US10385720B2 - Method for providing coolant to a movable airfoil - Google Patents

Method for providing coolant to a movable airfoil Download PDF

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Publication number
US10385720B2
US10385720B2 US15/036,856 US201415036856A US10385720B2 US 10385720 B2 US10385720 B2 US 10385720B2 US 201415036856 A US201415036856 A US 201415036856A US 10385720 B2 US10385720 B2 US 10385720B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
vane
seal
platform
aperture
opening
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US15/036,856
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English (en)
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US20160298484A1 (en
Inventor
John D. Teixeira
Thomas N. Slavens
Raymond Surace
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RTX Corp
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United Technologies Corp
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Assigned to RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
Assigned to RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE AND REMOVE PATENT APPLICATION NUMBER 11886281 AND ADD PATENT APPLICATION NUMBER 14846874. TO CORRECT THE RECEIVING PARTY ADDRESS PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL: 054062 FRAME: 0001. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE CHANGE OF ADDRESS. Assignors: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
Assigned to RTX CORPORATION reassignment RTX CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F01D5/186—Film cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/041—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector using blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
    • F01D9/065—Fluid supply or removal conduits traversing the working fluid flow, e.g. for lubrication-, cooling-, or sealing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/563—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/50—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a gas turbine engine with an adjustable vane. More particularly, the disclosure relates to an adjustable vane sealing arrangement.
  • a gas turbine engine uses a compressor section that compresses air.
  • the compressed air is provided to a combustor section where the compressed air and fuel is mixed and burned.
  • the hot combustion gases pass through a turbine section to provide work that may be used for thrust or driving another system component.
  • a turbine section typically has one or more fixed stages and one or more rotatable stages.
  • a typical cooling scheme is to feed the cooling air though openings in fixed stator vanes. Such openings are situated directly over the attached airfoil, such that the cooling air enters directly into passages internal to the airfoil.
  • Inner and outer diameter platforms serve to constrain the stator vane relative to the static structure of the turbine section, and additionally serve to define the inner and outer diameter flow path boundaries.
  • variable stator vanes may be used in the fixed stage where the airfoil portion of the vanes is rotatable about a radial axis.
  • such turbine vanes include an airfoil and a cylindrical trunnion that connects the airfoil to a support structure, such as inner and outer cases, via a set of bushings or bearings. Cooling air may be provided to the airfoil through an aperture in the trunion. There is typically a gap between the moveable airfoil section and the support structure that permits the airfoil section to rotate freely without interference or binding with the support structure.
  • One or more actuators selectively rotates the airfoil section of the variable vanes about the trunions between desired positions.
  • a gas turbine engine with an adjustable vane includes a platform with a hole and an aperture.
  • a vane is supported for rotation relative to the platform by a trunion that is received in the hole.
  • the vane has an opening that is laterally spaced from the trunion and is in alignment with the aperture.
  • the vane includes an airfoil with a cooling passage in fluid communication with the opening.
  • the platforms include an outer platform having a boss.
  • the boss circumscribes the aperture.
  • the outer platform includes a groove that is opposite the boss and adjacent to the vane.
  • a seal is provided in the groove and is engageable with the vane.
  • a cooling source is in fluid communication with the outer platform.
  • a passageway extends through the boss to the groove and is configured to supply fluid from the cooling source to the seal to urge the seal into engagement with the vane.
  • the aperture is larger than the opening.
  • the seal circumscribes the aperture.
  • the vane is moveable between fully opened and closed positions.
  • the vane opening remains within the seal boundary in the fully opened and closed positions.
  • the opening is an entrance.
  • the cooling passage includes an exit opposite the entrance.
  • the platform includes an inner platform that has a recess that is in fluid communication with the exit.
  • the inner platform includes a groove that is opposite the vane.
  • a seal is provided in the groove and is engageable with the vane.
  • a cooling source is in fluid communication with the outer platform.
  • a passageway extends through the boss to the groove and is configured to supply fluid from the cooling source to the seal to urge the seal into engagement with the vane.
  • the aperture is larger than the opening.
  • the seal circumscribes the aperture.
  • the vane is moveable between fully opened and closed positions. The vane opening remains within the seal boundary in the fully opened and closed positions.
  • the vane is arranged within the turbine section.
  • a circumferential array of fixed and adjustable vanes is included.
  • an adjustable vane for a gas turbine engine in another exemplary embodiment, includes an airfoil that is arranged between opposing trunions extending from opposing sealing faces. An opening in one of the sealing faces is laterally spaced from one of the trunions.
  • the airfoil has a cooling passage that is in fluid communication with the opening.
  • an opening is provided on each of the sealing faces.
  • the trunions are not in fluid communication with the cooling passage.
  • bushings or bearings are supported on each of the trunions.
  • a method of cooling an adjustable vane for a gas turbine engine includes supporting a vane for rotation relative to a platform about a trunion, and energizing a seal provided between the platforms and the vane to seal a gap between the platforms and the vane.
  • the method includes the step of supplying cooling fluid to the vane from an area adjacent to the trunion.
  • the platform includes an inner platform and an outer platform.
  • the method includes the step of energizing a seal that is provided between at least one of the outer and inner platforms and the vane and engaging the vane with the seal.
  • the supplying step includes providing a cooling fluid to the interior of the vane.
  • FIG. 1 is a highly schematic view of an example turbojet engine.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of a variable stage.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are top elevational views of the variable stator vane in the fully closed and fully opened positions, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of a variable stage having fixed vanes with the variable vane removed.
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the variable stator vane.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view through the variable stator vane illustrating a sealing configuration.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example turbojet engine 10 .
  • the engine 10 generally includes a fan section 12 , a compressor section 14 , a combustor section 16 , a turbine section 18 , an augmentor section 19 and a nozzle section 20 .
  • the compressor section 14 , combustor section 16 and turbine section 18 are generally referred to as the core engine.
  • An axis A of the engine 10 is generally disposed and extends longitudinally through the sections.
  • An outer engine duct structure 22 and an inner cooling liner structure 24 provide an annular secondary fan bypass flow path 26 around a primary exhaust flow path E.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of a variable stator vane stage 28 , which is provided in the turbine section 14 , for example.
  • the disclosed variable stator vane can be used in the fan or compressor sections, if desired.
  • the disclosed variable stator vane arrangement can be applied to turbojets, low bypass turbofans, high bypass turbofans, geared turbofans, two spool engines, three spool engines, augmented engines, and/or engines with one or more bypass streams.
  • a case 30 supports an array of circumferentially arranged fixed and adjustable stator vanes 36 , 38 extending between radially spaced apart inner and outer platforms 32 , 34 .
  • the outer platform 34 includes a circumferential channel 40 arranged between forward and aft rails 42 , 44 .
  • a cooling source 46 is in fluid communication with the channel 40 to supply cooling fluid to the fixed and adjustable vanes 36 , 38 .
  • the adjustable vane 38 includes outer and inner trunnions 48 , 50 ( FIG. 5 ) each received in a corresponding hole 54 in the inner and outer platforms 32 , 34 , as best shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Each trunion 48 , 50 may have a bushing or a bearing between it and the inner and outer platforms 32 , 34 .
  • a controller 56 commands an actuator 58 connected to a linkage 60 that is coupled to the outer trunnion 48 .
  • the actuator rotates the airfoil 51 of the adjustable vane 38 between fully closed and fully opened positions, shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B , respectively, to control the flow of fluid through the engine's core flow path.
  • Cooling fluid is communicated from the cooling source 46 through an aperture 64 extending through a boss 62 in the outer platform 34 , as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the adjustable vane 38 includes an opening 66 that provides an entrance to a cooling passage 68 within the airfoil 51 , shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the airfoil may include multiple film cooling holes 70 in the exterior airfoil surface 72 that are in fluid communication with the cooling passage 68 .
  • the aperture 64 is larger than the opening 66 such that when the adjustable vane 38 is moved between the fully opened and closed positions, the opening 66 remains within the aperture 64 .
  • the outer platform 34 includes a groove 74 opposite the boss 62 .
  • a seal 76 is arranged within the groove 74 and is engageable with a sealing surface 80 of the adjustable vane 38 .
  • the seal 76 circumscribes the aperture 64 and seals an end wall gap 77 provided between the sealing face 80 and the outer platform 34 .
  • Passageways 78 fluidly connect the channel 40 and the groove 74 to supply cooling fluid from the cooling source 46 to the groove 74 , which energizes the seal 76 and urges the seal 76 into engagement with the sealing face 80 .
  • the inner platform 32 includes a recess 84 that receives the cooling fluid from an exit 82 of the cooling passage 68 .
  • a passageway 178 fluidly connects the recess 84 to a groove 174 in the inner platform 32 .
  • a seal 176 is arranged within the groove 174 and circumscribes the recess 84 . The seal 176 is energized by the cooling fluid to urge the seal 176 into engagement with the sealing face 180 to seal the end wall gap 177 .
  • the disclosed sealing arrangement enables cooling fluid to be efficiently communicated to the adjustable vane while minimizing leakage of the cooling air. Transferring the cooling fluid to the adjustable vane at an area adjacent to the trunnion rather than through the trunnion enables an efficient and simple sealing arrangement with a feed area that is not limited by the trunion geometry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US15/036,856 2013-11-25 2014-11-03 Method for providing coolant to a movable airfoil Active 2036-04-21 US10385720B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/036,856 US10385720B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2014-11-03 Method for providing coolant to a movable airfoil

