US1027309A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

BONOM.

' TURBINE, APPILIUATION FILED MAE. z, 1911.

Patented May 2 1,1912.

2 SHBETl-SHEET 1.

3m entor &

witnesses (I I v I I v I I v aflom iegf COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0.,WASH1Na'r0N, D; c.

UNITED shares 1 PATENTOFFICE.

ALFRED BONOM, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

TURBINE.

Patented May 21, 1912.

Application filed. March 2, 1911. Serial No. 611,784.

to provide a construction whereby the blade will be readily manufactured to the proper shape and at the same time when in lace will be rigidly held against centrifugal orce.

With these general objects in View and some others which will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the description hereinafter, my invention consists in the fea tures, details of construction and combination of parts which will first be described in connection with the accompanying drawings and then particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,Figure 1 is a longitudinal section partly broken away of parts of a rotor and stator embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the structure shown in Fig. 1;- Fig. 3 is a per spective view of one of the blades, and Fig. 4 a side elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is a detail yiew of another form of blade embodying my invention.

-Referring to the drawings, A indicates the stator of a turbine, and B the 'rotor,

on'ly so much of each being shown as is necessary for an understanding of my lnvention. The stator is provided with a plurality of sets of stator blades, indicated at C and the rotor is provided with a plurality of sets of rotor blades, indicated at C the sets of rotor blades alternating with the sets of stator blades in the usual way. Each blade as is shown in Figs. 3 and l consists of a vane portion, indicated at 0, this vane portion being concave on one side and convex on the other side, the respective curvatures being such as are suitable for the proper economical operation of the engine. Each blade also has two end flanges, one, indicated at 0 being of the full width of the blade and having its outer free edge 0 curved so as to be parallel to the curve of the concave surface of the vane portion. By this arrangement the said free edge 0 of one blade will fit accurately against the concave surface of the adjacent blade of the set. The other end flange 0 of each blade also has its outer free edge curved to fit the concave portion of the adjacent blade of the set, but is narrower than the vane portion of the blade and-has its lateral edges 0 beveled outward. Thisflange 0 serves to attach the blade in place in the rotor or stator,respectively, and may be termed the securing flange, while the other end flange 0 may be termedthe face or front flange.

The rotor is provided with a plurality of dovetailed annular grooves, each groove serving to receive the securing flanges of one set of rotor blades,which thus form a ring of blades, fitting closely together, the beveled securing flanges'of aset fitting tightly into the dovetailed groove for such set. In-

order to permit the ready insertion and removal. of the blades, a radial groove is formed, as indicated at E, this groove being arranged to be closed by suitable filling pieces F which are suitablysecured in place as by countersunk machine screws. The rotorblades are inserted in their respective annular grooves by first inserting the securing flange in the radial groove, E, then sliding the blade down said groove until it alines with the respective annular groove, and finally sliding it around in the said annular groove until it is brought to its proper position. When all the blades of a set have been inserted in a groove, they interlock to form a ring of blades, in which the convex edges of the flanges fit tightly against the ends of the concave vane portions of the adjacent blades in the set, so as to mutually support one another against outward stresses due to centrifugal force. The face flanges of a set of rotor blades travel in an annular groove formed in the stator, as indicated at G, such annular groove being of a de th about equal to the thickness of the ace flanges, only suflicient clearance being provided to avoid unnecessaryfriction. The stator blades are secured in place in the stator in the same way that the rotor blades are secured in the rotor,-and the face flanges of the stator blades are received in annular grooves'in" the rotor. As the steam passes radially outward or inward it impinges alternately against the curved surfaces of the vane portions of the rotor and stator blades, in the usual mannerwhereby the rotor is rotated.

The advantages of my construction are that the form of the blades is such as to permit of rapid and economical manufacture since the concave surface, which must have the proper curvature, is not interrupted by any projections and hence may be readily grooved or otherwise worked to the desired curvature by simple apparatus. That is to say the butting curvature of a blade is iden tical with the active steam jet curvature of the blade, so that in manufacture each blade may be passed over a machine tool and a polisher, thus insuring the correct form of jet curvature, which is impossible When the flanges project beyond the jet surface, as in prior constructions. Also, the nesting or interlocking of the blades of a set with each other to form a ring provides a strong construction, since the centrifugal force acting on one blade is transmitted to the neighboring blades on both sides, the assembled circle or ring of blades forming a very compact unit as if cast in one piece.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a turbine, the combination, with a rotor provided with an annular dovetailed groove, a radial groove extending therefrom and means for filling said radial groove, of a blade having an uninterrupted curved jet surface and provided on its opposite side with end flanges having their ed 'es curved to fit the curvature of the jet surface of the next blade in the set, one of said end flanges being beveled to fit in the dovetailed annular groove of the rotor.

2. In a turbine, the combination, with a rotor, of a blade having an uninterrupted curved jet surface and provided on its opposite side with end flanges having their edges curved to fit the curvature of the jet surface of the next blade in the set, and means for securing said blade to the rotor.

3. In a turbine, the combination, with sets of rotor and stator blades, each set forming a ring, each blade having an uninterrupted curved et surface and being provided on its opposite side with end flanges having their edges curved to fit the curvature of the neXt blade of the set, of a rotor to which the rotor blades are secured, said rotor having annular grooves to receive the end flanges of the stator blades, and a stator to which the stator blades are secured, said stat-0r having annular grooves to receive the end flanges of the rotor blades.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in the presence of witnesses.

' ALFRED BONQM.

' IVitnesses R. GoDEFFRoY,

ARNOLD BRUNNER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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