US1038977A - Regulating device for reaction-turbines. - Google Patents

Description

H. A. SINGRI'I'N.

REGULATING DEVICE FOR REACTION TURBINES.

' APPLICATION FILED APR. 23, 1912. 1,03 ,977..

Patehted Sept. 17,191

2 SHEETSBHEET 1.

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WITNESSES Q INVENToR Him?! ALBERT S/N rRiiN H. A. SINGRfiN.

REGULATING DEVICE FOR REACTION TURBINBS.

APPLICATION FILED 11.23, 1912.

- Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

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M2 WW TED srAT S PA N E -r:

HENRI ALBERT smenfin, or Erma; FRANCE, ASSIGNOR. 'ro socIErn DES E'rABLIssE- nnrs srneniimor airman rmncn.

nneurnrme DEVICE am REACTION-TURBINES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRI ALBERT SIN- GRiiN, acitizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Epinal, Department of Vosges, France, haveinventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Regulating De vices for Reaction-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. Hydraulic reaction turbines allow of obtain-- ing with high efficiency a high runningspeed "and all theadvantages accruing therefrom.

Thisresult is obtained by carrying thedegree of'reaction o f-these tlirbines 'to the extreme limits; b ut then the efli'ciency .falls considerably when the power required or the volume of water at disposal is variable, because there exists onlya single point of opening of'the regulator which will correspond to the most favorable degree of reac ti'onfthat for which' the turbine. is constructed. Indeed the relation between the sectional area of the water inlet: and that of its exit from the blade chamber alterswit-h every position of opening, of the regulator, because the sectional area of its exit remains constant While that of the inlet varies.

obviate this reduction of efficiency and in particularmoving parts revolving'integrally 3 with the driving wheel have been employed tovary the sectional area of the exit from the blade-chamber; but the efiect of cen; t-rifugal. force added to the 'wear and the difliculties of upkeep caused by sand and grit carried along by the water were 'found to be so harmful that the application of these complicated, devices has not been developed.

. The present invention has tor object to remedy these disadvantages; it allows of:

v maintainix 1g a c'onstant hydraulic efficiency even with .very variable outputs, producing at all degrees of admission an absolute constancy of the relation between the sectional area of the water inlet through the distribu- .ter and the sectional area of the outletfrom the blade-chamber. This result is obtained ,by means of a regulating deviceaindependent V of the power wheel and not participating in its rotational movement. The accompanying drawings represent by way of example three methodso carrying out the inyentionj f Figure l shows in vertical'section "the application of the'device to a turbine having.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed April 23, 1912. Serial No. ($2,653.

centripetal and the discharge both centrifumerous proposals have been made in'order to ;,shaft 5 by. hand or otherwise,

PatentedSept. 17, 1912.

centripetal inlet and centrifugal out-let.

Fig. 1 is apartial side elevation. Fi 2 shows in vertical section the device app ied to a mixed turbine of the Hercules-Frog ress or similar type, in which the inlet is gal and parallel to-the axis of the turbine. Fig.3 shows in vertical section the device applied to a' turbine with movable guides of the Francis type in which theiihlet is centripetal and the discharge both centrifugal and parallelto the axis of the turbine.

1 In Fig. 1, a is the shaft of the turbine, 11 the power-wheel with centripetal inlet and centrifugal'discharge, c the water inlet distributer, d the dome or'casing inclosing the turbine, e thedischarge or tail-pipe. A cylindrical regulator 7 allows of obstructing the inlet-orifices in the distributer while a second'cylindrical regulator g allows of 0b structing-the' outlet passages from the bladechamber; The regulator g is connected by rods h to the operating mechanism 2' ofthe, regulator f so that the two move together. 1 The amplitude of the movementsis deter- 30 mined in such a way that the sectional area of the outlet. remains always proportional to the sectional area of the admission, which provision allows of preserving in all positions of opening the degree of reaction which is the most favorable intheory and practice. The operating mechanism z' may comprise ahorizontal shaft '5 turning in bearings 6 on the cap 7 and carrying pinions (within the hoods -15) gearing in-to ver- 9i) tical racks 8, 8 onthering 9, which carries the gates of the regulator f, f. On this same shaft are pinions 10 with which gear into vertical racks 11 (Fig. 1) on the upper ends'of the rods h, so that by turning the the gates f and 9 may be raised or lowered. g

'In Fig. 2, the same lettersindicate the same parts as in Fig. 1; the power-wheel b has centripetal inlet/and mixed discharge 10o thatis ,to say centrifugal discharge through the tubee and discharge parallel to the axis through the central tube 1'. The rods 7:. are extended and terminate in heads h. They slide freely through sockets 9 carried by the regulator 9. Consequently the move ment-of the two regulators f and gbecomes v,

simultaneous only after a certain point in the stroke, when the heads h' abut against the socket 9 Only at this point does theoutlet regulator. begin to afiect the degree of reaction of the turbine.

After having passed through the blade chamber, the water flows in the case of Fig. 1 through the free annular sectional area of the tail tube 6, and in the case of 2 through the central tube 7' if the regulator 9 1s closed and through both the central tube 7' and the free annular area of the tube 6, if the regulator g is open. When the tube acts under vacuum, the tubes 0 (Fig. 1). or e and 7' (Fig. 2) form'suct-ion'- tubes. In this case, if the turbine is work ing with reduced admission of water, the normal sectional area of the discharge tube may be too large for the volume of water, which may lead to a failure ofthe priming ofithe water column. The arrangement of the two tail tubes j and e (Fig. 2) remedies this disadvantage. Indeed, in the case of reduced admission, the discharge tube 6 is obstructed by the regulator g in such a way that the sectional area of discharge is very considerably reduced.

Fig. 3 shows the application of the device to a turbine with movable'guideblades of The rods h controlling the Francis type.

the pivotal may be applied to all other system of turbines vertical or horizontal.

Claims:

1. A regulating device *for reaction tur-' bines, comprising means for controlling the sectional area of the inlet to the turbine wheel and means for controlling the sectional area of the discharge outlet from the wheel, and means for operating the same to secure a proportional modification of the sectional area of said inlet and outlet passages, for the purpose described. I

2. A regulatmg device for reaction turbines, comprising means for controlling the sectional area of the inlet to the turbine wheel and means for controlling the sec.- tional area of the discharge outlet .from the wheel, and means for operating the same to secure a proportional modification of the sectional area of said inlet and outlet passages and being independent of the turbine wheel and its mot-ion, for the purpose described.

3. A regulating device for reaction turbines comprising means at the inlet and discharge ports of the turbine for controlling the flow therethrough, said controlling means being independent of the turbine wheel and its motion, and being regulable to secure a proportional modification of the sectional area of said ports, as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRI ALBERT SINGRUN. Witnesses CHARLES DONY, LiioN PEILLY.

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