US609705A

US609705A - Gas-producer

Info

Publication number: US609705A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 1915-08-23

Description

Patented Aug. 23,1898.

J. G. SANDERSON.

GAS PR-DUCER.

(Application led Tm '7, 1897. y (N o M o d e I .1)

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Nirnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES GARDNER SANDERSON, OF SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS-PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,705, dated August 23, 1898.

Applicant nea January 7, 1897.

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES GARDNER SAN- DERSON, a citizen 0f the United States, residin g at Scranton, in the county of Lackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas- Producers, of which the following isa specification.

My invention consists in the novel construction of a furnace for producing gas, and is especially designed for the use of small coals, such as bituminous breeze and anthracite culm, though larger sizes of coals can be used.

The special features of my present device are the cleaning discharge-valve and means for operating it, the side grates having lateral openings for admission of air and steam, the side chambers where the air and steam are superheated before entering the fuel through the side grates, and the means for feeding the fuel down the sides of the furnace, all of which will be hereinafter more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, l will proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section taken on the line ct l), Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line c d,Fig.1. Fig, 3 is a horizontal section through the Aline e f, Figs. l and 2; and Fig. fi is an elevation and plan, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the side grates.

Similar parts are indicated by the same reference-numbers in the various gures.

1 represents the outer shell or casing, of metal, of the producer; 2, a space filled with any heatnon-conducting material, such as mineral wool, sand, ashes, duc., and 3 a firebrick lining extending from the line ef to the top of the furnace.

4E represents a metal cover or top provided with the ribs, as shown, for giving additional strength and peaked lengthwise of the furnace. This top forms the under side of fuelhoppers 5 and is supported by metal beams 4', which are placed a sufficient distance from the sides of the furnace, so as to-leave openings for feed valves along the two sides, through which the fuel is fed to the furnace from the hoppers above. In one end of this serial No. 613,360. (Numana peaked (or,\it may be, arched) top is the gasoutlet pipe 8, and in the other end is a hinged door 8.

6 represents converging metal plates eX- tending down from the beams 1i and forming the inner` walls of the magazine feeders. Theseplates are inclined away from the sides of the furnace,`so as to give the fuel a free downward passage.

7 represents the gaschamber, in which may be located a feed-water heater (not shown) of any description for supplying the steam-geni erator, which is necessary for furnishing the steam required in the production of gas under this process.

9 represents the inclined metal sides of the downwardly-converging fire-pot, and l0 the inclined side grates, constructed as hereinafter explained and intended only for the admission of air and steam.

ll represents a horizontal ash-cleaning discharge-valve, the upper portion being adapted to move lengthwise on top of a stationary part, each part having openings which regisister and the upper portion having projections, as shown.

l2 represents metal pieces on each side of the cleaning discharge-valve, located below the side grates and also provided with projections which, being stationary, assist in breaking up clinker when the upper part of the discharge-valve'is reciprocated.

13 represents two superheating air and steam chambers into `which airand steam are forced under pressure through the

pipes

14, and 15` are metal frames supporting the side grates and lire-pot, as wellas the `portion of the furnace above the fire-pot.` l These frames rest on the base-plates 16, also of metal, which in turn rest on the foundations 17, preferably of masonry. Beneath the cleaning dischargevalve there is a tank 18, containing water and kextending outside the foundation of the producer. The water-level, being above the bottom 19 of the outer casing 1, makes a water seal and prevents the escape of" air and steam when the cleaning discharge-valve is being reciprocated. v

The side grates lO are made up of metal plates resting on top of eachother, as shown in Fig. 4. The plates haveribs projecting from their top or bottom surfaces to separate IOO v venient manner.

them and leaving lateral openings or horizontal spaces between the plates, through which the air and steam can pass from the chambers 13. Preferably there are no grates in the ends of the iire-pot, only along the sides, in which case the fuel is fed only along the sides and not at the ends. The Afuel in the fire-pot is maintained in a state of rapid combustion, and the walls of the fire-pot being of metal the chambers 13 will be very hot and will superheat the air and steam before it comes in contact with the fuel. The movable portion of the cleaning discharge-valve 1l can be reciprocated by means of a hand-lever, as shown at 20, or by power connected in any con- The ashes fall into the Water-tank and may be removed from the outside without interrupting the operations of the producer.

I have indicated revolving feed-valves in the openings between the fuel-hoppers and magazine-feeders, although they are unnecessary where very small coals and dust are used. They are necessary, however, when prepared coal or larger sizes are used. These valves are metal pipes with openings or slots extending the length of the hopper and of sufficient width to admit the coal to fill the pipes when the openings are on top and to discharge when the valves are revolved so that the openings will be down. They may be revolved by any suitable mechanism. As before stated, these were unnecessary where ne coals, such as anthracite culm and bituminous breeze, are used, as experience has shown that where a magazine-feed is used the considerable mass of the fine fuel containing much dust prevents the escape of gas through the hopper. I have not considered it necessary to show mechanism for revolving these valves, if employed, as it would need but simple sprocketor cog wheels on the ends of the pipes with chain belt or pinion 4to operate them, and also I have considered it unnecessary to showa steam-generator for supplying steam used in the process, as any form of generator may be used, and in many cases the steam would be taken from generators used for power or other purposes.

