US1017969A

US1017969A - Method of casting metal.

Info

Publication number: US1017969A
Application number: US53752210A
Authority: US
Inventors: Reese T Harris
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-01-11
Filing date: 1910-01-11
Publication date: 1912-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 1929-02-20

Description

R. T. HARRIS.

METHOD 0F oAsTme METAL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 11, 1910.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

3Y SHEETS-SHEET 1.

` 'Rm/st. EI. Inventor.

lnventor. y Ewan E] .Hon/dn.

Attorney.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

lnlrlil R. T. HARRIS. MTHOD 0F GSTINGl METAL.

APPLICATION IILBD IAE. 11, 1910.

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Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

a SHEETS-SHEET s run srarns PATENT onirica BEESE T. HARRIS, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK. v f

METHOD or CASTING METAL.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all who/m 'it 'may conca-m: i

Be it known that I, Runsn T.IIARRis, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erieand State of New York, have invented a certain new and use` ful Improved Method of' CastingMetal, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to improvements' in the -art of casting metals and Aparticularly to the inethodlof casting steel charging boxes and the like.

The principal objects of the invent-ion are to materially clieapen the cost of casting by siinplifyingthe operation and increasing the rapidity, and to produce a casting of even and uniform firmness of metal which is not distorted from its regular sha-pe or cracked in cooling and is provided with comparatively smooth surfaces. Y 4

For a full understanding of the nature and character of this improved method of y casting metals, reference is to be had: to the accompanying drawings in which a fpreferred adaptation of `a mold capable of ca'r'- 25 ry-ing out the'method is shown.

Figure 1 is a transverse section through the mold. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the mold similar to Fig. 1., biitincludingthe metal casting and illustrating the metal core partially withdrawn from the mold. Fig'. 3 is a top plan view of the Yimprovedmold. Fig. 4 is a central longitudi! nal section through the mold onl line a a,

. form the interior contour of the casting as shown in Fig. 1,'-the' lower inner'edges of its which forms the exterior contour of the metal casting andis ittedjin the flask@ in the usual y manner. Green sand is then tamped into 'the flask around the pat-tern" to -securethe imprint of` the pattern and forni the lowerlgreen sand portion 3 -of the mold.'v

Theinterior k c oi'itour of theboxis formed by a metal. elementwhich is .fitted `on the tlask 1 afterthe mold portion ,1 3 'isfcompleted -and the wooden pat-tern 2 is withdrawn. -This metal element is'preferably constructed of two parts or members which are hinged togetherso that they can collapse or fold together.v lThe members are practicallysimilarinisize and shape butv extend oppositelyand are opposed to each other so that when in o pen position the metal element vwill be of a dished or 'barrel like form.

The members each consist of a lower' ap- Patented Febgeo, 1912.' j Application iled January V1 1, 1910. Serial 1105531522. l l l yproxii'nately horizontal inwardly extending zportion 4, a vertical medial portion 5 and a horizontal outwardly extending top iange `'portion 6.

The hinges for connecting the members consist of lugs 7 which extendvup` from the top surfaces ofthe .horizont-al' portions f4 near the inner margins thereof and lap each .v

other, and hingev pintlesjS which are loosel fitted through eye openings in the lugs.

Two hinges each'consisting of three lugs and a pintle are preferably utilized, each of -which is located near one end of'v the metal element. i It will be noted that the junction of the lowerhorizontal portion 4 and the-medial vertical portion 5 is of a rounded f form. The object of this is to 'give a similar round- `ing contour to the interior-fof the cast-ing and also to' enable'the members of the metal element to'be easily turned on their hinges and withdrawn froml the casting.

When the metal element is infposition to members 'butt closely together, so that an eX- tremely smooth and practically unbroken surface is 4presented to the molten nietal'as is 4flows in.

The metal element is collapsed and withdrawn afterthe molten metal-y is poured in shown tend transversely between membersl and are` connected at?y their respective ends to the membersby ins 11 which pass through holes 12 in thebridge bars and holesI 13v in raised cross ribsl on thetopfiange'd'portionsof the members.' 'l Each bridge-bar has a central vided with an opening 16 in which one of the hooks 9 engage. Each of the bridge bars is additionally connected to one of the members of the m'etal element or core by a link 17 which is pivoted atits. inner end by a pin 18 to the bridge bar at a point vertically belowthe opening 16 in the lug 15, see Fig.1. The outer end of the link is pivoted b y a pin 19 to an inwardly projecting lug 20 located near the top of the vertical medial portion 5,0f one of the members.

The members of the metal element or core are each stiffened and strengthened on their inner surface by longitudlnal and transverse ribs 21 and 22.l

The ends ofthe core are closed by end" pieces which arefformed of sand inserted in place between the endmargins of thevmembers of the metal element or core when in their separated position, as in Fig. y1.

As theycharging box designed to be 'cast with this improved process and the mold shown inthe accompanying drawings has a slottedI end and a" plain end, one of theendv pieces is ftnorrned in two separated

sections

23 and 24 which are fitted together as shown in Fig. `5, andisha'ped to leave the necessary slot This limproved in the slotted end and the other in one solidv piece 25.

