US1020515A - Tin and method of purifying and improving the same. - Google Patents
Tin and method of purifying and improving the same. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1020515A US1020515A US60116611A US1911601166A US1020515A US 1020515 A US1020515 A US 1020515A US 60116611 A US60116611 A US 60116611A US 1911601166 A US1911601166 A US 1911601166A US 1020515 A US1020515 A US 1020515A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- titanium
- molten
- improving
- compounds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
Definitions
- Tin while in molten state,'absorbs, as is well known, gaseous elements or compounds, which are dissolved in the metal and retained therein as it solidifies during cooling.
- gaseous elements or compounds which are dissolved in the metal and retained therein as it solidifies during cooling.
- oxygen from the atmosphere is thus absorbed and, to an extent, combines chemically with other elements present forming oxids thereof, as for example oxids of tin, which-together with oxygen if any remaining uncombined are found occluded in the mass of the solidified metal.
- the object of my present invention is to provide methods of treatment whereby with such economy, simplicity and speed as to be practicable on an industrial scale, tin possessing superior properties may be produced in masses substantially devoid of undesired foreign elements and compounds including slags.
- tin possessing superior properties may be produced in masses substantially devoid of undesired foreign elements and compounds including slags.
- My said invention comprises the following procedures: In a bath comprising the melting, or molten, tin to be treated, I may impart the presence of metallic titanium in such small quantity, proportioned as nearly as possible, as is sufficient merely to satisfy the chemical affinities therefor of the said undesired elements and compounds present.
- the said proportion of titanium required may be determined in any convenient manner, as, for example, by usual calculations based on the kinds and proportions of said undesired elements and compounds as disclosed by preliminary chemical analyses of specimens of the mass of any given type of commercial or other tin desired to be treated; or by varying tentatively the proportions of tltanium so added until attainment of a final product containing substan tially neither said undesired elements and compounds nor substantially any titanium,
- the titanium is so added preferably in its elemental or metallic form, as, for example, an alloy of titanium with some metal, preferably in most cases an alloy of titanium with tin having a content of 10% to 12% or thereabout of titanium and producible on an industrial scale for example by means of the method specified in my Letters Patent No. 979,394 of Dec. 20, 1910, or in any other convenient manner.
- the titanium may be added in the form of its alloy with such other metal, as, for example, with iron, this being the alloy of my Letters Patent No.
- the titanic material may be charged into the crucible or other container of the bath prior to introduction thereinto of the melting or molten tin, or it may be charged upon the latter, in which case a covering of molten slag or the like may be superimposed as per my Letters Patent No. 877,518, dated J anuary 28, 1908, to prevent react-ions with constituents of the atmosphere. It appears, however, that, notwithstanding .the higher melting point and the lower specific gravity of titanium as compared with tin, elemental titanium, in the aforesaid proportion, however added, is able to reach, and react upon,v
- the temperature of the bath is maintained fully at that of the melting point of tin, and will be found to be somewhatheightened by the said chemical reactions and combinations attributable to the presence of the titanium, and until these have fully taken place, the time required for these being usually but a few minutes.
- the titanium appears to not only combine chemically with undesired elements present,
- the molten tin may be tapped out and cast in the usual manner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
AUGUSTE J. ROSSI, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR TO THE TITANIUM ALLOY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N, Y., A CORPORATION OF MAINE.
No Drawing.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Application flled J'anuary 6, 1911.
Patented Mar. 19, 1912.
Serial No. 601,166.
. To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, AUcUs'rE J. ROSSI, a citizen of the United 'States, residing at Niagara Falls, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tin and Methods of Purifying and Improving the Same, of which the following is a specification.
Tin, while in molten state,'absorbs, as is well known, gaseous elements or compounds, which are dissolved in the metal and retained therein as it solidifies during cooling. For instance oxygen from the atmosphere is thus absorbed and, to an extent, combines chemically with other elements present forming oxids thereof, as for example oxids of tin, which-together with oxygen if any remaining uncombined are found occluded in the mass of the solidified metal. Moreover throughout said mass are also found, to greater or less extent, other substances, or compounds, foreign to tin, as for instance slags which owing to their comparative infusibility or lack of fluidity or' both are unable to rise out of the molten metal and consequently remain entangled therein after its solidification. The aforesaid foreign elements and compounds are usually'unhomogeneously distributed in uncontrollable locations throughout the mass of the metal, thus producing blow-holes or other cavities devoid of tin which proortionatel and undesirably, impair the density an metallic continuity of the mass, thus diminishing its hardness and tensile strength. I believe that it has hitherto proved impossible to produce or melt tin, at least on an industrial as distinguished from a laboratory scale, without incorporation and retention in the resulting metallic mass of such foreign elements and compounds and to such extent as to preclude its possession in theoretically normal degree of desirable physical properties to be expected as characterlzing pure tin.
The object of my present invention is to provide methods of treatment whereby with such economy, simplicity and speed as to be practicable on an industrial scale, tin possessing superior properties may be produced in masses substantially devoid of undesired foreign elements and compounds including slags. I a tain said objects by means of my novel procedure hereinafter described, viz :I'have discovered that if to tin, as now produced in the arts, and while it is melting or molten, there be added merely enough titanium to satisfy chemical aflinity therefor of all such undesired elements present, whether in free or combined state, all these, including slags, and, besides, such titanium so added, will be eliminated from the molten mass, the resulting product bein substantially solid pure tin.
