US10166926B2 - Automatically dimmable rear-view mirror arrangement for motor vehicles and method for producing a mirror assembly for a rear-view mirror arrangement - Google Patents
Automatically dimmable rear-view mirror arrangement for motor vehicles and method for producing a mirror assembly for a rear-view mirror arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US10166926B2 US10166926B2 US14/440,485 US201314440485A US10166926B2 US 10166926 B2 US10166926 B2 US 10166926B2 US 201314440485 A US201314440485 A US 201314440485A US 10166926 B2 US10166926 B2 US 10166926B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- transparent
- mirror arrangement
- assembly
- liquid crystalline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
- B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
- B60R1/088—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an automatically dimmable rear-view mirror arrangement for motor vehicles and to a method for producing a mirror assembly for a rear-view mirror arrangement.
- Rear-view mirror arrangements for motor vehicles have a reflective surface that enables the traffic at the rear to be observed.
- the rear-view mirror arrangements are usually embodied such that they are additionally dimmable. During travel in darkness, this prevents dazzle arising from vehicles following behind.
- light sensors arranged in the mirror housing measure or detect the difference in brightness between automobile front zone and rear traffic area. The measurement values are then forwarded to evaluation and control electronics and the reflectivity of the mirror arrangement is correspondingly varied.
- electrochromic rear-view mirror arrangements composed of an electrochromic material and rear-view mirror arrangements which comprise a liquid crystal layer are known in this case. In both systems, the reflectivity is variable when an electric field is applied.
- electrochromic (EC) rear-view mirror arrangements have the disadvantage that this technology has a high current consumption, and that the variation of the reflectivity is very slow.
- the known rear-view mirror arrangements comprising a liquid crystal layer (LC) also have some disadvantages.
- Both the known EC mirror arrangements and the previously known LC mirror arrangements substantially consist of a transparent glass pane facing the viewing side, a so-called EC and LC cell, respectively, situated behind the latter, and a lower terminating glass layer provided with a reflective coating.
- the two glass layers have to be aligned and arranged exactly parallel to and spaced apart from one another.
- the manufacturing costs are very high particularly in the embodiment of rear-view mirror arrangements having a curved surface configuration.
- the glasses are embodied in a correspondingly curved fashion by bending, wherein two glasses have to match one another exactly with regard to their curvature.
- the object from the standpoint of a further aspect of the invention consists in specifying a method for producing a mirror assembly whereby the mirror assembly can be produced cost-effectively.
- a rear-view mirror arrangement for motor vehicles comprising a housing and a mirror assembly arranged thereon and having a front side and a rear side for observing following traffic, the mirror assembly having a reflectance that it is variable by a control device.
- the mirror assembly comprises two transparent carrier layers, at least one reflection coating, and an electrically drivable liquid crystal cell arranged between the transparent carrier layers.
- the liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystalline layer (LC) arranged in a sealed fashion between two transparent electrically conductive layers and a transparent alignment layer provided between the electrically conductive layers and the liquid crystalline layer.
- the alignment layer is to bring about an alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.
- the transparent carrier layer facing toward the housing on a rear side of the rear-view mirror arrangement is arranged adjacent to the electrically conductive layer, and comprises an optically transparent plastic film provided with the reflection coating on a rear side thereof.
- the object is achieved by way of the features specified in the claimed invention, which include generally a method for producing a mirror assembly for a rear-view mirror arrangement (as set forth herein), the method including (i.) producing a first assembly by providing a transparent carrier layer composed of glass or plastic, coating the transparent carrier layer with a first electrically conductive layer, and arranging a first alignment layer on the first electrically conductive layer; (ii.) producing a second assembly by providing a transparent thermoplastic film as a carrier layer, coating the carrier layer with a second electrically conductive layer, and arranging a second alignment layer on the second electrically conductive layer; (iii.) arranging, in a circumferential fashion, a seal to the coated surface of the first or second assembly, and also a liquid crystalline layer (LC) within the sealed region; and then (iv.) connecting the first and second assemblies under vacuum to form the mirror assembly.
