US1041121A

US1041121A - Elastic-fluid turbine.

Info

Publication number: US1041121A
Application number: US52000109A
Authority: US
Inventors: Louis C Loewenstein; Leonard H Dyer
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1909-09-28
Filing date: 1909-09-28
Publication date: 1912-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 1929-10-15

Description

L. G. LOEWENSTEIN & L. H. DYER.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLIOATION 'IIL'ED SEPT. 28, 1909.

Patented Oct. 15, 1912.

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Lawma- L 0. LOEWBNSTBIN & L. H. DYER. ELASTIC, FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1909.

1,041,121; -Pat ented0ct.15,1912.

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L. G. LOEWENSTEIN'& L. H. DYER.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1909.

1,041,121, Patented 0ct.15,1912.

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LOUIS G. LOEWENSTEIN, F LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, AND LEONARD H. DYER, 0F

GREENWICH, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A.

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID romgmn.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, Louis C. LOEWEN- STEIN, a. citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of the city of Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, and LEONARD H. Dyan, a citizen of the United States, and

' a resident of the town of Greenwich. county necessities of any certain case may demand;

or the invention may'be used for simply avoiding the use of wet steam between stages without the need of primary superhcating, which is objectionable owing to the high heat required.

By this invention an increase of efficiency is also obtained by reducing the lengths of the steam connections and making the lines of the relieat'ers more compact,-thus reducing the radiation and other losses incident to longer flues.

Further objects are to permit the separation of the motor and generator and to com nect them by the main steam passage only, Without the need of further connecting the two by flues or steam passages forthe pur; pose of-reheating between stages by means of the furnace gases.

These and further objects will appear from the following specification and accompanying drawings, considered together or separately? In the drawings: Figure 1 is aside 'elva: tion, partly in section, of amultistag elastic fluid turbine embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof on the line 22 of Fig. 1. F ig.3 is a detail section of a modification of the structure;shownin Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a section-on: the'line/i it of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatical an of a marine layout, showing. a steam boiler,

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed September 28, 1909. Serial No. 520,001.

Patented Oct. 15, 1912.

turbine and an oil fuel tank. Fig. 6 is a diagraphic view of an elastic fluid turbine embodying our invention, showing the application of the invention to an arrangement in which additional steam is introduced into an intermediate stage from an extraneous source. Fig. 7 is a similar view, showing an application of the invention in which the steam is removed from an intermediate stage for industrial or other poses. Fig. 8 is a view similar to that of Fig. (3, but modified by the omission of the rcheater in the pipe connected to the extraneous source, and Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7, but modified as in Fig. 8.

ln all'of the views like parts are designated by the same reference characters.

According to one form of our invention, the elastic fluid between stages in a multipurstage elastic fluid turbine is reheated by a single furnace, the fines being arranged in parallelism with a common combustion chamber and the heat regulation being made by means of dampers.

Referring to Figs. 1' and 2, the turbine 1 has its shell 2 divided into stages 3, 4 and 5 of different pressures. Between each two stages are diaphragms 6 and. 7, the space 8 between forming a passage for the hot gases. Connecting these diaphragms are fluid passages f). These passages are shown as made of a plurality of tubes through which the steam passes from one stage to the next.

The elastic tluid is adapted to pass "through the fluid passages while the products of combustion of the furnace pass outside of said passages. Below the steam passages (but in connection therewith and substantially within the shell) is a furnace 10.

Abovefthe steam passages is a manifold or 'smoke'box 11 which communicateswith a furnace for the hustionv stack '12., ,lYithin eachf gas passage 8 is a damper 13. Battle plates l ifa r'e 'arran ed within the gas passages to'p'roperly. distribute the'hot gases arising fromi'th furnaceif Thefurnace illustrated is'an ordinary form of oil burning furnaceffuel being supplied to it from the pipe 15. The air passages 1(5 permit the entrance offair to the purpose: of supporting com Each. amper is mounted upon a ,shaft' 1T,fthr0ugh the agency of which its position nxay b cont lled 5 y means outside the'shell of the turbine. In connection with this portion of our invention, any form; of furnace may be employed. By means of the dampers 13 the temperature ofthe gases in'the gas passages-8, and consequently of the fluid-passages 9, may be precisely controlled and the" desired effects may be socured. This .will permit the steam (when.

such is used as the elastic fluid) to be reheated between stages to the necessary degree, to secure thedesirable results. One of these results, for instance, would be that the steam'couldbe maintained dry throughout each stage, preventing the erosive effect .of

a a wet steam on the buckets and increasing'the' l efiiciency of the turbine by utilizing dry. steam, although. this result we do not regard I as the most important;

, In theniodification shown inFigs- 3 "and.

. 4, the reheating is secured by .a parallel arulating each separate furnace.

rangement of individual furnaces and combustion chambers. The heat regulation, instead of being effected by dampers, is in this embodiment of the invention secured by reg- In this em bodiment of .our invention-instead of the furnace'9 lyingwithin a box attached to the shell and communicating therewith-each separate furnace is within its own box-18. The fuel supply pipe 15 is connected by a branch 19 to each separate "furnace. The separate valves 20 controlthe supply of fuel to each furnace.- By means of these-valves the amount 'of heat supplied toeach gas passage -and, consequently,-' to' each stage may be controlled within" exact limits.

