the boiling over of the condenser and from the hot water in the barometric leg of the separator. To this end I interpose a valve -whieh is automatically closed by the Hushing action of the water to cut oil the air pump from the condensing system. I also provide a special cooling spray in the sepa rator through which all air and vapors drawn oii from condensing space through the lower connection must pass before entering the pipe leading to the air pump.

My invention further comprises the details of construction and arrangement of parts which in their preferred embodiment are hereinafter more particularly described ill) her i i and claimedv with reference to the accoinpartying drawings, in which Figure l. is a vertical sectional view through the condenser and separator. F 2 is a detail view showing the arrangement of the spray nozzle in the water separator. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the condensing apparatus operating as a counter-ciu-rcnt condenser. Fig. 1 is a similar view showing that apparatus under conditions of parallel current operation with the. connection to the air pump interrupted. l

Similar reference numerals refer to sumlar parts throughout the drawings.

In the preferred innbodinicnt of my in vention which is illustrated in the accompanyin drawings, but to the details of which do not desire to be limited, I show a metallic condenser body 1 having any suitable shape, and admit the eani or vapor to be condensed through an inlet pipe which is provided with a downwardly open ing discharge orifice which causes the steam or vapor to enter the condenser body at or near the center with adownward direction of How. The condenser body is provided. at its upper end with a water resrrmir 3 which communicates with the condenser body through a central opening surroinnled. by .a weir 4:. Water is admitted to the chamber 3 through a water inlet 5 and under nomlal operating conditions tends to flow therefron'i into the condensing chamber over the edges of the weir 4; and in addition through an opening 6 into a descending pipe 7 which communicates with a nozzle 8 disposed in the wate separator i). The water chamber is I X' )Yl( with an air outlet pipe 10 near its up ier end which opens into the upper end 0; the water separator 9. A pipe 1.1 is d osed in the upper end of the separator l and pas through a partition 12 at the top of the water scoarator. Preferably this pipe is provided with an. offset 13 so that it ipportcd by the partition 12 and. it. council y open top and. bottom. The upper end of the p pc 11 opens into a valve chunr in which I rovide a conical valve 15 ruountcd on a. rod 16 and suitably held in place own-(m. the upper end of. the rod proecting.through an opening in the cover 17 of the valve ch amber and being connected at its top end to a spring-receiving ca 18. This cap receives a coil spring 19 which is seated on'the cover 17 and tends normally to hold the valve 15 in the. position shown in Fig. 1. The spring is housedin an air tight casing 20. A nozzle 21, at the side of the valve chamber 14, is adapted to be connected by thc air pipe 22 to any desirable type of suction pump 2", having an air discharge port 38. The lower end of the rod. 16 passes through a central opening in a s1 ilci' fixed in the upper end of a bucket i s abl fast ning means bciog app lo the l )l the top ol pip ll rod to attach the bucket thereto. I provide the bottom of the bucket with a drainage opening 526.

The condenser body 1 is "upported by a flange 27 on a cone :3.) whi l1 .5 in turn supported by a barometric waste pipe 30 (Figs. 3 and il) extending into a hot well 35. The condenser body terminates in a false bottom formed by a cone 28 (Fig. 1) through the opening 510 in which the waste hot water passes from the condenser into thccone 2S) and then into the waste ipe 36. The false bottom being concentric with but smaller than. the cone 29 and projecting into it an annular chamber 31 is formed from which a pipe 32 leads to the water separator 9 at a point below thespra' nozzle 8 disposed in the lower portion 0 said separator. The separator terminates at a point below the connecting pipe 32 in a cone 33 supported on a barometric waste pipe 34 also extenduig into the hot well from whicln the waste water runs by means of an opening 37.

The pipes 10 and. 32, which form connec tions between the condenser body 1 with the water separa or 9, give simultaneous access to the aspirating action of the air pump to the top of the condenser body and to the clianil'ier 31.

Referring to Fig. 3, the normal operation of colmum-current condensation is shown. The cooiing water entering chamber 23 and flowing over the edges of the weir 4 con (lenses the steam or vapor entering through nozzle 2. The descending water will also, due to its velocity, carry through the 0 )ening 30 and into chamber 31, a portion 0 the air and incmulensablc gases which enter with the steam or vapor, from which chamber 31 they are immediately rcmm ed by the aspirating action of the air pump. A small portion of the cooling water from chamber 3 will flow by means of the pipe 7 into the spray nozzle 8, and this water. as it flows downward from the nozzle through the lower end of separator ii and waste pipe 3t into but well 35, will cool this air that is withdrawn from chamber 31. This cooling is made necessary due to the air having been in contact with the hot water running out of the main waste pipe 36, and this air will mix with the air entering the separator 5) through nozzle 10 so that all of the air will travel through the pipe 11 and from there into the air pump by means of air soc tion pipe 22, being discharged into the atmosphere through port 38.

