US1027912A - Burner. - Google Patents

Description

E. H. SCHWARTZ.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1911.

Patented May 28, 1912.

2 SHEBTS-SHBET 1.

Nllilll WITNESSES ATTO R N EY E. H. SCHWARTZ.

BURNER.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1911. 1 ,.O27,91 2, Patented May 28, 1912.

. ZSHEETS-SHEET 2.

. I ATTORNEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINUTON, n. c.

KINTTE STATES P N I EDWARD I-I. SCHWARTZ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO E. H. SCHWARTZ & SON CO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Burner, of which the following is a spec1fication.

This invention has reference to improvements in burners and particularly to an improvement in the burner shown in Patent No. 762,002, granted to me on June 7, 1904.

The present invent-ion is designed to provide a burner wherein a liquid hydro-carbon is drawn into a combustion chamber by an injector action and is gasified and mixed with preheated air to the proper degree to constitute a self burning mixture, but by a somewhat diflerent arrangement of the parts, although without change in their structure, the device may be adapted to the burning of gas while the injector action may be brought about by either steam or air under pressure.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the understandlng, however, that while the showing of the drawings is that of a practical form-of the invention the latter is susceptible of other embodiments wherein the salient features of the invention are retained, and, also, of certain rearrangements which will be hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved burner as applied to a furnace. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1, with the furnace omitted. Fig. 1 is a section 011 the line 4E-l of Fig. 1 also with the furnace omitted.

Referring to the drawings there is indicated a wall 1, which may be taken as a furnace wall, and this wall is provided with a passage 2 through it from the exterior to the interior, but the showing of the drawings so far as the furnace wall is concerned is not to be taken as an accurate representation of proportions. The furnace wall is provided with a face plate 3 having concentric with the opening 2 a circular flange 4 in spaced relation to the opening 2 and interiorly screw threaded. The threaded flange 4 is of a size to receive the basic end of a dome Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 25, 1911.

Patented May 28,1912. Serial No. 616,929.

5, which is formed with an enlargement or thickening 6 eXteriorly threaded to enter the threaded portion of the flange 4E, and this thickened portion is also interiorly threaded to receive a threaded radially projecting flange 7 formed on the basic end of a smaller or sub-dome 8 of such size that when in position within the main dome 5 the outer wall of the sub-dome is spaced from the inner wall of the main dome to leave a chamber 9 surrounding the dome 8. V The dome 5 is formed on diametrically opposite sides with outwardly projecting bosses 10, which, in the particular showing of the drawings, have smooth passages 11 formed therethrough and leading from the exterior of the dome 5 to the chamber 9, the outer ends of the passages 11 being in free communication with the atmosphere. Projecting axially from the dome 5 is a neck 12 having the end adjacent the chamber 9 threaded to receive the threaded end of a neck 13 projecting axially from the sub-dome 8. The screw threads on the flange 7 and neck 13 and the screw threads on the interior of the enlargement 6 and the interior of the neck 12 where entered by the neck 13 are properly proportioned to permit the screwing together of the parts. The outer end of the neck 12 is interiorly threaded and between the threaded ends of the neck 12 it has connected thereto on opposite sides conduits 14 leading into the chamber 9, the dome 5 with its neck 12 and the conduits 1 1 being preferably all cast in one piece. The neck 13 of the subdome 8 has a passage 15 opening into the interior of the sub-dome 8, and the other end of this passage, indicated at 16, flares toward the outer end of the neck 13. The basic end of the sub-dome 8 is open, and this opening is substantially coincident with the opening 2 through the wall 1.

Screwed into the outer end of the neck 12 is a nipple 17 having a nozzle end 18 entering the flared end 16 of the passage 15, the nozzle having its outer walls tapering in substantial conformity with the taper of the end 16 of the nozzle 15 toward the dome 8, so that the nozzle 18 where entering the portion 16 of the said passage has its outer wall in spaced relation thereto.

