US1027845A - Coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

E. HOHMANN.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1912.

1,027,845, Patented May 28, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: Ill/VENTOR ,23 mfwmm A TTORIVEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,\VASHINUTON1D4C1 @FFIDE.

EDMUND HOI-IMANN, F STETTIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO STETTINER CHAMOTTE- FABRIK ACTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT VORM. DIDIER, OF STETTIN, GERMANY, A. COR- PORATION 0F GERMANY.

COKE-OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28,1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND HOHMANN, a subject of the German Emperor, and resident of Stettin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke- Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My present invent-ion relates to the arrangement of heating fines and related parts in ovens and particularly coke ovens.

The object of my invention is to provide a construction whereby a uniform and eflicient heating of large-sized ovens may be secured. To this end I have devised an arrangement embodying certain novel features specified in the appended claims.

Two typical examples of my invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a verticalsection through one form of my improved coke oven, taken on .liIiQ 11 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3

, is a vertical section through another form of my oven, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Figs. 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating the arrangement of regenerators and of a recuperator respectively, in connection with the oven shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view, with parts in section on line 7 7 of Fig. 4, indicating the arrangement of recuperators in connection with the oven shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

In the example shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the coke oven has end walls A, B and partitions or side walls 0 at the ends and sides respectively of the upright coking chambers D, which latter may be of any well-known or approved construction. In each of the end walls A, B, upright flues E are arranged, preferably centrally with respect to the ends of the adjacent coking chambers D. From each of these upright fines lateral horizontal ducts F lead in opposite directions to longitudinal heating flues G extending horizontally from one end wall to the other. As shown in Fig. 1, a large number of such heating fines are superposed in the side walls or partitions G, adjacent to the respective coking chambers. As will be seen in Fig. 2, each partition between two adjacent coking chambers contains two sets of horizontal heating flues. At both ends of the heating flues I arrange burners H supplied with fuel (gas) in any suitable manner. The burner tips are preferably in line, substantially, with the ends of the coking chambers D. Sliding dampers J providedwith handles K, or other suitable controlling devices are employed to regulate or cut oil entirely, if desired, the connection of the ducts F (and fines E) with the heating flues G. The dampers are shown in the fully open position. Plugs L, in which the damper handles K slide, serve to normally close the ends of the heating flues; by removing these plugs, the flues G are made readily accessible for inspection and cleaning and for repairs to the dampers or burners.

An oven of the type shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is adapted to be operated in alternate periods, during which the combustion gases will travel in opposite directions in the heat ing flues; that is to say, at a particular stage of the operation the burners H of the lefthand end wall A would be fed with gas, while the supply of gas would be cut off from the burners of the other end wall B. At the same time the upright flues E at the left would be connected with a supply of (preferably heated) air, while at the other end the combustion gases would pass out through the fines E. After a period of say half an hour, the connections would be reversed, that is to say the fluesE at the right would be connected with a supply of air, and the fines E at the left would form outlets for the combustion gases; the gas at this stage would be supplied only to the burners at the right-hand end. It will be understood that during one stage or period combustion begins say at the left-hand end of the coke oven, the combustion gases traveling toward the right in the heating flues G; during the next stage the direction of the combustion gases is reversed in the heating flues, that is to say, the right-hand burners only are in operation and the gases travel toward the left. This insures an efficient heating, inasmuch as the greatest heat is alternately at opposite ends of the oven.

In the construction illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4, the arrangement of end walls A, B, side walls or partitions C, upright coking chambers D, and heating flues G is the same as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, but the arrangement of burners, air-supply or gas outlet flues, and connecting ducts is somewhat different, enabling the oven to be operated without a reversal of the combustion gases in the heating flues, yet heated uniformly. To this end, descending outlet flues E are placed in the end walls A, B, in substantially the same position as the flues E of Figs. 1 and 2. Instead of being connected by ducts such as F in Figs. 1 and 2, with all the superposed heating flues G between which it extends, each outlet flue E is connected by ducts F with only one heating flue in each tier. Thus an outlet flue in the wall A will be connected in the lowermost tier of heating flues wit-h only say the flue G immediately in front of such outlet flue; in the second tier, the same flue E will be connected by a duct F, only with the flue G immediately in the rear of such out- The arrangement in the 3rd, 5th, 7th and other odd-numbered tiers will be the same as in the first or lowermost tier, and the arrangement in the 4th, 6th, 8th, etc., tiers will be the same as in the second tier. This applies not only to the ducts F in the wall A, but also to the corresponding ducts in the wall B. lVith regard to the two heating flues G which are located adj acent to the same coking chamber D and at the same level or tier, it will be observed that their discharge ducts F are at opposite ends; that is to say, one flue G of such a pair will be connected with an outlet flue E in the end wall A, say by a forward duct F, and the other flue G will be connected with the corresponding flue in the end wall B, say by a rearward duct F. In the side walls or partitions G, I locate at each end upright air-supply flues E (shown nearer to the center of the oven than the outlet flues E), which are thus (except for the end flues) located between two coking chambers D. Each air-supply flue E which is located between two coking chambers is connected in the odd-numbered tiers, by ducts F with the heating flues G adjacent to one of said two chambers, and in the even-numbered tiers, with the heating flues G which are adjacent to the other chamber D. In the same tier, the arrangement is reversed at opposite ends, that is to say, one of the flues G, say the forward flue, receives air at its righthand end, and the other (rear) flue receives air at the left-hand end. Each intermediate flue E therefore supplies air to some of the heating flues adjacent to two cokin chambers, and has ducts F located similarly in alternate tiers, but differently in adjacent tiers. As to those flues E which are located in the out-side walls (and not between the coking chambers) each of theseoutside flues has ducts F only in alternate tiers, and not in the intermediate tiers. The gas inlets or burners H are located adjacent to the inlet ducts F that is to say, each heating flue G has only one burner, said burners being 10- cated alternately at opposite end walls A and B, both as regards the flues G which are in the same horizontal plane or tier (Fig. 4c) and as regards the flues G which lie in the same vertical plane (Fig. 3). The currents of combustion gases will therefore travel continuously in the same direction, so far as the individual flues G are concerned, but continuously in opposite directions in flues G which are adjacent to each other either horizontally or vertically. I thus secure a very uniform heating of the coking chambers, since the burners in operation are distributed uniformly throughout the width and height of the oven structure, so that the end walls A, B will be heated absolutely alike. The outlet ducts F are controlled by dampers J having handles K, and the air inlet ducts F are controlled by dampers J 2 having handles K the arrangement of these dampers and of the plugs L, L is very similar to that of the corresponding parts in Figs. 1 and 2. By means of the dampers J, J, J the heating action may be regulated very accurately, the dampers being adjustable individually.

