US1038847A - Method of producing explosives containing common resin. - Google Patents

Description

METHOD or rnonucme pxrrosrvns conrsirmre coin-non Bas n.- 1

No Drawing.

earns a OSCAR BIRGER CARLSON, OF MANSBG, At ESTA, SWEDEN, .ELSSIGE FREDRIK CARLSOZT, 035' STOCKHGLBE, SWEDEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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To uFZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, Ososn BIncEn CARL- sox, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of .iiansbo, Avesta, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of Producing Explosives Containing Common Resin, of which the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of explosives suitable oxygen carriers, such as nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates, have been used for a long time. However, the comhustibles hitherto employed, have not been quite satisfactory and this is why no considerable competition has taken place between explosives containing a combustible and an oxygen carrier and such explosives which are based 'on the use of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose. Hitherto, several explosives containing a combustible and highly oxidized salts as oxygen carriers have no doubt been produced, and some of them have also been usable in many cases, butas to explosive power they have, however, been inferior to similar explosives. On account of their low specific gravity they have a low quantity of energy per unit of volume (in the following called density of ener and, moreover, they lack the plasticity of dynamite, this plasticity or elasticity making it possible to press. the dynamite into the bore hole, so that it fills up all unevennesses in the same, whereby its efiect is furthermore increased.

Several nitro' compounds, especially are matic compounds, have hitherto been used as combustibles in explosives, but hereby neither plasticity nor high specific gravity are" attained. An explosive which may be used for some purposes can lie-obtained by coating the grains of the oxygen carrier with the nitro derivative of resin. (See divisional application Serial No. 712,482, filed July 31,- 1912. This explosive obtains a certain degree of plasticity because the slippery grains slide in all directions, when they are exposed to pressure; the density of energy is, however, low. The volume weight of such an explosive having for instance potassium chlorate as a base, is only about 0.8, while that of dynamite is-about 1.5.

The present invention refers to a method of producing a combustible which, mixed dynamite and,

with a suitable quantity of an oxygen car- .rier, terms an explosive with high density 4: i or energy and which may also if desired, be

found that, by the action of common resin in crude or pure state upon organic nitro compounds, tough and viscous products with low fusing points are formed. is executed at an increased temperature of at least 40 C. and for a time of at least a number of hours or often days.

v By choosing suitable nitro compounds and by suit-ably varying the proportions of the same the toughness of the product may be varied as desired and the fusing point may also be varied between the freezing point and higher temperatures. A common characteristic of all these compositions is that their physical and chemical properties are difierent from those of their constituents; all of them are dark brown, very viscous liquids which at rising temperatures gradually become more thin, and which are easily absorbed by pulverulent salts, but not at all or very little by paper, the latter not being acted upon by the same (in distinction from -nitrocompounds). Other phenomena at the production of the present combustibles also indicate that not only an ordinary dissolving action takes place, but also a slow chemical reaction between the common resin on one side and the organic Intro-compounds employed on the other. A development. of gas takes place. when the said products are fused though the temperature is generally held at 70 Cent. and the inventor has in no case used higher temperatures than 90l00 Cent. No distillation of the constituents can cause the development of gas. Furthermore, the properties of the product will not be constant before it has been heated to" the fusing point during a long time, varying from some hours to some days. i The fusing point of the mass varies within I wide limits; in certain cases the same may rise during the heating, but generally it descends. Other properties or the product also change.

As to the product formed by the chemical reaction the composition of the same is not known, nor is I it known which constituents of the common resin take part in the reaction, and it is supposed to be very difficult to determine this, especially in consideration of the. fact that the composition of Patented Sept.1?,iti2. Application filed February 12', 1910. Serial No. 543,534. 3

given the required plasticity. it has been The reaction man constituents of the common resin not own. However, it seems to be 6V1- dent, that all the constituents of the norm mon resin do not take part inthesaid reaction, but that the mass obtained formsa'solution of the products of the reaction in the unchanged constituents' This seems 'to be clear by the fact that sometimes certain constituents crystallize out prior to other constituents, and a mass of buttery char acter is formed. A

'An example of a combustible accordin to'the present invention is cited in the to lowing: -l kilogram of. 2.4-dinitrotoluene+ 1 kiigram of common,. jresin; solidifies at 50 In the indicated -example','.the reaction is;

efiected at a temperature of 60-7 0 C..but

the same ma be allowed to increase to 90100 .0. without inconvenience. If, this temperature be exceeded, a dark, burned and charred product will easily' arise which does not dissolve in the smelting but forms solid grains. An. explosive produced fromsuch' a burned combustible does not keep una1-. tered when stored up but it gets hard after some time, and it may only with difiiculty be brought to explosiom Consequently, it-

is of the greatest importance that the temerature used in the production of the comustible be not allowed to increase so much that such a burned product arises. On the other hand it is also important that thei heating becomes high enough and is continued so long that the said chemical reaction which takes place slowly between common resin and organic nitro-compounds be accomplished, as otherwise neither the gualities of the combustible 'nor those of the explosive become stable and constant.

Byvarying the percentage of the constituents in the mixture explosives can be obtained which are adapted to difierent climates, seasons, etc., and which are plastic or not. Some examples of, explosives, containing a combustible according to the present invention and an oxygen carrier are indicated in the following:

1, 1 kilogram of the above combustible-{- 3.5 kilograms of ammonium perchlorate;

this explosive is plastic and tough at ordinary temperature.

2. 2 kilograms of the above combustible-{- 6.3; kilograms of potassium chlorate this explosive is plastic and tough, even at low. temperatures.

3. l kilogram of the above combustible+ substantially as described.

2.8 kilograms of potassium perchlorate; this explosive is plastic and tough.

The production of explosivesof the combustibles according to the present invention is very simple and reqmres simple-apparatus on account of the fact that themixing of the constituents and the molding of w the mixture is very much facilitated by the doughy character of the product.

If the explosives are ada ted be used. Ex'plosives. produced according tothe present invention can be caused toexplode only by very powerful'impulses. When ignits-d they burn calmly and are very insensitive to strokes. Hereby the den or con-i nected with the reducing andempoyment have hitherto been used in the manufacturo of exmlosives.-

The .term f an or 'anic nitro com 011ml in the claims'is intended to cover a mixture to -be-exported to countries with hot 0 im'ates itmay, for instance, be favorable to transport-the constituents of the same so arately and to mix them together just be ore they are to of'two or more organic-nitrocompounds as well as one only.

What I claim is: 1. The method of producing combustibles fpr explosives comprising heating a mixture. of common resin and an orgamc-mt-ro com pound to a temperature of at least40 C. for a time of at least. a number of hours,

2. The method of producingexplosives consistm in heating a m1xtureof common resin and an orgamcmtro compound to a temperature of at least 40 C; for a time of at least a number of hours and adding a solid oxidizing salt, substantially as described. p 7 V In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed ray-name 1n the presence of two sub scribing witnesses. I

v OSCAR BIRGER CARLSON.

W'itnesses Axnn EHRNEH, HEDING MELIND R,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

1 Washington, D. (3. i