My said invention comprises the following procedures: In a bath comprising the melting, or molten, tin to be treated, I may impart the presence of metallic titanium in such small quantity, proportioned as nearly as possible, as is sufficient merely to satisfy the chemical affinities therefor of the said undesired elements and compounds present. The said proportion of titanium required may be determined in any convenient manner, as, for example, by usual calculations based on the kinds and proportions of said undesired elements and compounds as disclosed by preliminary chemical analyses of specimens of the mass of any given type of commercial or other tin desired to be treated; or by varying tentatively the proportions of tltanium so added until attainment of a final product containing substan tially neither said undesired elements and compounds nor substantially any titanium,
the proportion of latter used with such result bein that required for purification of the part cular type of tin mass so tested. The titanium is so added preferably in its elemental or metallic form, as, for example, an alloy of titanium with some metal, preferably in most cases an alloy of titanium with tin having a content of 10% to 12% or thereabout of titanium and producible on an industrial scale for example by means of the method specified in my Letters Patent No. 979,394 of Dec. 20, 1910, or in any other convenient manner. In some instances, where presence of some metal other than tin in the final product is not objectionable or is desired, the titanium may be added in the form of its alloy with such other metal, as, for example, with iron, this being the alloy of my Letters Patent No. 609,466, dated August 23, 1898; or with The titanic material may be charged into the crucible or other container of the bath prior to introduction thereinto of the melting or molten tin, or it may be charged upon the latter, in which case a covering of molten slag or the like may be superimposed as per my Letters Patent No. 877,518, dated J anuary 28, 1908, to prevent react-ions with constituents of the atmosphere. It appears, however, that, notwithstanding .the higher melting point and the lower specific gravity of titanium as compared with tin, elemental titanium, in the aforesaid proportion, however added, is able to reach, and react upon,v
or chemically combine with, all undesired elements and compounds present in the mass of molten tin. nium, the temperature of the bath is maintained fully at that of the melting point of tin, and will be found to be somewhatheightened by the said chemical reactions and combinations attributable to the presence of the titanium, and until these have fully taken place, the time required for these being usually but a few minutes.
The titanium appears to not only combine chemically with undesired elements present,
such as free oxygen and nitrogen, but also,.
by reason of its intenser afiinity for such elements, to reduce compounds thereof, such as oxid of tin for example, and to combine with the oxygen thus liberatedto form oxid of titanium, the presence of which in the bath imparts to therein occluded slags sufficient fluidity to insure their rising properly to the surface of the molten mass.
. After the aforesaid operations the molten tin may be tapped out and cast in the usual manner.
It will be understood that while a final tin product free from titanium as well as the impurities mentioned is primarily desired and represents one feature of my present invention, nevertheless, for some purposes, presence incidentally of some little titanium 1n the resulting product may be unobjec- After addition of the tita-' tionable or desirable. be those in which the proportion of titanium remaining in the final product is less than say 1%, being an amount insufiicient to justify its designation as an alloy of titanium in the usual commercial sense, orde- Such instances may pendence on such small amount of titanium out of substantially pure metallic tin; as
being substantially devoid of undesired elements or compounds including slags; as containing less than 1% of titanium; as free from blow-holes and other physical imperfections due to presence or action of elements and substances other than tin, and as of greater density and tensile strength besides other desirable qualities than'tin heretofore produced on an industrial scale.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the following, viz
1. The method of improving the properties of tin which consists in adding thereto while molten titanium in amount sufiicient to result in a final product containing titanium not to exceed 1%.
2. The method of improving the properties of tin which consists in adding thereto while molten an alloy containing titanium in amount suflicient to result in a final product containing titanium not to exceed 1%.
3. The method of improving the properties of tin which consists in adding thereto while molten an alloy containing tin and titanium in amount sufiicient to result in a 'final product containing titanium not to exceed 1%.
4. As a new article a metallic body composed preponderatingly of tin and containing titanium not to exceed 1%.
5. As a new article tin containing titanium not to exceed 1%.
AUGUSTE J. ROSSI.
Witnesses:
WALTER D. ED oNns, :GEoRoE G. MEASURES.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60116611A US1020515A (en) | 1911-01-06 | 1911-01-06 | Tin and method of purifying and improving the same. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60116611A US1020515A (en) | 1911-01-06 | 1911-01-06 | Tin and method of purifying and improving the same. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1020515A true US1020515A (en) | 1912-03-19 |
Family
ID=3088813
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US60116611A Expired - Lifetime US1020515A (en) | 1911-01-06 | 1911-01-06 | Tin and method of purifying and improving the same. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1020515A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2669514A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1954-02-16 | Rem Cru Titanium Inc | Titanium base alloys containing tin |
-
1911
- 1911-01-06 US US60116611A patent/US1020515A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2669514A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1954-02-16 | Rem Cru Titanium Inc | Titanium base alloys containing tin |
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