US1025407A - Arc-light electrode. - Google Patents

Description

I. LADOFF.

' Anc LIGHT ELEGTBODB.

APPLIOATIOK FILED TURB 1,1907.

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are 7017110022714 i J'aZz Patented May 7, 1912.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEI'oE.

ISADOB LADOFF, F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOB OFiTHIRTY A PHILIP C. PECK, 0F NEW'YORK, N. Y.,

`oNE-HUNDmin'rHs To ABC-LIGHT ELEQTBDDE.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, IsADoR LADoFF, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Light Electrodes, of which the following is a speciiicat-ion, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of my pencils and Fig. 2, a central longitudinal section of Fig. 1.

My present improvements relate particularly to arc lights for metallic, or essentially metallic encils, that is to say pencils composed of) metal, or preponderatingly of metal, and a principal object of my invention is to adapt such pencils to produce, readily, in the alternating current, well defined, long, quiet, and .exceptionally luminous arcs, though my said pencils are also well adapted to be used in a continuous current.

The opinion has, I believe, been hitherto universal that the alternating current cannot, with practical and industrial success, be maintained between non-carbon pencils. I have discovered that the aforesaid objects of my present invention can be attained and metallic pencils successfully usedl in the alternating current by bringing salts into the presence of the molten metal at the upper surface of such pencils in such current, whibh I secure by imparting to such pencils a cylindrical form, i. e., a central longitudinal bore and filling the latter with salts of alkaline, or electropositive metals, such as on the one hand sodium or otassium salts, preferably potassium fluorld, or on the other hand salts of cacsium, rubidium, calcium.

The pencils may be made of the metal desired in any convenient way; they are then drilled or otherwise treated, to produce the bore into which is packed the coring of salts, as aforesaid. Those skilled in the art will readily understandhow, in the case of different metals, to determine the vbestv proportions of core and pencil relatively to each other; also how best in each Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led J'une 1, 1907. Serial Ko. 376,868.

Patented May 7, 1912.

case to' produce the hollow pencils and insert the coring. For example: I have produced what may be termed an essentially metallic pencil as follows: I mixed together with 'oxid of titanium enough pulverized magnetite to insure presence in the pencil produced as hereinafter described of at least 60 parts metallic iron and oXid of titanium,

binder, a s all proportion of water, sufficient to im art to the powder adhesion and placticity. I then squirted and molded the plastic mass into the forms required for the pencils, these being cylinders of about eight (8) inches long' and one-half (5) inchv diameter. After drying in the open air for several hours, the pencils were further dried in an oven at a temperature of about 200 degrees centigrade for some fortyeight hours. They were then packed in carbon, and subjected for about eight (8) hours to a temperature of from 1200 degrees to 1500 degrees centigrade, the magnetite being thus substantially reduced to metallic iron, and the finished pencils composed preponderatingly of iron, the pencils having a diameter'of about 92' and a bore of 0.185 inch in diameter. This bore was packed full of potassium luorid. In arcing, the described pencils were used as cathode and anode. An alternating current being turned on, 4 amperes and 80 to 90 volts drop across the arc, the resulting arc was readily maintained indefinitely. It was of superior luminosity, well defined, long and quiet. Of course the said metallic pencils may be prepared in any other convenient manner, the essential point being to provide them with a core of salts as stated.

I am aware that carbon pencils, mineralized carbon pencils, and the like have been previously cored, also, that salts have been incorporated into such pencils, and therefore do not broadly claim coring, or the introducti'on of salts into pencils generally.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the followingz- 1. A metallic arc light pencil comprlsmg a bore containing potassium iuorid.

2. An essentially metallic arc light pencil 40 parts. 0 the mixture I added as a composed preponderetingl)7 of iron and 5. An arc-light pencil composed prepon- 10 comprising a bore contaming potassium deratingly of iron in elemental state and fuorid. comprising a central longitudinal bore con- 3. A metallicdar light pencilcom rising taining a salt of an alkaline met-a1.

5 a core com ose o potassium uorl 4. An arg-light pencil composed prepon- ISADOR LADOFF deratingly of metal in elemental state and Witnesses: comprismg a 'central lon 'tudinal bore con- F. W. SINRAM, taimng a, salt of an alkalme metal. R. P. MEQUIILET.

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