US1010116A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

WQ C. CARTERIl` CARBUBBTBR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12, 1910.

Patented N0v.28, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

unirse s'rAt-*Es PATENT OFFICE. l

` wiLLIAM c. CARTER, oF sT. Louis, mussolini..

CARBURETE'R.

l,To allfwhom it may concern: V

- new and useful Improvement in'Carbureters,

of which the following is a full,l clear, and

exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art -to which it appertains to `make and use the same. f

This invention relates to carbureters, and

particularly' to carburetersV of that type which comprise a vertically disposed multiple jet tube in which the liquid fuel rises and falls as the speed of the motor varies.

The main `object of my present invention is to provide a carbureter that is economical in the consumption of fuel-and which will produce a uniform mixture at differentspeeds ofthe motor.

Another object is to provide a carbureterthat is equipped with a primary jet which supplies fuel to the mixing chamber up to a certain speed of the motor, and a multiple jet which vcomes .into service automatically and supplies varying quantities of fuel when the motor is running above a certain speed. And still another object is to provide' a carbureter which is so designed that the operator can adjust the throttle valve accurately and with verylittle trouble.

()ther objects and 'desirable features of luy invention will be hereinafter pointed out.

l have herein illustrated my present-im vention embodied in a carbureterof the construction described innny pending applica tion Serial No. 526,823, filed November 8, 1909, but I wish it to be understood that the .invention is not' limited to a carbureter of the exact construction shown in said pending application as the particular design of l the mixing chamber, the air valve and the float chamber are immaterialv so faras broad idea is concerned.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical sectional view of a carbureter embodying my present invention; Fig. 2 is atop plan view of a portion of said carbureter, said view being taken on approximately the line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on approximately'the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on approximately the line 4 4 of Fig.f1; Fig'. is a horizontal sectional specicanon ofrettersment. raten-tea Nov. 28, 1911, Application filed April i12, 1810. -Serial No. 554.978.

view taken on approximately ,theline 5 5.' 55 of Fig. l; Fig. 6 is a perspective view ofthe y air valve that'is arranged at the upper end of said pipe; Fig. r is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of my invention; and. Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7.

Referring vtothe drawings which illustrate'the` preferred form of my present. invention, l designates the mixing chamber of the carbureter, 2 the throttle valve, 3 the lauxiliary air valve that supplies air to the mixing chamber, 3ft the spring that holds said Valve seated, 4 the float chamber, and

5 the {ioat in said chamber which governs the valve 6 thatcontrols the supply of liquid fuel to the float chamber. An open-ended air'pipe 7 which projects into'a-contracted portion 1a of the mixing chamber, surrounds a vertically disposed multiple jet tube A whose 'upper end is closed by a screw Vor plug 8 and whose lower end communicates with a. fuel duct S) that leads to the float `chamber so as to perlnit vliquid fuel to 'pass up into said jet tube and escapev laterally through theports or perfor-ations 10 therein.

`The air pipe 7 is spaced away from the side walls and from the bottom of the contracted portion 1a of the mixing chamber so as to provide a passageway through which air can travel from the 'lower end of the air pipe up around same and 'into the mixing chamber, said air pipe 7 being preferably tapered slightly, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to cause the velocity ofthe air to increaseV as it approaches the lower end of said pipe. The carbureter herein shown is provided with a conduit 1b that establishes communication between th'e mixing chamber and the .intake pipe of the motor above the throttle valve so asto insure sufficient suction in the mixing chamber when the motor is throttled downl to cause the air to travel through said mixing chamber quickly enough to prevent the fuel from becoming deposited on the walls thereof.

