US1023606A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

W. J. WRIGHT. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1911. Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

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W. J. WRIGHT.

EXPLOSIVB ENGINE.

1,023,606. APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1911. Patented Apr- 16, 1912- 3 SHBETSSHEBT Z.

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EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 1, 1911.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

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WILLIAM J. WRIGHT, 0F FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

EXPLOSIVEFENGINE.

Specificatiim of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

Continuation of application Serial No. 299,890, filed February 7, 1906. This application filed May 1, 1911.

Serial No. 624,288.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VILLIAM JAMES IVRIGHT, residing at Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Explosive- Engine, of which the following is a speci fication.

My present invention has for its purpose to provide an improved construction of explosive engine, (having the parts so designed and cooperatively connected, as to obtain a maximum amount of power from the energy employed) which can be manufactured economically and easily operated and main- 5 trained.

Generically, my invention comprehends a working cylinder, in which the charge is compressed and exploded at each complete reciprocatory movement. or cycle of the piston, a pump cooperatively joined with the working cylinder, valve mechanism for controlling the intermittent charges of pure air and the working agent to the pump .and from the pump to the working cylinder, and having such special arrangement whereby the exploded mixture or residuum in the working cylinder is replaced by a practically non-compressed charge of pure air before a new charge is forced therein.

In its more complete form, my invention embodies a pair of working cylinders, a single pump mechanism cooperativelyjoined therewith and valve mechanisms and connections for joining the pistons of the two working cylinders with the crank shaft, whereby to lead the charges of the working agent alternately into the two working cylinders and for effecting an explosion at each half revolution of the crank shaft.

In its more subordinate features, my present invention consists in certain details of construction and novel arrangement of parts, all of which will hereinafter be fully ex plained and specifically pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1, is a plan view of my improved engine. Fig. 2, is a similar view, the pump mechanism and a part of one of the working cylinders being shown in horizontal section. Fig. 3, is a longitudinal sectionof the same on the line 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a detail view illustrating a cam device for tripping the valve as hereinafter referred to. Fig. 5, is a detail section of the automatically actuated check valves E, taken on the line 55 on Fig. 1, and, Fig.6, is a detail view illustrating a cam device hereinafter referred to, for actuating the said valve E.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my improved engine with the pumping cylinder arranged as separate and independent of the working cylinders and located above the same, with the latter mounted on a suitable frame, but I desire it understood that the correlative arrangement of the several cylinders may be modified to suit the size of engine desired and the particular work for which the same may be required.

In the preferred form of my invention herein shown, the same comprises generally a pair of working cylinders AA of that type having one end open, mounted upon a suitable base 10 which is integral or otherwise fast with the supporting body 10- of the engine and on which the crank shaft and the other working elements are mounted in the manner hereinafter explained. The cylinders AA are of like construction, and each, at a suitable distance from the charge receiving end has a main exhaust a and at a point between the said end and the exhaust a it has a supplemental exhaust a normally held closed by a valve 1 automatically closed by a valve 1 and mechanically opened at predetermined times by cam or trip devices operated in any desired way from a moving part of the engine. Each of the cylinders AA at its explosion end has a feed inlet that discharges into a long passage or supplemental compression chamber, which chambers or ports are designated a and cf, the one a joining with the cylinder A and the other with the cylinder A. The two passages or chambers a and a communicate with an automatically controlled valve mechanism B which regulates the alternate flow or feed of the airfor blowing out the burnt charge and the feeding in of a new working agent charge to the pump cylinder, then into one of the workingcylinders and then into the other working cylinder. At this point it should be stated that in my present type of explosive engine, I provide for forcing out the burnt mixture under little or no applied energy or power from the engine further than crowding the cylinder cleansing-air-charge, under slightly above atmospheric pressure, into the working cylinders after the expanded force of the ignited charges has been spent.

To accomplish the operation and desired result mentioned, in an economical, positive .and simple manner, the pumping mechanism is arranged and coupled with the crank shaft in such manner as to have two complete reciprocatory motions of the piston devices therein, to one complete reciprocatory motion of each of the working pistons, and under such condition that during each complete reciprocatory movement of the piston within either working cylinder, the pump piston devices will serve to first expel a charge of air from the pump cylinder to the working cylinder back of the working piston after the exploded charge against it has been spent and at the same time draw in a charge of the working agent into the pump cylmder, and then charge the cylinder with working agent while at the same time drawing air into the pump.

The valve mechanism B, in the preferred form of my invention is mounted on the pumping cylinder P and the said mechanism comprises a valve chamber 7), having two compartments designated p-p one of which communicates with the atmosphere and constitutes the air supply, while the other communicates with the working agent feed pipe 77 through which the working agent, air and gas, or gas, is fed in any approved manner.

