US10247782B2 - Method and system for testing a switching installation for power transmission installations - Google Patents

Method and system for testing a switching installation for power transmission installations Download PDF

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US10247782B2
US10247782B2 US15/311,785 US201515311785A US10247782B2 US 10247782 B2 US10247782 B2 US 10247782B2 US 201515311785 A US201515311785 A US 201515311785A US 10247782 B2 US10247782 B2 US 10247782B2
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Prior art keywords
switch
current
magnitude
earth
switching installation
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US15/311,785
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US20170082690A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Klapper
Thomas Renaudin
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Omicron Electronics GmbH
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Omicron Electronics GmbH
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
    • G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
    • G01R31/3274—Details related to measuring, e.g. sensing, displaying or computing; Measuring of variables related to the contact pieces, e.g. wear, position or resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H02B13/065—Means for detecting or reacting to mechanical or electrical defects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/06—Hermetically-sealed casings
    • H05K5/067—Hermetically-sealed casings containing a dielectric fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
    • G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/027—Integrated apparatus for measuring current or voltage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and to a system for testing a switching installation for power transmission installations or power transmission networks.
  • Electric switches particularly load switches or power switches are used in electric gas-insulated switching installations, as are used in particular for power transmission installations.
  • a “load switch” or a “power switch” is understood as meaning a specific switch which is configured for high currents (>1 kA).
  • a power switch can not only switch operating currents and low overload currents, but in the event of faults, it can also reliably disconnect high overload currents and short-circuit currents (up to 800 kA).
  • Load switches or power switches can be configured in a single-pole or three-pole form. In tests of these switching installations, particularly of the switches of these switching installations, which tests have to be carried out at regular intervals, different tests or measurements, for example a switching time measurement or a resistance measurement are carried out.
  • earthing switches Since in the case of a gas-insulated switching installation, the actual conductors or terminals are generally inaccessible, according to the prior art the electrical connection to the switch to be checked is established via so-called earthing switches.
  • An earthing switch usually connects the conductor or the terminal of the switch during testing to ground or earth, for example to the earthed outer wall of the switching installation in order to divert dangerous currents or voltages.
  • manipulation of the earthing switches, which is necessary according to the prior art, to test the switching installation is disadvantageous for safety reasons.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a test of a switching installation for power transmission installations without manipulating the earthing switches.
  • a method for testing a switching installation (in particular a gas-insulated switching installation) for power transmission installations or power transmission networks.
  • the switching installation comprises a switch (in particular a load switch or power switch) which either connects a first side or a first terminal of the switch to a second side or to a second terminal of the switch, or disconnects it therefrom, subject to the position of the switch, and comprises two earthing switches.
  • each of the two earthing switches is configured to either connect one of the two terminals (one of the two sides) to ground or earth, subject to the state of the earthing switch or to disconnect it from ground or earth.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
  • the two earthing switches are constantly closed and are not opened during the test, i.e. during the generation and determination steps.
  • the testing method according to the invention does not have to change, i.e. open, even one of the two earthing switches in order to generate the current through the switch or to determine the magnitude of the current through the switch, any manipulation of the two earthing switches for testing the switching installation is advantageously avoided. Therefore, the testing according to the invention of the switching installation can advantageously be carried out in a safer manner than is possible according to the prior art.
  • the testing method according to the invention can comprise a switching time measurement, i.e. a measurement of switching times of the switch, and/or a determination of the electrical resistance of the closed switch, which is also known as a microohm measurement.
  • a switching time measurement i.e. a measurement of switching times of the switch, and/or a determination of the electrical resistance of the closed switch, which is also known as a microohm measurement.
  • disconnection and connection commands are delivered to the switch via electrical signals.
  • the time intervals which the switch requires for opening or closing, starting from the transmission time of the respective electrical signal are then measured on the basis of the determined magnitude of the current through the switch. Subject to these time intervals, it is then possible to assess whether the switch or the switching installation is in an adequately good condition, or whether the switching installation requires maintenance or is even defective.
  • the test according to the invention can check the time behaviour of the switch while opening and closing in a particularly safe and reliable manner.
  • the electrical resistance can be determined using a measurement of the voltage present via the switch in
  • the current through the switch can be determined at any time.
  • the current through the switch can either be generated using a current source or using a voltage source.
  • the voltage source is in particular connected parallel to the switch.
  • the current through the switch can be generated as direct current, as alternating current or as a mixture which comprises both a direct current and an alternating current. Furthermore, the current through the switch can rise and/or fall in a transient manner, i.e. rapidly (for example abruptly).
  • a current transformer having a split core can advantageously be used which is attached around the appropriate line in which the current is to be measured.
  • the current transformer can advantageously be subsequently connected in the switching installation, without for example the earthing switches having to be manipulated for this purpose.
  • a “current transformer” is understood as meaning a type of measuring transducer which is constructed or which operates as a type of transformer.
  • a split ferrite can advantageously be attached to increase the inductance of a current path to earth or ground of the switching installation, as a result of which a greater proportion of the generated current then flows through the (closed) switch.
  • the split ferrite or ferromagnetic material can be arranged around a connection from one earthing switch to earth or around both connections from the respective earthing switch to earth.
  • the split ferrite is a split ferrite core which can be subsequently fitted around a line inside the switching installation.
  • the effect of the ferromagnetic material increases as the frequency of the generated current increases, so that the higher the frequency of the generated alternating current, the greater the proportion of generated current which is forced through the (closed) switch.
  • the generated current through the switch is a direct current
  • a measuring device can be used which operates according to the Néel effect.
  • the direct current to be measured is measured using a voltage which is induced by the direct current, the magnitude of the current through the switch then being determined on the basis of the measured voltage.
  • a superparamagnetic material is arranged in a coil. Due to the non-linearity of the superparamagnetic material, the voltage dropping via the coil comprises a plurality of frequency components. The magnitude of a direct current can then also be detected using a frequency shift of these frequency components. A direct current can also be measured using a Hall probe.
  • the current through the switch can be determined or measured directly using the Néel effect
  • the electrical resistance of the closed switch can advantageously also be calculated or determined if the direct voltage, dropping via the switch, is also known or is measured.
  • times of an abrupt change in the flow of current through the switch can also be detected, in order to determine, on the basis thereof, the times at which the switch is switched on and/or is switched off.
  • the switching installation comprises a plurality of switches, each of these switches either connecting or disconnecting two terminals of the respective switch.
  • a switching installation of this type is configured to switch a multiphase (for example a three-phase) current.