In each of the constructions shown, the

combustion gases travel from the burner H or H adjacent to one of the end walls A or B, to an outlet E or E adjacent to the other end wall, that is, they travel once and only once across the entire width of the oven (or length of the coking chamber D) from one burner to the corresponding outlet duct F or F I thus avoid the difliculties (particularly unequal heating) experienced when employing so-called reverse flues, yet I am able to properly heat, according to my present invention, ovens of great width.

For the purpose of changing the connections of the flues E in the manner described above with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, I may employ the well-known regenerator or recuperator and reversing valve arrangement employed in many coke ovens. Inasmuch as such arrangements are common in the art, and inasmuch as the construction and connection of the regenerators or recuperators, and even their employment, are not material to my present invention and form no part thereof, I have deemed it unnecessary to embody the details of these accessories in the drawings. However, in order to give a general illustration of the way in which this arrangement may be carried out, I have shown it diagrammatically, in Figs. 5 and 6.

In Fig. 5, M, M are the two regenerators (chambers filled with checkerwork) communicating at the top with the lower ends of the flues E; the lower portions of these chambers communicate with channels N, N, one of which is connected with theair-intake 0 and the other with the chimney duct orsmoke flue P, the connection bein reversed by manipulating the pivoted valve Q in the well-known manner.

It will be understood that Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are diagrammatical, and are not intended to represent accurately the relative location and dimensions of the parts.

If it is desired to provide a simple reversing action, without regeneration, I may e111- ploy the arrangement suggested by Fig. 5, without the checkerwork filling in the chambers M, M.

In Fig. 6 the upright flues E of Figs. 1 and 2 are connected at their lower ends with two channels R, R from which ducts S, S lead to different paths of the recuperator T; that is to say, the duct S is connected with the recuperator path T, and the duct S with the other recuperator path T Channels U, U lead from the other ends of these paths to the reversing valve Q, adjacent to the air intake 0' and smoke flue P. Thus in one position, the off gases flow through R, S, T, U, P, and the air through 0, U, T S, B; when the valve Q, is reversed, the air takes the path previously followed by the off gases, and vice-versa.

In Fig. 7, I have illustrated a double recuperator in connection with the coke oven of Figs. 8 and 4. The outlet flues E communicate with the off gas paths V of the recuperator V, said paths alternating with similar airheating paths V which are connected with the air-supply fiues E Air is supplied to the inlets of the paths V from a master air duct 0 whereas the outlets at the lower ends of the recuperator paths V are connected with the smoke fines P Various modifications may be made without departing from the nature of my invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An oven having chambers provided with side walls and end walls, inlets for fuel and air, located adjacent to one of the end walls, oil gas flues located adjacent to the other end wall, and heating flues extending in the side walls from the fuel and air inlets to the off gas flues at the opposite end of the oven.

2. An oven having chambers provided with side walls and end walls, inlets for fuel and ducts adapted to serve alternately as air-supply ducts and as outlets for the off gases, located adjacent to each of the end walls, fines located adjacent to each end of the oven and adapted to serve alternately as ,air-supply flues and as off gas flues respectively, and heating fiues extending in the side walls from the first-named fiues and ducts at one end of the oven to the fines and ducts at the other end.

3. An oven having chambers provided with side walls and end walls, inlets for fuel and air, arranged alternately at opposite ends of the oven, heating flues extending from said inlets to the other end of the oven, and off gas outlets connected with the farther ends of the heating flues.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMUND HOHMANN.

Witnesses:

L. C. FLAocUs, LEO. GRAETZ.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. i

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