The bottom of the chamber 7) constitutes a valve seat and is provided with a central outlet port C, two air passages or ports 0 c at that end of the chamber in line with the air compartment and fuel passages cZcZ at that end in line with the working agent supply compartment of the valve casing. slidably mounted on the valve seat is a D type slide valve V provided with the usual or central elongated port 11, of such length, that on opposite adjustments of the valve V it will bring the central port 0 in communication with either the air port 0 or the gas passage cl, and at one end it has a port (Z adapted, when the valve V is so shifted as to bring its port 0 into communication with the port 0 to register with the port (Z At the other end. the valve V has a passage or port 6%, adapted, when the port a is in communication with the port (Z to register with the air passage 0 in the valve seat, see Fig. 3, the reason for which will presently appear.

\Vithin the pump cylinder P is located a stationary piston head or end closure 79 for the open end of the cylinder P, which has a hollow central stem 17 attached, that passes forward through a gland p in the closed end of the cylinder P and terminates in a bent port-ion, see Fig. 3, which connects with the ports or passages (Ztl in the valve casing bottom or seat, and at a point close up to the head 32 it has an aperture p that discharges into the cylinder P. At the front end, the cylinder P has asingle port or outlet p that communicates through the branches p p with the air passages c 0 The central valve chamber outlet G discharges into the supplemental chambers or ducts a a that connect with the two working cylinders A and A as before stated and the said chambers or ducts which are in the nature of connecting tubes, each have a back pressure or check valv EE near their juncture with the valve casing.

In the drawings, I have shown the valves E-E as normally forced to their seat by springs c, this being the simplest manner of effecting a positive closure of said valves, but, I deem it proper to state, in the practical embodiment of my present invention for high speed engines constructed on the lines above referred to, I have found it desirable to use trip devices operated in any desired way from a movable part of the engine for positively thrusting the valves instantly to their open position, see for example Fig. 6, in which F designates a cam on a rotary shaft adapted to be geared with and driven from the crank axle in any desired way (not shown), which cam, at predetermined times, engages the stem 0 of a valve E and opens it to permit of the flow of either air or gas to the working cylinder, it being understood that there is a separate cam for each valve E. The pump piston 79 has one end open and connects with its rod. 5 by the spider arm members 5 and the said piston has a central gland 50, through which the hollow or fuel feed stem of the stationary piston passes and the said piston p travels over the said stationary piston, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The piston rods for the working pistons connect with the diametrically oppositely disposed cranks on the crank shaft S and the said shaft S, about midway its length, has a drive gear a that meshes with a smaller gear or pinion s on a short supplemental crank shaft 8 with which the piston rod of the pump piston connects and the said gear connections between the short shaft 8 and the main shaft S are such, that the short shaft will make two revolutions as the main shaft S completes one revolution.

Having thus generally outlined the preferred construction of my present invention, I shall now explain the manner of its operation and set out some of the advantages attained thereby.

- In the operation of the engine the pump first forces air into the respective cylinders upon opening of the exhaust port a to expel the spent mixture, and then supplies working agent to the scavenged cylinder after the piston has closed the main exhaust port. In order to reduce or bleed off the air that may remain in front of the working piston, a supplemental exhaust is provlded in advance of the main exhaust and the supplemental exhaust is closed by a valve 1 which is mechanically opened a predetermined time by a suitable cam device 40, geared in any approved manner (not shown) with the crank shown to actuate the valve 1 and open it to reduce the quantity of air charged into the explosion end of the cylinder for cleansing it. By reason of th peculiar correlation of the parts mentioned and their manner of coo aeration, a very advantageous result is produced, in that little or no working energy of the engine is required in blowing out the burnt mixture, since the explosion force has fully spent itself when the piston passes the main exhaust and opens the same, and the little force required beyond atmosphere pressure, is merely enough to sufliciently compress the air to overcome the spring resistance on the valves in the leads to the cylinders, and that is not required when mechanical devices are employed for positively shifting the valves to their open positions. It will also be observed, that by leading in a supply of fresh air to the pump cylinder in the manner stated, and passing it into the working cylinder at the proper times, the exploded mix ture is entirely gotten rid of, without the least waste of working agent, and the working agent is therefore not reduced in its quality by admixture with the residuum from a prior exploded charge.

A means for shifting the valveV that controls the inflow of air and the working agent to the pump cylinder and its transmittal to the working cylinders, is indicated in Fig. 3 by reference to which it-will be seen that the valve V has a stem 0 which is provided with an elongated slot 5" in which plays a finger piece 5 which is made fast to the pump piston, and which, as the pump piston reaches the limits of its stroke in either direction serves to shift the valve V correspondingly to bring the gas compartment of the valve casing G into communication with the pump cylinder and out 01f the supply of air into the pump cylinder, and when the pump piston is at the other limit of its stroke the valve V will be correspondingly shifted to out ofi the feed of gas to the pump and bring the feed of air into operative relation.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings, it is thought the complete construction operation and advantages of the invention will be understood.

