US1025323A - Method of dyeing fibrous materials. - Google Patents

Description

W. R. SMITH.

METHOD 0F DYEING FIBROS MATERIALS. v APPLIGATION FILED JUNE as, 1909.

Patented May 7, 1912.

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WILLIAM E. SMITH, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TG BUFFALO LEATHER GO., 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 0F WEST VIRGINIA.

METHOD OF'DYEING FIBROUS MATERIALS.

To all whom it may coa/cem:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM R. SMrrH, of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Methods of Dyeing Fibrous Materials, of which the following is a specification.

lThis invention has for its object to enable fibrous material, such as cotton, Wool, etc., the iibers of which are more or less loosely associated, and either spun in the form of yarn or more loosely associated as in the form of rovings or slubbings, to be quickly and uniformly dyed without liability of: snarling or entangling the individual fibers, and in the case oi Wool fibers, without the liability of such relative movement of adjacent fibers as to cause a felting action.

4The invention consists in the improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Ot the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this speciiication,-Figure 1 represents a top plan view of a suitable apparatus for use in practising my improved method. Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2-2 of Fig.' 1. Fig. 3 represents a view similar to a portion of Fig. 2, showing a different torni of container for the {ibrous material. Fig. 4 represents a perspective viewoi a suitable form of container ior use in connection with yarn in skeins.

The saine reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawingsa represents an endless tank, which is preferably of substantially elliptical form, so that a body of liquid contained in the tank may be caused to circulate or flow in an endless path therein, means such as rotary paddle Wheels b being employed to impart movement to the liquid. The general construction, including the tank and the paddle Wheels, together with means for rotating said wheels may be substantially as shown in Letters Patent of the United States, No. Sliflfl, dated August a7, 1907.

Means are provided, as shown in the aboif'e-mentioned patent, it'or forcing air under pressure through the bottom of tlie tank, and into the contents thereof, the means here shown comprising a rotary air pump c, and air-conducting pipes e', o communicating therewith and with air distributing tubes o2 on tig-le bottoni of the tank, poritions Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed J une 26, 1909.

Patented May 7, 1912.

Serial No. 504,425.

of said pipes c projecting horizontally across the bottom of thetank and being provided with narrow slots c3 constituting air outlets through which thinelongated jets of air are Jforced upwardly int-o and through the contents of the tank.

In Figs. 2 and 3, d represents a perforated false bottom located above the bottom of the tank, and in close proximity thereto. e' represents a horizontal perforated semi-partition covering the material to be dyed, said material being, for example, rovings or slubbings, skeins of yarn, etc., either loosely deposited on the false bottom (Z, or inclosed in a bag or envelop of porous cloth or netting. The partition e is located below the surface ot the body of liquid contained in the tank, and may be supported by the material to be dyed. or by cleats attached to the sides of the-tank. The partition preferably does 'not extend under the paddle wheels, but it is supported in any suitable manner so that the dye liquor can flow freely under the partition.

The operation of the described apparatus is as followsz-The material to be dyed is packed somewhat loosely on the false bottom d, the partition e, or suitable portions thereof, being removable to permit the insertion and removal of the material, A

,body of dye liquor is then introduced, the

liquid permeating the chamber f and rising above the partition e, so that it is acted on by the paddle wheels b. The said paddle wheels and the air pump being set in motion, the liquid is caused to flow horizontally through the endless tank, and air is forced upwardly through the perforated bottom d, and through the material in the compartment f, the air passing out through the pcr- Yitc-rated partition e, and rising to the surface of the body of liquid. rThe horizontal circulation of the liquid and the passage of air vertically through it, and through the mass of material, results in a thorough circulation oit1 the dye liquor through the material in the chamber f, and uniform action ot' the liquor on all parts of the material. The horizontal movement imparted to the liquor keeps all parts of the liquor in a. uniform condition, and theV ascendin currents of air passing through the circulating liquor prevents sedimentation, and forces the liquor into and between the bers of the material. The perforated partition e' interposed be- I tween the free body-of liquid and the mass of material prevents such agitation or rela* tive movement of the vthreads of the material as would be likely to cause the tangling of said threads.