Should the condensation shift to the water separator $7, shown in Fig. 4;, the water will flow over into I) through pipe ill and will then fill the bucket 25. which by its weight, when so filled overcomes the r :-.1 taucc oi the spring 19 and moves llicvahc in to losithe top of pip H. The living prevents any steam hot air or water entering ipe 22 so that the air pump is protected from damage and the uninterrupted connection afforded by pipe, 32, will, in the nature of things, rapidly-balance thepressure between 1 and 9. This balance thus restored, the condensation will surely and promptly return to the chamber 1 and thus stop the water running over into chamber 9. The bucket 25 will quickly drain itself of its weight of water so that the spring 19, aided by the suction action of the air pump on the valve 15, will surely and quickly open the valve 15 again, and automatically put the air pump in con nection with the condensing system so that the condensation can be conducted in its normal manner throughout the condensing system, as shown in Fig. Because of the cooling water spray at 8, no hot air can enter the air pump-directly after the condensation has been returned to chamber 1.

By the means as above described, I improve on the methods employed for shifting back to counter-current condensation from parallel-current condensation when such has occurred in counter-current condensers, enabling a quick recovery of the vacuum in condenser 1.

In place of the valve 15 as shown, I may use any other suitable closing device, such as a cock, a slide valve or the like which is closed automatically by the transfer of the condensation from the condenser to the sepwidely varied within the scope of my 1nven-.

tion which I consider to broadly cover the utilization of suction means to draw off said air and incondensable gases both from the upper and lower ends of the condensing chamber of a counter-current condenser.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a counter-current condenser, the combination of a condensing chamber, a water separating chamber, means to connect the upper and lower ends of said separatingand condensing chambers, and an air suction apparatus connected with the condensing system. p

2. In a counter-current condenser having a iaper admission port, a water chamber above the port, means to provide an air chamber below said port, a water separator, pipe connections from the water chamber to the separator and from said air chamber to the separator, substantially as described.

3. In a counter-current condenser having a condensing chamber and an air suction apparatus, the combination therewith of means to connect said air suction apparatus to the upper and lower ends of the condensing chamber, as and for the purposes dcscribedn at. In a counter-currcnt condenser having a condensing chamber a water separating chamber, and an air suction apparatus, the combination therewith of conduits connecting said water separator to the upper and lower ends of the condensing chamber, and means to cool the air and vapors which ilov. from the lower end of the condenser through said lower conduit to the air suction appa; ratus, substantially as described.

5. In a cmmter-currcnt condenser comprising a condensing chamber having a false bottom at its lower end and a waterchamber at its upper end, means to discharge thevapor to be condensed into said condensing chamber at an intermediate point, a water separator having an upper connection to the water chamber and a lower "connection to the space below said false bottom, and aspirating means connected to said separator, substantially as described.

6. in a countc1i'-currcnt condenser, a condensing chan iber, an aspiratin'g means connected to the lower end of said chamber where hot air tends to collect, and means to cool said air in its passage from'said chamber to said aspirator, for the purposes described.

7. In a counter-current condenser comprising a condensing chamber having a wa ter chamber in its upper end, a separating chamber having its upper end connected to said water chamber, a spray in said separator, means to deliver water from said water chamber to said spray, a connection below said spray to the lower portion of the condensing chamber, barometric water legs connected to said condensing and separating chambers, and "air suction means connected to the-upper end of said separator, substantially as described.

8. In a counter-currentcondenser, a condensing chamber having an air outlet port at its upper end, a barometric \vatcr leg connectedto the bottom of said chamber, false bottom in said chamber, an air-chamber formed between the bottom and false bottom of said separating chamber, and means to exhaust the air from said air chamber.

9. In a counter-current condenser, a condensing chamber, a separating chamber, a'n upper pipe connecting said chambers. a lower pipe connecting said chambers. an air suction pipe leading from the separator, a

valve for closing said pipe, means controlled by the flushing of waterthrough the upper pipe into the separator for temporarily closing said valve, and means to open said vah'e when the flushing of water stops, .5uhstanially as described.

10. In a countevcurrem condenser, means to 0011mm a suction apparatus with the upper and lower ends of the condenser, and

10 means t0 temporarily interrupt the sucticm 3 effect of said apparatus in thv mmhnsur H11" I der Conditions uf pumllvl-cmrcm wminmn.

tion.

In tustimuny whereof I ufiix my signature in presence of tsm witrmsses.

HERMAN EDWARD B BY ER.

Witnesses:

Nomi: W ELsn, R. D. JOHNSTON.

Images