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361908387P 2013-11-25 2013-11-25
PCT/US2014/063647 WO2015108606A2 (fr) 2013-11-25 2014-11-03 Procédé pour amener un liquide de refroidissement sur une surface portante mobile
US15/036,856 US10385720B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2014-11-03 Method for providing coolant to a movable airfoil

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US20160298484A1 US20160298484A1 (en) 2016-10-13
US10385720B2 true US10385720B2 (en) 2019-08-20

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EP (1) EP3090146B8 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015108606A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10961978B2 (en) * 2015-01-30 2021-03-30 GE Renewable Techologies Turbine unit for hydraulic installation

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015026597A1 (fr) * 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 United Technologies Corporation Agencement de turbine à section variable à modulation de flux secondaire
EP2949871B1 (fr) * 2014-05-07 2017-03-01 United Technologies Corporation Segment d'aube variable
FR3099204B1 (fr) * 2019-07-24 2022-12-23 Safran Aircraft Engines Etage redresseur de turbomachine avec passage de fuite d’air de refroidissement a section variable suivant orientation des aubes

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10961978B2 (en) * 2015-01-30 2021-03-30 GE Renewable Techologies Turbine unit for hydraulic installation

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Publication number Publication date
EP3090146B8 (fr) 2021-04-07
EP3090146A4 (fr) 2017-10-18
EP3090146A2 (fr) 2016-11-09
US20160298484A1 (en) 2016-10-13
WO2015108606A2 (fr) 2015-07-23
EP3090146B1 (fr) 2021-01-06
WO2015108606A3 (fr) 2015-10-08

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