  • a respective earthing switch associated with each terminal of a switch is a respective earthing switch, by which the respective terminal is usually connected to earth or ground during testing, and can be disconnected from earth during normal operation of the switching installation.
  • the magnitude of the current through the respective switch can either be measured directly or can be determined using a measurement of currents, which are discharging into the earth of the switching installation, when the total current is known which is formed from the sum of the currents through the switches and the currents discharging into the earth.
  • This embodiment allows, inter alia, the determination of the respective times at which the respective switch is opened and/or closed, and the determination of the electrical resistance of the respective closed switch.
  • the currents can be measured or determined at the same time or one after another and at any time.
  • a system for testing a switching installation for power transmission installations.
  • the switching installation comprises a switch which either connects a first side of the switch to a second side of the switch or disconnects it therefrom, and comprises two earthing switches.
  • the system comprises a first device to generate a current, and a second device to measure a measurable variable (for example a current or a voltage) of the switching installation, and comprises control means.
  • the system is configured to generate a current through the switch by means of the first device, when the earthing switches are constantly closed, and to determine a magnitude of the current through the switch with the aid of the control means, starting from the measured variable which was detected by means of the second device, without thereby one of the two earthing switches being opened.
  • the second device comprises an ammeter with a Rogowski coil.
  • a Rogowski coil is only configured to measure alternating currents.
  • the system according to the invention is configured in particular to detect current peaks which occur when the switch is connected or disconnected when the current flows through the switch, using the Rogowski coil.
  • the switching installation comprises at least one switch which either connects a first side of the switch to a second side of the switch or disconnects it therefrom, and comprises at least two of the previously mentioned earthing switches.
  • the switching installation comprises a previously described system according to the invention.
  • the present invention can be used in particular for testing switching installations for power transmission installations.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this preferred field of application, since the present invention can also be used, for example for other switching installations which are used outside a power transmission installation.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a gas-insulated switching installation.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the testing according to the invention of a gas-insulated switching installation with a current generating device and an ammeter.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a switching installation according to the invention which comprises a system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the testing according to the invention of a three-phase switching installation according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the testing according to the invention of a three-phase switching installation according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a gas-insulated switching installation 30 which comprises a gas pipe 1 in which a load switch or power switch 2 of the switching installation 30 is arranged.
  • the gas pipe 1 is preferably filled with SF6 gas 5 which is under high pressure in order to achieve a high insulation capacity even in the case of relatively small dimensions.
  • a respective earthing switch 10 , 11 of the switching installation 30 is connected to a terminal 6 , 7 of the switch 2 in order to earth the respective terminal 6 , 7 while the switching installation 30 is being tested.
  • the earthing switches 10 , 11 are often connected in a releasable manner to the gas pipe 1 of the switching installation 30 by a screw connection 12 , 13 and are thereby connected to earth or ground.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows how a test according to the invention of the switching installation 30 , shown in FIG. 1 , is realised.
  • a signal or a current is fed to a branching point 14 by means of a current source 22 .
  • the current which has been fed in from the current source 22 flows partly from the branching point 14 via the earthing switch 10 and the switch 2 and the earthing switch 11 to the second branching point 15 , and it flows partly from the branching point 14 via the ammeter 20 to the ground 1 and from there, it also flows to the second branching point 15 .
  • the current which flows through the switch 2 can be determined using the current which is measured by the ammeter 20 , by forming the difference of the total current minus the measured current.
  • the voltage generated between the branching points 14 , 15 can optionally be measured using a voltmeter 21 by means of a four-wire measurement (i.e. the voltmeter 21 is directly connected to the branching points 14 , 15 ).
  • the voltmeter 21 is directly connected to the branching points 14 , 15 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment according to the invention for testing the switching installation 30 , shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the current which flows from the branching point 14 via the earthing switch 10 to the switch 2 is measured.
  • the current through the (closed) switch 2 is measured directly, whereas it is measured indirectly in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and is then calculated or determined by a calculation, subject to the total current.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a system 9 according to the invention for testing the switching installation 30 .
  • the system 9 according to the invention comprises a control means 8 to coordinate and control the testing of the switching installation 30 .
  • the voltage generated between the branching points 14 , 15 can optionally be measured using the voltmeter 21 , in particular by means of a four-wire measurement, as a result of which the electrical resistance of the switch 2 can again be determined.
  • FIG. 4 shows a switching installation 30 which can switch a three-phase current.
  • the switching installation 30 shown in FIG. 4 comprises three switches 2 , 3 , 4 , instead of only one switch 2 .
  • the terminal 6 , 7 of each switch 2 , 3 , 4 is optionally connected to earth 1 via an individual earthing switch 10 , 11 , so that there are respectively two earthing switches 10 , 11 for each switch 2 , 3 , 4 and thus a total of six earthing switches 10 , 11 for the switching installation 30 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a current is impressed at the branching point 14 , which current either flows via one of the three series connections which respectively consist of an earthing switch 10 , followed by a switch 2 , 3 , 4 and a further earthing switch 11 , to the branching point 15 , or discharges to earth 1 via the three ammeters 20 . Since the current which flows from branching point 14 to branching point 16 , the current which flows from branching point 16 to branching point 17 and the current which discharges to earth from branching point 17 can be measured by the ammeters 20 , if the total current, generated by the current source 22 is known, it is also possible to calculate the respective current which flows through the respective (closed) switch 2 , 3 or 4 .
  • the voltage, generated between the branching points 14 , 15 can optionally be measured by the voltmeter 21 , in particular by means of a four-wire measurement.
  • FIG. 5 differs in a similar manner from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the currents which respectively flow through the (closed) switch 2 , 3 , or 4 are measured directly by the ammeters 20 .
  • the other features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 correspond to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the ammeters 20 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 can be realised in particular using current transformers which comprise a split core, or using Néel effect sensors or Rogowski coils.
  • An ammeter 20 is arranged around the respective portion of line in the place shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 in order to respectively detect the current which is flowing through the portion of line.
  • the current flowing through the portion of line can be advantageously measured, without any of the earthing switches 10 , 11 or the screw connection 12 , 13 having to be manipulated (for example released) in any way, as is often the case in the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
US15/311,785 2014-05-16 2015-05-13 Method and system for testing a switching installation for power transmission installations Active 2035-12-04 US10247782B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50347/2014A AT515818B1 (de) 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Verfahren und System zum Prüfen einer Schaltanlage für Energieübertragungsanlagen
ATA50347/2014 2014-05-16
PCT/EP2015/060654 WO2015173330A1 (de) 2014-05-16 2015-05-13 Verfahren und system zum prüfen einer schaltanlage für energieübertragungsanlagen

