US1014522A - Gas-producer. - Google Patents

Description

C. RORABECK.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29, 1911.

' 1,014,522, 7 Patented Jan.9,191-2.

TTaFe/w: K

CLAUDE BORABECK, F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

Gas-raccoons.

Specification ,of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 29, 1911. Serial No. 624,001.

To all whom, it may concern.

Be'it known that I, CLAUDE RORABECK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Newark, in the county of Essexv and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in Gas- Producers; and I do hereby declare the 1501-.

lowing specification, taken in connection with the drawings forming part of the same, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the principle of said invention and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as .to distinguish it from other-inventions. l

The invention relates primarily to a gas producer in which a uniform fire is maintained'by providing an arrangement to allow the fresh fuel to be fed into the decomposition zone'which is above the combustion or coke zone, and of maintaining said decomposition and combustion zones in aconstant state of agitation and of passing preheated steam and air through said combustion zone to form carbon dioxid, hydrogen and other gases, which in turn pass through the decomposition zone to form the producer gas which consists of carbon monoxid, hydrogen and other gases.

The primary object of this invention is to i provide a gas producer in which the fresh fuel is injected into the burning fuel which is forming the carbon monoxid and is above the combustion zone, thereby causing the products of the destructive distillation such as tar and other hydrocarbons of the fresh fuel to pass through the decomposition zone and be converted into a permanentgas.

Another feature of this invention relates to the arrangement for agitating the ash, combustion and decomposition zones by means of a revolving grate, thereby prevent-, in cavities from forming in said zones and affording a passage for undecomposed steam and air which would materially affect the incandescent carbon above it.

Another feature relates to the arrangement for admitting preheated steam and air so that the same will pass through the ash and combustion zones, there to be decomposed to form carbon dioxid, hydrogen and other gases, which then pass into the decomposition zone to be formed into producer gas, which consists of carbon monoxid, hydrogen and other gases, without passing through the fresh fuel which is injected into the decomposition z0ne.

forms in which the Patented ,iamia eie.

Other features relate to the'construction of the revolving grate and to. the means for,

.removing the ashes therefrom to keep the fire in the proper state, and further to a means for observing the character, of the fire without admitting a large volume unnecessarilycooling the fire.

Still other features relate to the constructionof the poke-hole plug which is so arrangedthat when an explosion occurs within the producer and the poke-hole plugs are of air and blown from their seat they will'immediately return to close the poke-holes without fur ther-attention and prevent the admission of air intothe producer.

. The invention comprises a stationary furnace preferably lined with brick and having a revolving grate, arranged at its lower end, upon the center of which grate a cylinder is mounted'to rotate therewith, which is also preferably of brick, and of sufficient height to extendabove the combustion zone or coke bed, said revolving cylinder being provided with a hole therethrough to allow for the passage of .fresh fuel into the furnace, and means arranged'to pass steamv and air between said revolving cylinder and the furnace walls. p

The annexed drawings and description thereof set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying means constituting, however,, but one of the various mechanical tion' may be used.

The novelty of the inventionlwill be readily understood from the drawings,which show so much of the gas producer as to properly exemplify the invention in its ferred form, and from the following description thereof;

The novelty of the invention is more particularlypointed out in the claims annexed to said specification.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional View of a gas producer clearly showin the interior. mechanism in its preferred orm. Fig. 2' is a plan viewof the revolving cylinder. Fig. 3 is a .plan view of one of the sections composing the brick lining of the cap of the gas producer. Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the sectors grate. I

Referring to the drawings the base 1 is cylindricalin fOrm,'clo'sed at the bottom and provided with a circular opening through the upper vwail The brick furnace 3, also principles of this invenof the revolving.

pre-

cylindrical in form, is built upon the wall 2 of the base and is provided with a circular opening corresponding to the opening in said wall 2. A cylindrical iron jacket. shell 4 is arranged about thebrick furnace 3 and is attached at its lower end to the base 1 by means of theplate 5 and at the upper end it is attachedto the producer head 6 by means of a similar plate 7 In the center of the base 1 a grate stand 8 is provided having a cylindrical upward projection 9 about which the grate table 10 isparranged to rotate. The grate table 10 is provided at its lower end with a circular groove between which a series of rollers 11 are inserted to form a roller bearingand carry the load. Two cylinders 12, preferably of brick, are mounted upon the grate table 10 and arranged to rotate therewith by means of a hollow cylindrical table neck 13 which is secured to said grate table 10 and is provided with two keys 14: arranged diametrically opposite and engaging said brick cylinders 12.

The revolving grate 15 is composed of a series of sectors (see Fig.4) inserted in the gratetable 10. From the construction of this grate 15 it will be seen that the same can be readily replaced without removing any fastenings, as the construction of each sector and the grate table is such that the outer end of the sector need only be raised slightly when the same can be withdrawn,

while the weight of the ashes will at all times keep the grate sectors in place. A

bevel gear 16 is secured to the lower end of the grate table 10 and engages with and is rotated by a bevel pinion 17 secured to the grate shaft 18. A bearing 19 is provided to support the grate shaft 18 at the bevel pinion end. Said grate shaft 19, which extends through the base 1, and is supported by the flange 20, may be connected with any suitable source of power to rotate the grate 15 and the brick cylinders 12 at a proper speed to keep the fire in constant agitation and thereby prevent any cavities from forming in .the decomposition and combustion means for periodically supplying fuel to the furnace.

The arrangement just described provides a means .to allow the fuel to be passed through the center of the grate mechanism and up through the brick cylinders 12 into the decomposltion zone above the combustion or coke zone, thereby causing the prodnets of the destructive distillation such as tar and other hydrocarbons of the fresh fuel to pass through the decomposition zone and be converted into a permanent gas.