Thepouring hole 26 1s located at one end of the sand portionv of the mold land the vent hole 27 at the opposite end of said sand portion.

process is mainlyused in casting thin, narrow elongated pieces of dished form which are difficult to cast in the ordinary nia-nner with sand cores and practically impossible to cast with solid metal cores.v

In carrying out this process the wooden pattern 2 is first placed onthe flask 1 and green molding sand is thenI rammed into the space between "the flask and pattern to form the lower sand portion 3 of the mold.

The pattern is withdrawn after the sand portion?) is completed and the metal element or core is fitted on the flask and the sand end pieces placed in the ends of the metal element or core. The molten metal which forms the casting is now poured in the pouring vhole 26-until it runs out of the vent 27 at thel opposite end. After the casting is poured, the metal element. is collapsed and lifted very quickly from thecasting andv before the.

casting has cooled beyond the surface hardening of the metal.

By removing the metal element the interior surface of' the'jcasting is completely exposed to the air so that it may' cool'evenlyl andshrink or contract freely. This preventsany distortion or cracking-of the metal and produces a casting of regularform and unis form firmness of metal. l y

To prevent sudden chilling of the lmolten metal, the metalelement is heated in any l well known manner before the metal is poured in the flask, for instance, a fire may be built in the metal element.

' The metal element .or core is preferably constructed .of cast iron and it is washed with a composition of graphite and fire clay or any other suitable composition for producing a smooth non-adhesive surface to contact with the molten metal. The collapsing'of the metalelement also breaks up the sand end pieces of the core, so that the casting when sufficiently cooled can be easily removed from the lower sand portion 3 of the mold. But one flask is required with this construction as the metal element serves not only as a core and a cope but also as the entire top portion of the mold.

The wooden pattern 2 is provided on its bottom with two parallel longitudinal ribs 28 which press channels 29 im the surface of the lower sand portion 3 of the mold. These channels lconstitute gates for the flowing molten metal and also 'serve to form corresponding parallel longitudinal ribs 30 on the bottom of the casting. After the4 woodenpattern is removed converging grooves or channels 31 are formed which extend from the ends of the channels 29 to the pouring hole or gate.

The flask and metal core are pinned to each other sol thatthey will register properly together. This is accomplished by providing 'flanges 32 or the like on the outer mar.- gins of the top portions of the fla-sksides and providing lsuch flanges with vertical pinswhich are adapted to enter openings in the lateral extensions 34 of the metal core. y End plates 35 are fitted on, the ends of the flask over the ends of the mold and are held in place by weights or clamps. These plates serve to close the top ends of the flask as the core is not as long as the flask and also pre- 'vent the sand from being forced out over the top by themolten metal asit is poured in.

One of theprincipal purposes for which this improved method is utilized is inthe casting of charging boxes from open hearth and Bessemer and other forms ofsteel and directly from the ladle, the'iron being converted into' ,'steel and then `carried to and poured ,into the mold while still ina molten state.

In carrying out this improved process of casting metal, the lower or sand portion of the moldv is first formed, the metal element, the outer vsurface of which has been coated with the non-adhesive composition as before described, is fitted in place on the flask, the sand end pieces. are fitted in place, the metal element is heated to about the desired temperature, form the casting, 'and the metal element is immediately collapsed. and lifted `from contact with the casting.l i l v The principal features of' this improved the molten metal .is poured in to.

method of casting metal reside in simplifying the operation of producing the necessary mold by dispensing With a sand core and a cope and utilizing in lieu thereof a metal element which forms a permanent core and cope, in heating the metal element to prevent sudden chilling, in arranging this metal element so thatit. can be immediately Withdrawn as soon as the metal is poured, which exposes the hot casting to the even and uniform andcOmparatively quick cooling action of the Surrounding air,.and permits itI to shrink and contract freely While cooling to preventl distortion or cracking, in greatly increasing the capacity of production of the molds and castings and in producing perfect undistorted, uncracked and regular castings of even firmness of metal, with smooth surfaces and Without blow holes or defects.

I claim.

l. A method of casting metals which consistsin pouring the molten metal in a mold composed in partof non-friable metal and in part of friable material and then When the metal of the casting solidifies `collapsing the non-friable metal part `of the mold and breaking-up the friable part'.

2. The *hereinbefore described method of cast-ing metals consisting in first preparing a mold including a metal element and separate sand elements, heating the metal element to prevent sudden chilling of the molten metal, pouring the molten metal in the mold, and then quickly removing the metal elementl of the mold, and simultaneously breaking up some of the sand elements to completely expose the interior of the hot casting to the atmosphere.

3. A method of casting metals which consists in pouring the molten metal in a mold composed in part of non-friable metal and in part of riable material and then when the metal of the casting solidilies simultaneously collapsing the non-friable part of the mold and breaking up the friable part.

4. A method of cast-ing metals Which consists .in pouring the molten metal in a mold composed in part of non-riable metaland in part of friable material and then when the metal of the casting solidities collapsing the non-friable part of the mold and by said collapsing crushing and breaking up the friable part.

5. A method of casting metals which consists in pouring the molten metalin a mold having a composite collapsible core of nonfriable metal and friable material so constructed that the collapsing of the core portion of non-friable metal will crush and break up the port-ion of friable material and then when the metal of the casting solidifies collapsing and removing said core.

REEs-E T. Hansis.

lVitnesses:

W. H. EBscoRY, L. M. SANGSTER.