The nipple 17 is formed with an angular shoulder 19 which may be made polygonal for the reception of a wrench and acts as a stop when brought into engagement with the .the nozzle being tapered or end of the neck 12. Beyond the shoulder 19 the nipple 17 is formed with an exteriorly threaded extension or neck 20, while axially through the nipple there is a substantially cylindrical bore or passage 21 expanded as shown at 22 at the end where it extends through the neck 20, and adjacent this expanded portion within the neck 20 the bore or passage 21 has interior screw threads 23 for a purpose which will presently appear.

The threaded neck 20 is designed to receive one end of a T 24, while that branch of the T at an angle to the portion entering the neck 20 has screwed thereinto a threaded nipple of a valve 25 of any appropriate type controlled by a hand wheel 26, and into the end of this valve remote from the T 24 7. there is screwed another pipe 27 for a purpose which wlll presently appear. A branch 28 of the T 24 is in alineinentwith the branch applied to the neck 20 and is in the form of an interiorly screw threaded neck receiving a nipple 29 formed at the end within the T 24 with a nozzle 30 of such length as to enter the passage 21, and the free end of the nozzle 30 is formed with a contracted opening 31, the exterior of this free end of otherwise formed to enter the passage 21, but in spaced relation to the inner walls of the flared end 22 of said passage. The nozzle 30 may be formed on the exterior with screw threads 32, which under circumstances to be described may be screwed into the threaded portion 23 of the passage 21.

The nipple 29 is formed with a polygonal flange 33 designed to engage the outer end of the neck 28, and beyond this flange the nipple is continued into an exteriorly threaded neck 34, while from the contracted opening 31 of the nipple to and through the neck 34 there is formed an axial passage 7 35 having adapted to the .end remote from the contracted opening 31 a needle valve 36. The stem of this valve is threaded to extend through a threaded neck 37 of an elbow 38, the said neck being in line with the end of the elbow applied to the neck 34, while the other branch of the elbow receives a pipe 39. The neck 34 is ex'teriorly threaded for the reception of a gland 40 confining packing 41 around the stem 36, which latter has exterior to the gland a manipulating hand wheel 42.

Let it be assumed that the pipe 39 is connected with a suitable supply of liquid hydrocarbon, say crude petroleum, although the use of the invention is by no means confined to such fuel, but is adapted to other fuels, including gas, and let it also be assumed that the pipe 27 is connected to a supply of steam under pressure. On opening the valve 25 by a proper mzinipulating of the hand wheel 26, steam will enter the furnace through the opening 2 in its wall by way of the valve 25, the T 24, the passage 21 in the nipple 17, thence through the end of the passage 21 within the portion 16 of the passage through the neck 13, thence into the interior of the dome 8 and finally through the passage 2 into the furnace. Assuming that the needle valve 36 is open, the fuel is drawn through the passage 35 and the contracted opening 31 by the injector action of the steam rushing through the passage 21, and this fuel is sprayed into the passage 21 through the contracted opening 31 and by the time it reaches the interior of the dome S is in a finely subdivided condition due to the action of the stream of steam coming from the pipe 27; The stream of steam also acts to createsubatmospheric pressure in the end 16 of the passage 15, and this end being in communication with the interior of the neck 12 acts by suction through the conduits 14 upon air within the chamber 9 to draw such air into the end 16, and finally into the main passage 15 to be carried by the stream of steam with the fuel intermixed therewith into the interior of the dome 8 and finally into the furnace through the passage 2, fresh air entering through the passages 11 in the bosses or necks 10 on opposite sides of the dome 5. Since the incoming air entering through the passages 11 mustpass for a considerable distance through the chamber 9 before reaching the conduits 14, it is brought into contact with the walls of the subdome 8 and assuming that the fuel is burning this sub-dome becomes hot and the air passing to the conduits 14 is therefore heated and the degree of heat imparted to such air may be quite high, the heating of the air being facilitated by the somewhat tortuous path through which the air must pass before finally reaching the stream of fuel. This results in the ready gasification of a liquid fuel and, also, the vigorous burning of the mixture of air and hydrocarbon for the production of an intensely hot flame, for the air becomes thoroughly intermixed with the fuel already highly subdivided by the steam stream, and by the time the burning zone is reached the steam has. itself become decomposed by the heat from the burning zone to add to the vigor of the heat produced by the reunion of the oxygen and hydrogen of such decomposed steam.