In Fig. 3, I show as a substitute for the perforated partition e aperforated or foraminous basket k, the sides, bottom, and top Aof which are preferably madeof woven wire, the basket having a removable cover L which may be hinged or otherwise secured to the body vof thebliasket so that it may be opened and closed. The basket lz may be of any suitable form, and the material to be dyed \is packed loosely in it in anysuitable way, the basket beingpreferably removable from the tank, and so formed that it may be inserted in the portionsof the tank intervened between the paddle wheels b, b. If desired, two or more baskets may be placed side by side-in each of the above described portions of the tank. The horizontally circulating liquid passes.through the walls of the basket or baskets, and the material contained therein, the air at the same time passing upwardly through the false bottom d, and through the basketsand their contents, the action being substantially the same as that above described in connection with the construction shown in Figs. l and 2.

While the means shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3 may be used for dyeing either rovings, slubbings, or yarn, I prefer to limit the use of these appliances to untwisted or very slightly twisted fibrous material, such as rovings or slubbings. In dyeing skeins of yarn, I prefer to inclose each skein in a sack or envelop of open mesh fabric, the sack and the skein inclosed therein Y being placed loosely in the body of liquid in the tank, and flotatively carried thereby, instead of'- being confined in a fixed position.

In Fig. 4, I show a series of sacks or envelops each containing a skein j of yarn, the envelops being connected so that they form a body of considerable area adapted to fioat horizontally in the dye liquor, the yarn being loosely confined in the envelops so that. the air ascending through the body of dye liquor readily enters and passes through the envelops and their contents.

It will be seen that in each case the material to be dyed is confined against relative snarling or entangling movement of its fibers by a foraniinous holder or envelop, which confines 'the material without preventing free access of the liquid thereto, and that the confined material is subjected to the action of a body of dye liquor through which air passes upwardly, the air passing through the foraminous envelops or confining means and their contents, and causing a uniform action of the dye liquor on all parts of the confined material. The ascending air cur rents also act to prevent the settling of dyeing material carried by the liquor so that all parts of the liquor are 'kept in a uniform condition.

The envelops z' shown in Fig. 4.- may be made of vany suitable open mesh fabric, such as that employed for fish nets of relatively small mesh.

Owing to the fact that the material is held loosely, although, with some friction, the dye liquor can pass laterally through the material. And the upward movement of the air keeps the material in open condition so that 'the laterally moving liquor can gain access to all of the fibers with uniformity.

I claim:

1. The method of dyeing fibrous material, which consists in loosely conning it against lateral or vertical movement to prevent relative snai-ling or entangling movement of its fibers without preventing access of liquid thereto, immersing the confined material in a body of dye liquor, circulating the dye liquor laterally through the material and forcing air through the confined material and the liquor which permeates it.

2. The method of dyeing fibrous material which consists in confining the material in a fora'minous envelop, immersing the onvelop and its contents in a body of dye liquor, 'circulating the dyc liquor laterally the material and forcing air through. the said body, the envelop and its contents.

3. The method of' dyeing fibrous material which consists in confining the material in a foraminous envelop, immersing the envelop and its contents in a body of dye liquor, forcing the liquor horizontally through the envelop, and forcing air upwardly through the body ofliquor and the envelop.

4. The method of dyeing fibrous material which consists in loosely confining said material against lateral movement to prevent entangling movement of the fibers, immersing the confined material in a body of dye liquor separating the fibers by forcing air between Ithem and through the liquor which permeates them, andcausing the liquor to move laterally between the fibers, while the latter are held in separated condition by the alr.

In testimony whereof l have affixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses: Q

llnwaun M. DAILY, Onno A. DANsER.

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