US1015460A - Device for producing draft in engines. - Google Patents

Description

J. TROTTER. DEVICE FOB. PRODUGING DRAFT IN ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 27

Patented Jan. 23, 1912.

vll/IM downwardly inclined rear portion adjacent UNITED srATEs [PATENT oEEroE. 1,

JAMES TROTTEE., y0E CHICAGO, ILEINoIs, AssIeNoE. orl ONE-HALE 'ro ALBERT a.

'y HoPKINs, 0F AURORA, ILLINoIs. y y,

DEVICE EOE] rEoDUfcING DRAFT` -IN'ENGINEs To all whom it may concern:

Draft in Engines', of which the following is a specification. Y f I In the present type of locomotive engines, inlv which a lire grate is employed having a the lire tubes, considerable difficult-y hasbeen experienced in that' the strongest draft is created at the peak or angle formed by thedepressed portion of the grate, due yto thev fact that uneven drafts are created through the re tubes or -flues which will causethe fuel to be consumed more rapidly at this point, thereby uncovering the same and.

causing the fuel to accumulate eXcessively on the grate in advance of thepeak soy that the fuel will not be consumed and vthereby block or close the tubes.

To overcome this ,objection and seriousV diiiiculty, and to provide improved means for creating a uniform .draft through all of the flues, which will maintainl an even depthV of lire bed whereby the grate` will be evenlyy covered throughout itsy entirearea is the .pri

mary object of this invention. n

,A further object 1s to provide proved device of this character in which the exhaust nozzle discharging into the stack for creating the draft' through thev flues, .is located at-a comparatively low point in the smoke box, andin which the diameterv of the choke of the vstack is proportionately increased, so thatk ther steam as it is discharged from the nozzle, will expand, and together with ytheV gases and cindersl -en- Y trained therein, 'substantially lill the stack. p

A further object is to 'provide ,an im@ proved device of this character for creating' a uniform draft through all of they flues.

A further object is to provide anii imfA proved device of this characteradapted to j,

prevent Ithe accumulationof cinders or ashes in the smoke boX, and which will automati-y cally clean the smoke boX andalso prevent the accumulation, of Arsmoke Vthe top there-` of without producing back pressure on the engine. Y

To the attainment of these endsy and the accomplishment of other new and useful objectsv as will appear, the invention consists'y in r the features Be it known that I, JAMES TRoT'rER, a citie zen of the United States, yresiding at Chi'- Speecaton otilettrs Patent. f Patented Jan, 23,1912, Application mea August 27, i907. A serial NO. 390327.

`of novelty in the nconstruction, .l Y i combination and'arrangement of the several parts hereinaftenmore fully describedand drawing illustrating an exemplilication of lthe invention, and in whichn -'claimed and shown in the accompanying eon Figure 1 is `a longitudinal sectional1 view `of a locomotive engine boiler constructed in accordance` with the principles of ithis yinvention.z Fig. .2 isv a" detail plan viewof ab charge nozzle. I

. Referring more particularly' to the "draw, i

ingand` in the present exempliiicationof the invention, i the numeral.Y 10 designates the boiler of av locomotive engine provided with. iretubes or lines 11 at the forward endof which is a smoke bo`X12. into which thetubes: v 11l dischargeland attherear with a firefboXv lfwith which `the flues11xalsojcommuni-- catefThexrefboX 13 is' v*provided with a fire' grate-having a substantially horizontal portion` 14 at the front thereof, and an inkk clined or depressed portion 15 at`the rearthereof which forms a peak 16 substantially midway of thelength of the grate.

Discharging' into -,the smoke box 12Tis ai nozzle 17 which is located at a comparatively low'point within the boxand the saidnoz'- zle is also` located lin. a direct line` with the stack 18, which latter communicates'withg. thev smoke 'box ingthe usual mannen The exhaust steam from" the lengine cylinder is directed into the nozzle17 in ythe ordinary j .f i. land is discharged from thenozzle and well known manner, not necessary to, illustrate, A dir'ectlyinto the stack 18.' The choke 19 o'f, the stackds of a somewhat larger diameter than the ,diameter of the ordinary choke, and

' is increased*proportionately with relatiorrto kthe heightof the nozzle 17 so that asthe steam isdischarged from the nozzle,fit willexpandandtogether with the gases and cin#V vders entrained; therein, .substantially Afill the.

stack. ,i Y

An imperforate partition :V20 is ,mounted within the smoke box in any suitable manner,

ypreferably byy securing Lit, along one edge to the wall 21ffjust ,abovethe forward ends` of t-he fues or tubes 11. This partitionem'- ioo y v i y bodies ashortu'forwardly projecting. portion 22 and a downwardly and forwardly in-` clined 1'portion from which projects la plate or tablelQS. Said table 23. may be made in.

fa separate piecenand secured Vto the inclined 65j portion ofthescree'n orshield for theidls-lv 31 on the nozzle portion, but is preferably made by deflecting the lower end of said inclined portion. As shown in Fig. 1, said partition extends across the forward ends of the upper series of tubes 11 so that gases therefrom are defiected downwardly. The free end of the plate or table 23 may be supported in any desired or suitable manner, preferably by means of a bracket 24 secured to the sides of the smoke box, and this plate or table 23 is provided with an aperture 25 which is located above the end of the nozzle 17 and is of a diameter somewhat larger than the said end. The free end of the plate or table 23 extends beyond the nozzle 17 and terminates short of the forward end of the smoke box 12.