- a transparent carrier layer composed of glass or plastic
- a first alignment layer on the first electrically conductive layer
- a rear-view mirror arrangement significantly reduced in weight can be implemented. Owing to the use of a mirror assembly comprising an electrically drivable liquid crystal cell, the reflection behavior can be varied very rapidly, a low energy consumption additionally being present.
- the production costs can be considerably reduced since the film can be adapted with regard to curvature to the transparent carrier layer facing the front side, i.e., the cover layer of the mirror assembly composed of a glass layer. Double images and optical distortions for the vehicle user are avoided on account of this ideal adaptation of the film to the glass layer.
- the mirror assembly in a further embodiment of the rear-view mirror arrangement according to the invention, provision is made for the mirror assembly to be fixed to the housing in a frameless fashion.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic, front view of a rear-view mirror arrangement as an interior mirror arrangement, in accordance with embodiments.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the layer construction of the mirror assembly, in accordance with embodiments.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a rear-view mirror arrangement 1 for incorporation into a motor vehicle in a schematic illustration in a front view.
- a mirror assembly 2 enabling the following traffic to be observed is held in a manner enclosed in a housing 3 in a first configuration.
- the housing 3 has a receptacle space having a receptacle opening toward the front.
- the housing 3 furthermore usually has a frame element 4 , which fixes the mirror assembly 2 in a clamping fashion in the edge region during mounting.
- the housing 3 is usually fixable by way of a holding device/mirror base to the interior, i.e., to the vehicle roof lining or to the windshield of a motor vehicle.
- At least one light sensor is incorporated into the housing 3 and detects the light intensity of the surroundings from the direction of the following traffic. Furthermore, the light intensity of the front zone of the motor vehicle is detected. The mirror assembly 2 is then driven and dimmed depending on the measured signals. It goes without saying that the rear-view mirror arrangement 1 can also be embodied as an exterior mirror.
- the layer construction of the mirror assembly 2 equipped with an automatic dimming function is described below with reference thereto.
- the sensors that detect the light intensity, the drive and evaluation electronics, are not illustrated or described in greater detail. The latter are known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art.
- the illustration of the layers is not depicted to scale, but rather only with regard to better identifiability.
- the layer thickness of the mirror assembly 2 in the example illustrated is approximately 2.2 mm.
- the layer thickness of the transparent carrier layer 5 facing the front side V is approximately 2 mm.
- the layer thicknesses can also be embodied differently.
- the carrier layer 5 having the function of anti-scratch protection can have a different layer thickness, in particular a smaller layer thickness.
- the mirror assembly 2 comprises a liquid crystal cell 6 , which forms the heart of the mirror assembly 2 . It is embodied such that it is electrically drivable.
- This technology based on liquid crystals makes use of the effect that when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented parallel to the electric field. In the ground state, that is to say without an electric field, the liquid crystal molecules provided with color pigments are aligned in the longitudinal direction, i.e., passage direction of the light. In order to maintain this alignment, alignment layers are provided.
- the liquid crystal cell 6 substantially includes the construction described herein.
- a liquid crystalline layer 8 is arranged in sealed fashion between two transparent electrically conductive layers 7 .
- the contacting of these planar electrodes 7 is not illustrated.
- the electrically conductive layers 7 can be embodied as indium tin layer (IT) or indium tin oxide layer (ITO).
- ITO indium tin oxide layer
- a layer that brings about an alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the ground state (in the absence of an applied electric field) is in each case provided between the electrically conductive layers 7 and the liquid crystalline layer 8 .
- alignment layers 9 are designated as alignment layers 9 , which are likewise configured in transparent fashion, and can consist of a polyimide.
- the liquid crystals of the liquid crystalline layer 8 are accommodated in sealed fashion between the alignment layers 9 by a circumferential seal 10 arranged marginally.