I do not confine myself to the particular construction of the discharge-valve as shown. Other known means for breaking and removing ash and clinker may be used in combination with the novel features of my construction.

In the process for generating gas in my improved producer the hopper is kept supplied with fuel, which is continuously supplied to the magazine-feeders. They, being always filled, maintain a uniform bed of fuel in the furnace. The air to maintain combustion and steam for decomposition enters the superheating chambers 13 and through the grates l0 into the lower part of the fuel-bed. As the fuel is consumed the reciprocating of the upper portion of the discharge-valve 11 loosens it up, and as the openings in the upper and lower portions register with each other the ash is discharged into the watertank beneath, from which it may be removed Without disturbing the operation of the producer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by'Letters Patent, is

l. A gas-producer comprising a casing, the fuel-hoppers, the magazine-feeders locatedat the sides of the casing and providing a gaschamber between them, the downwardly-converging iire-pot having side grates formed with lateral grate-openin gs, the superheatingchambers for the air and steam located at the sides of the fire-pot and discharging through the grate-openings, and means for breaking clinker and discharging ash at the foot of the inclined sides; substantially as described.

2. A gas-producer comprising a casing, the f uel-hoppers, the magazine-feeders located at the sides of the casing and providing a gaschamberbetween them, the downwardly-converging ire-pot having side 'grates formed with lateral grate-openings, the superheatingchambers for the air and steam located at the sides of the fire-pot and discharging through the grate-openings, and the discl'iarge-valve located at the bottom of the said tire-pot substantially as described.

3. A gas-producer comprisinga casing, the magazine-feeders located at the sides of the casing and providing a gas-chamber between them, the downwardly-converging iire-pot having side grat-es formed with lateral grateopenings, the superheating-chambers for the air and steam located at the sides ot' the firepot and discharging through the grate-openings, Vthe breaking-pieces provided with projections and located beneath the grates, and the discharge-valve having proj ect-ions working in conjunction with the projections on the breaking-pieces and located between the breaking-pieces; substantially as described.

4. A gas-producer comprising a fire-pot having downwardly-converging ends, and downwardly-converging sides formed with horizontal plates spaced apart to provide lateral openings proportioned to the width of said plates, the plates being of sufficient width to prevent ash or fuel falling through the lateral openings between the plates, the superheating-chambers located at the ends and sides of the fire-pot and discharging through the said lateral openings, and the magazines located at the sides oi' the producer through which the fuel is continuously fed; substantially as described.

5. A gas-producer comprising a continuous feeding device along two sides of the producer, a re-pot having two downwardly-converging sides formed with horizontal plates spaced apart to provide lateral openings proportioned to the width of said plates, the plates being of suflicient width to prevent'ash or fuel falling through the lateral openings between the plates, the superheating-cha-mbers located at IOO IIO

the sides of the fire pot and discharging through the said lateral openings, and a suitable device for breaking and discharging ash and clinker at the foot of the converging sides; substantiallyas described.

6. A gas-producer comprising a downwardly-converging hre-pot having side grates, the

breaking-pieces having projections and located beneath the side grates, and the ash-discharge valve consisting of a stationary portion having openings, and a movable portion having openings adapted to register with the openings in the stationary part,'and projections working in conjunction with the projections on the breaking-pieces; substantially as described.

7. A gas-producer comprising a iire-pot having downwardly-converging ends, and downwardly-converging sides formed with horizontal plates spaced apart to provide lateral openings proportioned to the width of said plates, the plates being of sucient width to prevent ash or fuel falling through the lateral openings between the plates, the superheatingchambers located at the ends and sides of the fire-pot and discharging through the said lateral openings, the downwardly-flaring magazines located at the sides of the producer through which the fuel is continuously fed, and a water-tank beneath the fire-pot to receive the ash as the fuel is consumed; subtantially as described.

8. A gas-producer comprising feed-hoppers extending lengthwise of the producer, the peaked top forming the under side of the hoppers placed a sufficient distance from the sides of the producer to provide feed-open-` ings, rotary cylindrical valves located in the feed-openings along the two sides, the inwardly-inclined pendent plates forming the inner walls of the magazine-feeders, a repot having two downwardly-converging sides formed with horizontal plates spaced apart to provide lateral openings, and the superheating-charnbers located at the sides of the re-pot and discharging through said lateral JAMES GARDNER SANDERSON.

Witnesses:

HARRY C. REYNOLDS, E. F. ScHIvE.