Fig. 5 represents the application of the invention to a marine plant-.- The parts are v shown diagrammatically. In the drawing,

the turbine l, which-maybe of any form desired, is located aft of the oil fuel tank 21. The boiler or generator22 is located" for ward of the tank. For the purpose ofillustrating' the applicability of the invention to anoil burning plant, the boiler furnace is shown as connected to and'su-pplied fronithe. oil fuel tank, and the fuel is delivered to the furnace through the agency of the pump 23. The furnace (or furnaces) of the turbine, as

shown, is supplied by the same tank by means of a pump 24'. 25 is the main steam pipe connecting the generator 22and the turbine. 1-. This' view illustrates the practicability of locating the generator and turbinei atconi'enient points as determined by their own especial needs, and interposing the oilsupply tank at an intermediate position connected tothe generator, and located at the .plac'e' in the vessel best suited to it. Thereis noicommunication' between the gen"- erator and the turbine, except by means of the steam supply pipe. --If an attempt were made in such: a situation to reheat between stages by use of the flue gases of the main boiler furnace, such .an 'arrangement would require the passing ofthe flues through the oil supply tank',which would he obviously impossible; or, as an alternative, it would require that the steam from each stage be led to the main boiler flue "whi chwould be manifestly uneconomical;

- We have shown and described the invention in connection with a multistage steam turbine, and with the separate furnaces arranged to burn liquid fuel, but we desire to have it understood that the invention is not so limited, as any other. formof stage expansion elastic fluid motor, whether in' one or more shells, or composed ofone or. more elements, may be used with any, kind of elastic fluid, and the furnaces may burn any kind of fuel.

It is apparentfrom the foregoing description that, by reheating between the stages, we are able to secure a more advantageous steam, expansionthroughout the turbine; as, for instance, a. closer approach to true adla' batic expansion; or perhaps an sothermal expansion, as the necessities of any certain problem may demand. In other words, by

regulating the reheating at the various stages, it is possible to secure any theoretical expansiomthat may be desired, indep'endently of any'initial superheat. This we, regard as a great advantage because theheat is applied i-nfjust the stage where wanted and inthe correct quantity, which can be closely'regulatedby the means described and cannot be obtained by reheating by flue gases. A further advantage appears when it is required to extract steam from any certam stage for manufacturing purposes.

This extraction of steam will vary according to the needs of any manufacturing estabposed in' the conduit through which theaex tracted steam passes, for reheating, while Fig. 9 shows the connection for the steam, which is removed, as connected with one of the reheaters. In the latter structure the burner for that particular reheater may be ad usted so as to secure the desired amount of reheating. An automatic device can be installed so that, when the quantity of ex- 'tracted steam changes, the-amount of fuel fed to this particular furnacemay beincreased c t-decreased to a certain and definite lishment, and it is apparent that in some be raised to the necessary temperature. Figs.

6 and 8 illustrate embodiments of this idea, Fig. 6 showing the rehcater in the conduit from which the steam is introduced into the turbine, from extraneous. sources, such as auxiliary machinery in marine work, and Fig. 8 illustrating the connection made directly with one of the interstage reheaters, the temperature being controlled by the furnace of that reheater.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, we have described the principle of our invention, together with the apparatus which we now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but we desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that the invention can be carried out in other ways. i.

Havingnow described our invention, what we claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A multistage elastic fluid turbine, having a furnace within its shell for reheating elastic fluid between stages.

In a powerplant, in combination with the source of steam supply and a multistage turbine, of means for reheating steam between stages, such means being independent of the source of steam supply.

3. A power plant which comprises a generator an'd furnace and a multistage motor,

of means for reheating steam between stages, such means being independent of the generator furnace.

4. A multistage steam turbine, with a main generator, and having means for reheating steam between stages, such means comprising a furnace with independent firing.

5. A multistage steam turbine, having means for reheating steam between stages, such means comprising a separate furnace for each stage.

6. A multistage steam turbine divided into stages with a furnace within each stage for reheating the steam therein.

7. A multi-stage elastic fluid turbine, having a main generator and heating furnace therefor, and means for re-heating fluid between stages, said means comprising a separate furnace located at a distance from the main generator furnace.

8. A multi-stage elastic fluid turbine, in combination with a main generator and heating furnace therefor, a storage receptacle for fuel located between the generator and turbine, and a separate re-heating furnace located on the same the turbine.

This specification signed and witnessed this 23 day of Sept, 1909, and 30th day of August 1909 respectively.

. LOUIS C. LOEWENSTEIN.

LEONARD H. DYER.

Witnesses to signature of Leonard H.

Dyer:

J omv L. .Lo'rsorr,

ANNA 'L. Tsunami.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. O.

side of the receptacle as