- the circumferential seal 10 can be attained by way of a marginally arranged ring-shaped layer of an adhesive material.
- the liquid crystalline layer 8 comprises spacer elements 11 of circle configuration.
- spacer elements having a different shape and configuration can also be used here.
- the liquid crystal cell 6 described above is arranged between two transparent carrier layers 5 , 12 .
- the transparent carrier layer 5 is embodied as a glass layer.
- the glass layer has the function of anti-scratch protection.
- a transparent plastic can also be used as a further material for the transparent carrier layer 5 arranged on the front side.
- the transparent carrier layer 12 is embodied as a film.
- an optically transparent plastic film 12 preferably composed of a thermoplastic such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as material for the film 12 .
- the film 12 is provided with a non-transparent reflective layer 13 on the rear side thereof.
- the nontransparent reflective layer 13 can consist of a silver-, aluminum- or chromium-based coating.
- the layer 13 is produced, for example, by damper deposition or sputtering or spraying.
- an anti-corrosion protective layer 14 is preferably arranged in a terminating manner on the side facing toward the inner side of the housing.
- the reflective layer is embodied as a semi-transparent reflective coating. This enables the additional arrangement of a display arrangement on the rear side of the mirror assembly 2 .
- a first assembly and a second assembly are produced, as described in greater detail below.
- the marginal seal 10 and the liquid crystals 8 are applied to the first or second assembly.
- the two assemblies are then closed under vacuum in a manner free of blisters.
- the electrically conductive layer 7 and the alignment layer 9 are produced on the transparent carrier plate 5 composed of glass or plastic facing the front side. This can likewise be carried out by vapor deposition, sputtering, spraying. In this case, the layers can be produced either successively, i.e., firstly the electrically conductive layer 7 and then the alignment layer 9 , or in a common method step.
- a reflective coating 13 is applied to the thermoplastic transparent film 12 in known methods by way of vapor deposition, spraying, sputtering.
- the electrically conductive layer 7 and the alignment layer 9 are then produced on the opposite side of the film 12 .
- This can likewise be carried out by way of vapor deposition, sputtering, spraying.
- the layers can be produced either successively, i.e., firstly the electrically conductive layer 7 and then the alignment layer 9 , or in a common method step.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012220192.0A DE102012220192B3 (de) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Automatisch abblendbare Rückspiegelanordnung für Kraftfahrzeuge sowie Verfahren zurHerstellung einer Spiegelbaugruppe für eine Rückspiegelanordnung |
DE102012220192.0 | 2012-11-06 | ||
DE102012220192 | 2012-11-06 | ||
PCT/DE2013/200229 WO2014071937A1 (fr) | 2012-11-06 | 2013-10-16 | Ensemble rétroviseur à propriété anti-éblouissante automatique pour véhicules automobiles ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un groupe miroir pour un dispositif de rétroviseur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20150283945A1 US20150283945A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
US10166926B2 true US10166926B2 (en) | 2019-01-01 |
Family
ID=49765752
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/440,485 Active US10166926B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2013-10-16 | Automatically dimmable rear-view mirror arrangement for motor vehicles and method for producing a mirror assembly for a rear-view mirror arrangement |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10166926B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2917074B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN104853957B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102012220192B3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014071937A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11639134B1 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2023-05-02 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Interior rearview mirror assembly with driver monitoring system |
US11766968B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2023-09-26 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly with video mirror display and VRLC stack |
US11780372B2 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2023-10-10 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with driver monitoring camera and near IR light emitter at interior rearview mirror assembly |
US11827153B2 (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2023-11-28 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Vehicular interior cabin lighting system selectively operable for DMS and OMS functions |
US11851080B2 (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2023-12-26 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with posture detection and alert |
US11930264B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2024-03-12 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with camera view optimization |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013203531B3 (de) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-05-22 | Magna Mirrors Holding Gmbh | Rückspiegelanordnung für Kraftfahrzeuge |
US11634078B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2023-04-25 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular rearview mirror control system |