The burner may be used with either air or steam and with either gas or oil, and while the different impelling fluids or fuels require no change in the structure of the parts of the burner, the present invention is particularly adapted for the use of steam, since the preheating of the air prevents condensation of the steam before reaching the burning zone.

The sub-dome 8 screws into the dome o and the dome 5 is readily screwed into the flange 4, the parts where united being circular, and by this means the expansion chamber within the sub-dome 8 leading to the passage 2 is readily formed and the air heating chamber 9 is also readily formed without requiring coring or other expensive modes of manufacture. Furthermore, the steam and fuel nozzles are in line one with the other and with the air passage leading to the interior of the sub-dome 8, so that the fuel, steam and air may move together in a direct line to the interior of the furnace. Moreover, the arrangement of the parts in line one with the other facilitates the assembling and dissembling of the structure and the changing of the arrangement of the parts to adapt the structure to different fuels. In the form of the structure where the liquid hydrocarbon, such as oil, is used as the fuel, the steam is employed as the motive means for indrawing and spraying the fuel and for indrawing the air and the chamber 9 opening to the atmosphere close to the furnace wall provides a means whereby the air is preheated both by utilizing the air close to the furnace and by carrying it in a tor tuous path also close to the furnace and to a chamber in which the flame may be maintained, or in close relation to which the flame is maintained, so that this chamber becomes highly heated, the chamber within the sub-dome 8 being of a diameter substantially that of the passage through the wall of the furnace to the interior thereof and through which passage the fuel mixture is carried.

hat is claimed is 1. A burner comprising two substantially concentric domes in spaced relation one to the other to form an air chamber between them, the inner dome being wholly housed in the outer dome and having one end open to be there placed in communication with the zone to be heated, the two domes being pro vided with intercommunicating axial necks with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outer dome and there flaring toward said neck, and the neck of the outer dome being connected to the interior of the outer dome by constantly open ducts, and means for the introduction of fuel into the neck of the inner dome in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the necks and toward the interior of the inner dome.

2. A burner comprising two substantially concentric domes in spaced relation one to the other, the inner dome being contained within the outer dome and having its larger end open to be placed in communication with the zone to be heated, the two domes being provided with intercommunicating axial necks with the neck of the inner dome entering and supported by the neck of the outer dome and there having an internal passage flaring toward the neck of the outer dome, the said neck of the outer dome having ducts leading to the interior of the outer dome in free communication with both the neck and the dome and the said neck of the outer dome being in free communication with the flaring end of the neck of the inner dome, and means for the introduction of fuel into the neck of the inner dome in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the necks and toward the interior of the inner dome.

3. A burner comprising an outer and an inner dome in substantially concentric relation one to the other with the basic end of the inner dome provided with an opening designed to be placed in communication with the zone to be heated, the domes-having axially arranged necks in line one with the other with the neck of the inner dome entering the inner end of the neck of the outer dome, and the walls of the domes defining an air chamber between them, the outer dome having passages leading from the said air chamber to the exterior of the said outer dome, and other passages leading from the air chamber to the interior of the neck of said outer dome, a nozzle in axial alincment with the two necks and entering the outer end of the neck of the inner dome, and another nozzle in alincment with the first named nozzle and having its discharge end entering the end of the first named nozzle remote from that entering the neck of the inner dome.