The plates 20, 23, taken together, constitute a partition which crosses the line between the nozzle and the stack, and which is entirely imperforate, excepting for the opening 25 whereby direct connnunication between the flues and the stack will be concentrated around the nozzle through this opening and a very powerful draft will be produced under the plate or table 23 by. the employmentof a comparatively large nozzle whereby the cinders which do not pass directly through the conical screen 29 will bev continued onward in a horizontal direction by their momentum thus obtained, and will be eventually dashed against the screen 38 and thereby broken up and carried therethrough by the draft induced above the table 23.

A suitable screen 2G, preferably in the form of a foraminous plate whose perforations Vare shown as elongated openings 27 formed therein extends across t-he smoke box with one end thereof secured to the free edge of the plate or table 23, and the other edge preferably secured to the top of the smoke box 12 adjacent the forward edge thereof. The partition plate 20, the plate or table 23 and the perforated screen 26 are preferably so arranged as to divide the smoke box 12 into two compartments, one preferably above the other, and secured adjacent the plate or table 23 in advance of the nozzle 17 is a downwardly extending inclined baffle plate 28 which extends in a direction away from the nozzle 17 and terminates preferably at a point below the discharge end of the nozzle. Y

A suitable screen or shield 29, preferably constructed of a piece of metal provided with elongated openings 30, surrounds the discharge end of thenozzle 17, and is of an inverted rfrusto conical shape, the smaller end thereof resting upon'a suitable coupling 17 adjacent the end thereof and the larger end being secured to the plate or table 23 in anyvdesired or suitable manner so as to communicate with the aperture or opening 25l therein, and VVthis screen the nozzle 17.

Arranged within the upper chamber of the smoke box 12 which is formed by the partition 20 and screen 2G is a suitable support 32 which is preferably located adjacent the stack opening and is held in position in any desired or suitable manner.

A petticoat pipe 33 having a. flanged lower extremity l3ft is adjustably secured to the support 32 in any desired or suitable manner and is located intermediate the nozzle 17 and the`stack 18, and in a direct line with the discharge end of the nozzle so that the .steam passing from the nozzle 17 will also pass through the pipe 33 before entering the stack 18. Vlf desired, the pipe 33 may be provided with an adjustable section 35 arranged adjacent the upper end thereof and said section preferably surrounds the upper extremity of the pipe 33 and is clamped in position by means of suitable bolts 3G which pass through suitable ears or flanges 37 on the said section.

If desired, and in order to gain access to the upper chamber in the smoke box, the perforated plate or screen 2G may be provided with a removable section 3S which may be held in position in any desired or suitable manner.

In use, as the steam from the cylinder discharges into the stack 18 through the pipes 33, 35, the air in the smoke box will become rarefied and will be drawn up through the stack, thereby producing a draft through the pipes or flues 11.

It will be noted that if the partition 2O were not present, a stronger draft would be created through the series of fines adjacent the discharge end of the nozzle, but by the use of the partition and by locating the nozzle at a comparatively low point within the smoke box and below the free extremity of the partition, a uniform draft will be created through the lines and the cinders which would ordinarily accumulate on the lire bed at the lowest point of the grate will be raised through the ilues and discharged through the stack after they have become ground up in the smoke box, due to the fact that they are forced against the partition 20, screen 29, balile plate 28 and screen In the ordinary construction of engines of this type, and where an uneven draft is created through the tubes or flues, the peak 1G of the grate becomes uncovered, due tothe fact that the strongest draft is created at this point of the fire bed, but with this improved construction of engine, and by locating the discharge end of the nozzle 17 at a comparatively low point within the smoke box and sand mile ton, to 10S pounds tov a thousand` mile ton, thereby maintaining theeiiiciency of the engine at a very material reduction of expense. v

The screen or shield 29 serves as a means for assisting in breaking up the cinders as they are drawn through the re tubes, and cooperates with the bafiie plate 28, and also prevents the cinders from being forcedV directly throughthe stack 18.

If desired, the baffle plate :or shield 28 may be dispensed with without materially i altering the efficiency of the engine. L