US10967796B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2021-04-06 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Interior rearview mirror assembly with low profile mirror |
CN105329363A (zh) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-17 | 无锡尊宝电动车有限公司 | 一种新型电动车后视镜 |
US10948798B2 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2021-03-16 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Caseless rearview mirror assembly |
DE102016218084B3 (de) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-05-09 | Magna Mirrors Holding Gmbh | Fahrzeugspiegel mit Beschriftung |
KR20180110873A (ko) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 디밍 기능을 갖는 스마트 윈도우 |
TWI740085B (zh) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-09-21 | 先進光電科技股份有限公司 | 行動載具輔助系統 |
WO2021043397A1 (fr) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | Zkw Group Gmbh | Procédé de production d'un élément de conception de véhicule automobile semi-transparent |
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US20060267016A1 (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-30 | Ki-Wan Ahn | Liquid crystal display and method of making the same |
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US20120026571A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-02-02 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Electro-optic rearview mirror assembly for vehicle |
US20120236388A1 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2012-09-20 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Frameless interior rearview mirror assembly |
US20130170013A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2013-07-04 | Gentex Corporation | Automotive rearview mirror with capacitive switches |
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DE19631409A1 (de) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-12 | Juergen Dipl Ing Heinz | Baugruppe mit veränderbarer Transmission und Reflexbeschichtung |
JP4732491B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社村上開明堂 | 車両装備品 |
-
2012
- 2012-11-06 DE DE102012220192.0A patent/DE102012220192B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-10-16 EP EP13805752.6A patent/EP2917074B1/fr active Active
- 2013-10-16 US US14/440,485 patent/US10166926B2/en active Active
- 2013-10-16 CN CN201380061358.9A patent/CN104853957B/zh active Active
- 2013-10-16 WO PCT/DE2013/200229 patent/WO2014071937A1/fr active Application Filing
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US4729638A (en) | 1984-08-01 | 1988-03-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal-type nonglare mirror |
US5851605A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1998-12-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Adhesive particulate composition, adhesive spacers for liquid crystal display panel, and liquid crystal display panel |
US20020126229A1 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-09-12 | Optrex Corporation | Liquid crystal optical element and test method for its boundary layer |
US20020140884A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-03 | Richard David A. | Variable transmittance birefringent device |
US20130170013A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2013-07-04 | Gentex Corporation | Automotive rearview mirror with capacitive switches |
US20060267016A1 (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-30 | Ki-Wan Ahn | Liquid crystal display and method of making the same |
US20070206263A1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-09-06 | Neuman George A | Electro-Optical Element Including IMI Coatings |
US20120026571A1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-02-02 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Electro-optic rearview mirror assembly for vehicle |
US20120236388A1 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2012-09-20 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Frameless interior rearview mirror assembly |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11851080B2 (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2023-12-26 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with posture detection and alert |
US11639134B1 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2023-05-02 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Interior rearview mirror assembly with driver monitoring system |
US11780372B2 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2023-10-10 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with driver monitoring camera and near IR light emitter at interior rearview mirror assembly |
US11890990B2 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2024-02-06 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Interior rearview mirror assembly with driver monitoring system |
US11766968B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2023-09-26 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly with video mirror display and VRLC stack |
US11930264B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2024-03-12 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Vehicular driver monitoring system with camera view optimization |
US11827153B2 (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2023-11-28 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Vehicular interior cabin lighting system selectively operable for DMS and OMS functions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102012220192B3 (de) | 2014-05-22 |
CN104853957A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
EP2917074B1 (fr) | 2017-10-04 |
WO2014071937A1 (fr) | 2014-05-15 |
CN104853957B (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
EP2917074A1 (fr) | 2015-09-16 |
US20150283945A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
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