4-. A burner comprising two concentrically disposed domes one within the other with their bases in substantially the same plane and the inner dome having an interior chamber open at the base and the space between the two domes defining an air chamber, both domes being provided with necks, with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outer dome, the neck of the inner dome having a passage therethrough flaring toward the outer end and the outer the exterior thereof, a nozzle carried by the neck of the outer dome and having a tapering end entering the flaring end of the passage through the neck of the inner dome, a T carried by the end of the nozzle exterior to the neck of the outer dome and provided with a valve in the branch thereof at an angle to the one conducted to the nozzle, another nozzle extending through the T and having its discharge end located within the first named nozzle at the end thereof remote from the end entering the neck of the inner dome, and a valve applied to the end of the second named nozzle remote from its discharge end and adapted to be connected to a supply of fuel.

A burner comprising two concentrically disposed domes one within the other with their bases in substantially the same plane and the inner dome having an interior chamber open at the base and the space between the two domes defining an air chamber, both domes being provided with necks, with the neck of the inner dome entering the neck of the outer dome, the neck of the inner dome having a passage therethrough flaring toward the outer end and the outer dome having conduits leading from the air chamber to the interior of the neck of the outer dome and also having passages leading from the interior of the outer dome to the exterior thereof, a nozzle carried by the neck of the outer dome and having a tapering end entering the flaring end of the passage through the neck of the inner dome, a T carried by the end of the nozzle exterior to the neck of the outer dome and provided with a valve in the branch thereof at an angle to the one connected to the nozzle, another nozzle extending through the T and having its discharge end located within the first named nozzle at the end thereof remote from the end entering the neck of the inner dome, -and a valve applied to the end of the second named nozzle remote from its discharge end and adapted to be connected to a supply of fuel, the first named nozzle having interior screw threads at the end remote from the discharge end and the second named nozzle having exterior screw threads adjacent to the discharge end adapted to fit the interior threads of the first named nozzle.

6. A burner comprising two concentrically arranged domes one interior to the other and each provided with an axially disposed neck at its apex, the interior dome being provided with a basic outstanding flange and the said flange and neck being threaded into the basic end of the outer dome and the neck thereof, respectively, the space between the two domes defining an air chamber and the outer dome being provided with conduits leading from the air chamber to the neck carried by the outer dome and with passages leading from the air chamber to the exterior of the outer dome, the conduits and passages being spaced apart with relation one to the other, a nipple carried by the outer end of the neck of the outer dome and having a tapering nozzle leading into the neck of the. inner dome, the said neck of the inner dome having a flaring passage entered by said nozzle, and said nipple having the end remote from the nozzle extended and pro vided with an interior passage flaring at said outer end, a valved T applied to said extension of the nipple and also provided with a neck in line with the first named nipple a second nipple applied to the neck of the T and having a nozzle with its dis charge end located within the end of the passage of the first named nipple remote from the discharge end thereof, and a valve carried by the end of thesecond nipple remote from the nozzle end thereof.

7. A burner comprising two concentrically arranged domes one interior to the other and each provided with an axially disposed neck at its apex, the interior dome being provided with a basic outstanding flange and the said flange and neck being threaded into the basic end of the outer dome and the neck thereof, respectively, the space between the two domes defining an air chamber and the outer dome being pro vided with conduits leading from the air chamber to the neck carried by the outer dome and with passages leading from the air chamber to the exterior of the outer dome, the conduits and passages being spaced apart with relation one to the other, a nipple carried by the outer end of the neck of the outer dome and having a tapering nozzle leading into the neck of the inner dome, the said neck of the inner dome having a flaring passage entered by said nozzle, and said nipple having the end remote from the nozzle extended and provided with an interior passage flaring at said outer end, a valved T applied to said extension of the nipple and also provided with a neck in line with the first named nipple, a second nipple applied to the neck of the T and having a nozzle with its discharge end located within the end of the passage of the first named nipple remote from the dis charge end thereof, and a valve carried by the end of the second nipple remote from the nozzle end thereof, the passage through the first named nipple having interior screw threads adjacent the flaring end thereof, and the second named nozzle having exterior screw threads adjacent the discharge end thereof adapted to the screw threads within the nipple.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto atfixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDlVAR-D H. SCHWARTZ.

Vitnesses Gr. Lance, GUSTAV Lance, J r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

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