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :--Y

1. 1n a device for the purpose described,

the combination` of a furnace embodying substantially horizontal smoke fines, a smoke box into which said flues discharge, a stack rising from said smoke box, an exhaust nozzle arranged below and in linevwithsaid stack, and a partitiony extendingy substantially entirely across the smoke box from side to side and inclined downwardly `and forwardly from a 'pointy above the fiuesbetween the back of the smoke box .andthe stack and crossing a linekbeti'veen the stack and the nozzle atan elevation substantially` above the nozzle and having an .enlarged passage arranged in direct line with the nozzle and stack whereby the flues will have direlct communication therethrough with the stac 2. The combination of ya smoke box`pro`` vided with a stack, fiues dischargingxinto the box, a nozzle within the bottom portion of the box, a partition .adjacent the ends .of the flues and extending from a point above the flues downwardly in an..inclined direc-j` tion and having at its lower end aforwardly extending portion above the upper end of said nozzle, said forwardly extending portion being provided with Van aperture co"' axially disposed with thenozzle, and a tubu-V lar screen secured at one end around theA edge of said. aperture and having its otherv vend extending around the upper end of the nozzle. 3; The combination of a smoke box provided with a stack, i'lues discharging into` the box, a nozzle within thebottom portion of the box, a partition adjacent the endsof 'fh'cured at one end to said lower end-of the 'partition about .the edge. of said aperture rearwardly to a point tirely facross yabove the fines smoke box and the stack and crossing a linel .between the stack and the nozzle atan eleva- A the'flues' and extending from a pointek above the rfines downwardly in an inclinedudirection, said lpartition having its lower end deflectedto extend above the upper end of said nozzle7 -said lower end being provided with an aperture coaxially disposed with' reference Ytothe nozzle, a screen extending transversely across the box and havingone edge supported tion of the/partition', and a tubular screen setlierein and having its other end extending around the upper end of the nozzle.

4. The combination of a 'smoke box prothe box, a nozzle within the bottom portionof the box, a partition adjacent the ends of the i'lfues andv extending from a point above the viiues downwardly in air inclined direction,

saidpartition having its lower end forwardly t-o .provider above the upper-.end of deflected a. portion` extending said nozzle, said portion'being provided with an apertuiie'col axial with thenozzle,

an adjustable petti- 'coat'piph-e ycoaxially mounted with said stack and nozzle, and atubular screen'secured at one vend to the of the partition around theedge of said aperture and :having its. otherr end secured to said 'nozzle aboutthe upper end thereof.

5; In a deviceforI the purpose described,

adjacent the apertured pori so 'A vided with a stack, fiuesdiscliarging into forwardly extendingrportion f e5 f i the combination of a furnace embodying substantially horizontal f smoke fines', ay smoke box into which said 'flues discharge,

a stack rising 'fromy said smoke box, an ex khaust nozzle arranged below" and Iin line Y with said stack,a partition extending fromV a pointabove the fluesbetween the` back of the smok'ebox and the stack and crossing a line between thestack and the'nozzlekat an elevation substantially above lthe nozzle and having an enlarged passage yin directline with the nozzle and stack whereby the flues will have direct communication therethrough withthe stack, saidV partition being other? wise imperforate, and a screen extending fromitheforward sidejof the smoke lbox forward of` said opening. i

6.111 a the combination of a furnace embodying substantially horizontal smoke flues, a

smoke box into which said fiuesdiscliarge,

a 'stackrising fromzsaid smokebox, an exhaust nozzlearranged below and in line withYr 1 said stack, adownwardly and forwardly inclined Ypartition extending substantially en'-V the smoke box fromV apoint between the `back5 of the tion substantially above the nozzle and having anenlarged passage arranged indirect linewith the ynozzle andstack'whereby the f f device for the purposedescribed,

flues will have direct communication therethrough with the stack, and a foraminous screen extending from the forward side of the smoke box rearwardly to a point for'- ward of said passage.

7. The combination of a smoke box provided with a stack, flues discharging into the box, a partition arranged in the upper portion of the box across the ends of some of the flues, said section being imperforate except for an opening in line with the stack, a. nozzle discharging into the stack through said opening, the discharge end of the nozzle being located relatively low in the smoke box and terminating short of the end of said partition, an inverted frustoconical screen surrounding the orifice of said nozzle and extending upwardly to the lower end of said partition, and a baffle in advance of the nozzle, said baiiie being arranged to project forwardly and downwardly from the upper edge of said screen.

8. The combination with a boiler shell provided with a transverse wall for forming a smoke box at one end thereof, a stack opening from said smoke box, fines discharging' into the box through said wall, an imperforate partition rigidly mounted upon said wall above the uppermost flues and projecting downwardly at an inclination over some of said flues, said imperforate partition being provided with a forwardly extending portion with an `opening coaxial with the stack, a nozzle disposed at a low point in the smoke box and terlninating below said opening, said nozzle being thereby adapted to discharge through the openin(T into the stack, a screen extending from said forwardly extending port-ion to said nozzle, and a baffle projecting forwardly at an inclination from the forward end of said forwardly projecting portion.

In a device for the purpose described, the combination of a furnace embodying substantially horizontal smoke fines, a smoke box into which said fiues discharge, a stack rising from said smoke box, an exhaust nozzle arranged below and in line with said stack, a partition extending from a. point above the fines between the back of the smoke box and the stack and crossing a line between the stack and the nozzle at an elevation substantially above the nozzle and having an enlarged passage in direct line with the nozzle and stack whereby the iiues will have direct communication therethrough with the stack, said partition being otherwise imperforate.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 23rd day of August A. l). 1907;

JAMES TROTTER.

litnesses J. H. JOGHUM, Jr., CHARLES H. SEEM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C.

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