US896397A - Pencil and apparatus for producing the arc-light. - Google Patents

Pencil and apparatus for producing the arc-light. Download PDF

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Publication number
US896397A
US896397A US39422107A US1907394221A US896397A US 896397 A US896397 A US 896397A US 39422107 A US39422107 A US 39422107A US 1907394221 A US1907394221 A US 1907394221A US 896397 A US896397 A US 896397A
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Prior art keywords
pencil
light
copper
producing
titanium
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Expired - Lifetime
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US39422107A
Inventor
Isador Ladoff
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Philip Cpeck
PHILIP C PECK
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PHILIP C PECK
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Priority to US39422107A priority Critical patent/US896397A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
    • H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes

Definitions

  • the objects of my present invention are to attain increased candle power with less expenditure of electrical energy than heretofore, and I attain these objects by the combination, in any apparatus for producing the are light, of a positive electrode or pencil composed of, or preponderatingly comprising copper and titanium or its compounds,
  • the said positive pencil mayv contain an alloy, or a mechanlcal combination of copper with titanium, or copper mixed with a compound of titanium, the pro ortion of titanium to coper being prefera 1y 5 to 75 per cent.
  • the negative pencil may be composed of. any alloy, mixture, or other combination, of.
  • ferric and titanic material as for instance an alloy of iron and titanium as per Letters Patent No. 840,634, granted to me January 8, 1907, for improvement in electrical conductor for lighting urposes, or the titanic and ferric compoun s may consist of oxids of iron'and titanium, or of the oxid of the one and the elemental metal of the other, such pencils, for the purposes of arc lighting, being now well known in the art, require no further description here. 1
  • Positive pencils composed of copper have heretofore been used wlth negatives containing ferric and titanic materials as aforesaid, but my aforesaid combination of titanium with cop I er in the positive pencil I believe to be entire ynovel, and its results are to greatly increase the candle power, as compared to that derived under similar conditions when a copper positive is used; moreover the consumption of my copper-titanium pencil is not materially more rapid than that of a pencil composed of pure copper.
  • the maximum efficiency and minimum consumption of my said copper titanium positive pencil is attained with a diameter of from five eighths to one inch.
  • A indicates an arc lamp of usual form and provided with usual feed devices, etc.
  • B my said positive electrode or pencil comprising copper and titanic material
  • C the negative pencil or electrode comprising ferric and titanic materials.
  • the pencils are of course to be understood as being connected as usual in circuit with a source of electrical energy not shown.
  • a positive pencil or electrode comprising cgpper and a titanic material.
  • an apparatusfor producing the are light a positive pencil or electrode comprising an alloy of copper and titanium.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Description

PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908.
I. LADOFF.
PENCIL AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING THE ARC LIGHT.
APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1907.
Wffnauves lii Jeye/zi'ar J ffad'orlad'a/j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ISADOR LADOFF, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF THIRTY ONE-HUNDREDTHS TO PHILIP C. PEG-K, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
PENCIL AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TIDE ARC-LIGHT.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Aug. 18, 1908.
Application filed September 23, 1907. Serial No. 394,221.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, ISADOR LADOFF, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Cleveland, county of Ouyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pencils and Apparatus for Producing the Arc-Light, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawmgs.
The objects of my present invention are to attain increased candle power with less expenditure of electrical energy than heretofore, and I attain these objects by the combination, in any apparatus for producing the are light, of a positive electrode or pencil composed of, or preponderatingly comprising copper and titanium or its compounds,
. with a negative pencil, or electrode, composed of, or preponderatingly comprising, ferric and titanic materials. The said positive pencil mayv contain an alloy, or a mechanlcal combination of copper with titanium, or copper mixed with a compound of titanium, the pro ortion of titanium to coper being prefera 1y 5 to 75 per cent. of the atter, I having obtaiiiedffexcellent-results with pencils composed of copper and as low as from 6 to 8 per centum of titanium, therule is the same 1f a compound of titanium, as'for instance its oxid, is used wlth the copper.
The negative pencil may be composed of. any alloy, mixture, or other combination, of.
ferric and titanic material, as for instance an alloy of iron and titanium as per Letters Patent No. 840,634, granted to me January 8, 1907, for improvement in electrical conductor for lighting urposes, or the titanic and ferric compoun s may consist of oxids of iron'and titanium, or of the oxid of the one and the elemental metal of the other, such pencils, for the purposes of arc lighting, being now well known in the art, require no further description here. 1
Positive pencils composed of copper have heretofore been used wlth negatives containing ferric and titanic materials as aforesaid, but my aforesaid combination of titanium with cop I er in the positive pencil I believe to be entire ynovel, and its results are to greatly increase the candle power, as compared to that derived under similar conditions when a copper positive is used; moreover the consumption of my copper-titanium pencil is not materially more rapid than that of a pencil composed of pure copper. The maximum efficiency and minimum consumption of my said copper titanium positive pencil is attained with a diameter of from five eighths to one inch.
Referring to the drawing, A indicates an arc lamp of usual form and provided with usual feed devices, etc., B my said positive electrode or pencil comprising copper and titanic material, C the negative pencil or electrode comprising ferric and titanic materials.
The pencils are of course to be understood as being connected as usual in circuit with a source of electrical energy not shown.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the following, viz:
'1. In an apparatus for producing the are light a positive pencil or electrode comprising cgpper and a titanic material.
- 2. 11 an apparatusfor producing the are light a positive pencil or electrode comprising an alloy of copper and titanium.
3. In an apparatus for producing the are light the combination of a positive pencil or electrode comprising copper and a titanic material, and a negative pencil or electrode comprising ferric and titanic material.
4. In anapparatus for producing the are light the combination ofa positive pencil or electrode comprising an alloy of copper and titanium and a negative pencil 'or electrode comprising ferric and titanic material.
5. An are light electrode composed of the alloy of copper and titanium.
6. An are light electrode containing a preponderance of copper and a titanic material.
ISADOR LADOFF.
Witnesses:
F. W, SINDAM, J. H. Worms.
US39422107A 1907-09-23 1907-09-23 Pencil and apparatus for producing the arc-light. Expired - Lifetime US896397A (en)

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US39422107A US896397A (en) 1907-09-23 1907-09-23 Pencil and apparatus for producing the arc-light.

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US39422107A US896397A (en) 1907-09-23 1907-09-23 Pencil and apparatus for producing the arc-light.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2848640A (en) * 1958-08-19 Titanium electrodes for spask plugs

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2848640A (en) * 1958-08-19 Titanium electrodes for spask plugs

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