The grate stand 8 is further provided with a cavity into which a steam pipe 25 is inserted supplying steam from any suitable source. The upper part of said grate stand 8 is provided with a series of apertures through which the steam may percolate and then pass out between the rollers 11 and through the grate 15 and up through the ash and'combustionfzone between the furnace walls 3 and the rotating-cylinders 12, there to be decomposed and to form carbon dioxichhydrogen and other gases which then pass into the decomposition zone to be formed into producer gas without passing through the fresh fuel which is fed into said decomposition zone.

The preheated air, which is decomposed in a similar manner as the steam, is supplied by a pipe 26 and passes into a circular opening formed by thetwo vertical walls of the base l; the inner wall being-provided with a series of apertures arranged above the grate 15 to allow the preheated air to pass above the ashes and through the combustion zone and then t-ln pugh the decomposition zone. a

The ashes formed on the grate 15 are removed by mcans of the ash stem 27, which is adjustably mounted in the base 1 and is operated by means of the hand wheel 28 and locked in any position by the hand nut 29. This arrangement provides an adjustable means to keep the fire clean without removing any of the live fuel.

,The base 1 is provided with a large opening 'on the left end as seen in Fig. 1', through which the ashes may be removed. An fish door frame 30 is secured to said base 1 and over said opening and is provided with an ash pit door 31 hinged to the upper end. thereof and so arranged as to automati- Elally close by its own weight. Said ash "001' 31 is provided with an opening 32 therein over which a small piece of mica 33 is secured by means of a flange 34:, so that the amount of ash may be observed without opening the ash pit door and admitting an unnet'essary amount of cold air and thereby materially affect the fireQ v The gases formed in the furnace pass through the openings 35 into the head 6 and from there through the outlet pipe 36. The producer head 6 is lined at its lower end with brick 42 made up in sections as shown in Fig. 3. These sections are held in place by the T ribs 38 formed' on the head 6 and by pins 37 which pass through the ends of said T ribs 38. A series of poke holes 39 are arranged insaid head .6 and each is provided with a plug 40 guided in a vertical direction by the bearing 41 which is secured to the head 6. Said bearing ll is arranged as a stop for said plug 40 when the same is blown out due to an explosion in the producer. The vertical guide for the plug 40 further insures the return of said plug 40- to close the poke hole 39, thereby prevent ing cold air from being admitted into the producer.

The operation of the producer is as follows: A fire having been started in the producer the fuel is injected into the decomposition zone above the combustion or coke zone through the center of the revolving grate and brick cylinder by any suitable stoker attached to the pipe 24. By feeding the fresh fuel into the decomposition zone as described, the products of the destructive distillation of. the fresh fuel such as tar and other hydrocarbons are caused to pass through the decomposition zone there to be absorbed, and thereby producing a gas free from these volatile constituents. The fire is kept in constant agitation by revolving the grate and the brick cylinders by means of any suitable mechanism attached to the shaft- 18, thereby preventing the format-ion of cavities in the fire through which any undecomposed air and steam may pass. The ashes are constantly removed from the re volving grate by properly adjusting the grate as it is found necessary when observing the fire through the mica in the ash door.

The preheated steam and air pass through the ashes and the combustion zone to form carbon dioxid, hydrogen and other gases which then pass through the decomposition zone to form the producer gas, without pass ing throi'igh the fresh fuel, which is fedinto the decomposition zone through the center of the revolving brick cylinder, and thereby enables said preheated steam and air to be properly decomposed. The gases as they are formed are then taken off at the upper end of the cylinder in any suitable manner.

Having described my invention and its.

2. The combination with a furnace, of a base therefor, a fuel feed pipe connected with said base, a grate stand mounted in said base, a revoluble grate mounted upon said grate stand, a cylinder mounted upon said grate and rotatable therewith and arranged to project above the combustion zone of the fire, and an opening through said cylinder, grate and grate stand, and connected with said fuel feed pipe to form a passage for the fresh fuel into the decomposition zone of the fire in said. furnace. a 3. The combination with a furnace, of a base therefor, a fuel feed pipe connected to said base, a grate stand mounted in said base, a revoluble grate mounted upon said stand, a cylinder mounted upon said grate and rotatable therewith and'projecting above the combusion zone of the fire, an opening in said cylinder, grate and stand connected with said fuel feed pipe to form a passage for the fresh fuel into the decomposition zone of the fire in said furnace, and means operable from without said base to rotate said grate and cylinder.

4. The combination with a furnace, of a base therefor, a revoluble grate, a cylinder mounted upon said grate and projecting above the combustion zone of the firein said furnace, a fuel feed pipeconnected to saidbase, and connections from said pipe to' said furnace whereby the fresh fuel may be fed into the decomposition zone of the 5.-The combination with a furnace, of a base therefor, a fuel feed pipe connected to said base, a revoluble grate, a cylinder mounted upon said grate and arranged to project above the combustion zone of the fire, an opening through said grate and cyl inder, and connections from said opening to saidfeed pipe to form a passage for the fresh fuel into the decomposition zone of the fire.

6. The combination with a furnace, of a revoluble grate therefor, a cylinder mounted upon said grate and rotatable therewith, and constructed to extend a considerable height within the producer structure and above said grate, and an opening through said grate and cylinder to form a passage for the fresh fuel into said furnace above the combustion zone of the fire.

CLAUDE RORABECK.

Vl itnesses -WILLIAM WALTER BLAKEMAN,

VVM. F. ZIMMERMA'NN.

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