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US20170082690A1 US20170082690A1 (en) 2017-03-23
US10247782B2 true US10247782B2 (en) 2019-04-02

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US (1) US10247782B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3143417B1 (pl)
KR (1) KR101854212B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN106574947B (pl)
AT (1) AT515818B1 (pl)
AU (1) AU2015261455B2 (pl)
BR (1) BR112016026441B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2948722C (pl)
ES (1) ES2920804T3 (pl)
MX (1) MX357992B (pl)
PL (1) PL3143417T3 (pl)
RU (1) RU2660221C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2015173330A1 (pl)

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AT516121B1 (de) * 2014-07-29 2016-09-15 Omicron Electronics Gmbh Überprüfen eines mehrpoligen elektrischen Leistungsschalters
FR3117600B1 (fr) * 2020-12-14 2022-12-23 Safran Electrical & Power Capteur de courant bobiné deux en un

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CN106574947A (zh) 2017-04-19
ES2920804T3 (es) 2022-08-09
AT515818A1 (de) 2015-12-15
KR101854212B1 (ko) 2018-05-03
EP3143417B1 (de) 2022-04-27
RU2660221C2 (ru) 2018-07-05
AU2015261455B2 (en) 2018-02-22
MX357992B (es) 2018-08-01
US20170082690A1 (en) 2017-03-23
RU2016144729A (ru) 2018-06-20
AT515818B1 (de) 2016-08-15
WO2015173330A1 (de) 2015-11-19
RU2016144729A3 (pl) 2018-06-20
PL3143417T3 (pl) 2022-08-01
KR20170020317A (ko) 2017-02-22
MX2016014923A (es) 2017-03-31
CA2948722C (en) 2019-04-30
EP3143417A1 (de) 2017-03-22
CA2948722A1 (en) 2015-11-19
BR112016026441A2 (pl) 2017-08-15
CN106574947B (zh) 2019-09-03
AU2015261455A1 (en) 2016-11-24
BR112016026441B1 (pt) 2022-08-23

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