I have not shown any special type of igniting device as any kind may be arranged to ignite the compressed working agent at predetermined times.

This application is a continuation of application Serial No. 299,890, filed February 7, 1906.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an explosion engine of the character described; a pair of working cylinders, each having an intake port and an exhaust port, a crank shaft, working pistons coupled to the crank shaft to reciprocate in alternate directions, a. pump having a single discharge, a passage to each Working cylinder intake coupled with the single discharge in the pump cylinder, a back check valve in each of said passages, an air and a working agent feed to the pump cylinder, a valve mechanism common to the air and the working agent feed, and an actuating means controlled by a moving part of the engine for shifting said valve to alternately lead the air and then the working agent to the pump and means 'within the pump cylinder for drawing in and holding an air charge and simultaneously forcing the working agent charge into the working cylinders alternately.

2. In an explosion engine of the character described in combination with a pair of working cylinders, each having a single intake port and an exhaust port and a pump mechanism which includes a means for forcing working agent alternately into the two explosion chambers and simultaneously drawing air into the pump cylinder as the working agent is discharged into the explosion chambers, a valve mechanism actuated from a movable part'of the engine for alternately directing the air and working agent charges into the explosion chambers and an automatically actuating check valve in each passage from the pump cylinders to the intake ports of the explosion chambers, as set forth.

3. An explosion engine of the character described, comprising a pair of working cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, a drive shaft having a pair of diametrically opposite cranks with which the two working pistons connect, a pump mechanism constructed to simultaneously store an air charge as it expels a working charge and to expel the air charge as it stores a working charge, connections that join the pump mechanism with the crank shaft for eifecting two operations of said pump mechanism as either of the working pistons make a complete movement, and a valve mechanism automatically controlled from a moving part of the engine for leading the independent air and working charges from the pump alternately into one end of the working cylinders as set forth.

4:. In an explosion engine of the character described, the combination with the crank shaft having diametrically oppositely projecting cranks, the pair of working cylinders closed at one end only, each having a single intake at the closed end, and an exhaust, of a means for storing up independent air and working charges, said means being connected with and actuated by the crank shaft and adapted to charge successively the independent air charge and then the inde pendent working charge through the inlets of the working cylinders, the independent air and working charges first going to one working cylinder and then to the other cylinder, as set forth.

5. In an explosion engine of the character described, the combination with the crank shaft, the working cylinders and pistons, the latter being connected with the crank shaft to travel in opposite directions, each cylinder having an intake port at one end only, a main exhaust port, and a valved supplemental exhaust port, of a means for storing up independent charges of airand working agent, and expelling said air and working agent charges successively first through the intake port of one working cylinder and then through the intake port of the other cylinder and a means actuated from a moving part of the machine for tripping the valve for the supplemental exhaust port at a predetermined time after the main exhaust has been opened and again closed by the movement of the working piston, as set forth.

6. An explosion engine, comp-rising a pair of working cylinders, each having an explosion compartment at one end only provided with a single feed port and an exhaust port, a piston in each cylinder, a main crank shaft having oppositely disposed cranks with which the two working pistons connect, a pumping mechanism constructed to first feed a charge of air into the explosion Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

compartment as the burnt mixture begins to exhaust therefrom and to follow said air charge with a working agent charge as the exhaust is closed, said operation of feeding the air and working agent charges occurring under one complete cycle of operation of the ump mechanism, a supplemental crank shaft connected with the pump piston geared with the main crank shaft to make two revolutions to one revolution of the crank shaft, and an automatically actuated valve mecha nism for controlling the alternate passage of air and mixture to the pump outlet, for delivering into the working cylinders.

7 In an explosion engine as described, in combination with the working cylinders each having an intake port at one end only and having a back check valve for said intake port, a single pump mechanism having separate passages forthe working agent and for the air, a shifting valve mechanism with which the air and working agent passages communicate, said valve mechanism having a single outlet that communicates with the valved intake ports to the two working cylinders, said valve including a shiftable member adapted to alternately bring the single valved intakes of the working cylinders first into communication with the air space in the pump mechanism and then into communication with the working charge space of said mechanism and means for connecting the working pistons and the pump piston with the crank shaft to effect two complete movements of the pump piston to one complete movement of either of said working pistons, as set forth.

WM. J. WRIGHT.

Witnesses R. L. ARMSTRONG, FRANK C. ERB.

Washington, D. C.

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