The carbureter isy equipped 4with a primary jet vB for supplying fuelto the mixing chamber up to a certain speed of the motor.

and in the construction herein shown said primary -jet communicates With'the fuel duct 9 and is so arranged that it injects a jet of fuel into the contracted p ortion'la of the mixingchamber adjacent the lower end of v ber and the enlarged or upper portion lo'f the the air i pipe 7 'Said primary jet B is preferably mounted in a screw-threaded opening in the bottom of' the contractedportion 1a of the mixing chamber so that it can be gotten at and removed easily b taking o the casting that forms the top o the ioat chammixing chamber. Two air ports `1'1 are formed in the-bottom of the -contracted portion 1L on opposite sides of the primary .jet B, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to cause currents of air to travel upwardly past-the opening in the jet B when a suction is created in the mixing chamber and thus'suck a jet of liquidV fuel out of the jet B upwardly into the contracted p ortion of the mixing chamber, said jet of liquid fuel becoming vaporized or converted into a gas by the air which enters through the air ports 11.` The air ports 11 20 an hour, the fuelthat is supplied by the prievo mary jet B. and vaporized by the air that enters the mixing chamber through the air ports 1l, produces a mixture of the proper richness. At such times, namely, when the mot rr is running at slow speed, the multiple jet tube A is inoperative because the-quantity of air that is .drawn down through the air pipe7 is not great enough to cause the liquid fuel to be sucked up into said iet tube,

this being due to the fact that the air ports ll establish direct communication between the mixing chamber and the atmosphere. When themotor exceeds this, speed,however, or when the suction in the mixing chamber exceeds a certain degree the quanti y of air that travels downwardly through the air pipe 7 becomes so great that the air in'the jet tube A will be thus produce a partial vacuum in said tube which causes the liquid fuel to be sucked up into same from the fuel duct 9. The fuel that rises in the iet tube A escapes laterally through the perfor-ations l0 therein in the form of a fine spray or plurality of jets which are vaporized or converted into a gas by the air that passes downwardly'through the air pipe 7 and into the mixing chamber.

As .the motor builds up speed the fuel rises higher in the jet-tube-A and thus'brings more of the ports 10 in said tube into service, thereby automatically increasing the supply of fuel as the suction in the mixing chamber increases, the fuel rising and falling in the jet tube A according to the intensucked out of same and sity of the suction in` the mixing chamber. The air valve 3 is so designed that it autoa mati'ca-lly increases or diminishes the supply of air to the mixing chamber as the speed of the motor increases or diminishes so as to cause the air supply to vary automatically as lthe supply of fuel varies and thus produce a 4uniform mixture. K l I A carbureter of the construction above described is economical in the consumption of fuel, owing to' the fact that the primary jet B supplies a comparatively small quantity of fuel to the mixing chamber when the motor is running at slow speed, and the multiple j et tube A supplies a greater quantity of fuel when the motor builds vup speed, the air ports 11, air pipe 7, and air valve 3 being-so designed that just thel proper proportion of airis supplied to the mixing chamber to produce a unifor mixture at different speeds .of the moto rI`he multiple jet tube A comes into service automatically as the speed of the motor increases or exceeds what is commonly termed slow speed, and as the level of the fuel in the jet tube A rises and falls as the suction in the mixing chamber varies, the`quantity of liquid fuel that escapes from said jet tube will vary automatically as the speed of the motor varies.

From the foregoing it will be seen that my improved carbureter not only produces ar uniform mixture at different speeds of the motor but itis also easy to start as a slight suction in the mixing chamber causes air to be drawn into Isame through the ports 11 which are soarranged relatively to the primary jet -B that a 'jet of fuel will be sucked up through said jet and into the path ofthe air which is traveling into the mixing chamber. The primary et B is mounted in such a 105 manner that it can be removed easily so that it is a very simple matter to clean the jet or substitute a jet having a different-sized opening.

The primary jet B and air ports 1'1, that 110 coperate with same could be arranged in various other ways than herein shown without-A departing from the spirit of my invention, and while I prefer to have the Aprimary jet B communicate with the fuel duct 9 that sup- 115 plies fuel to the multiple jet A, it will, of

course, be obvious that independent fuel ducts could be provided for supplying fuel to said primary jet andv multiple jet. Furthermore, my broad idea is not limited to a 120 carbureter having a primary jet that introduces fuel into a contracted portion of the mixing chamber for, if desired, the primary liet could he so arranged as to introduce fuel into some other portion of the mixing cham- 125 ber. While I have herein used the term slow speed to designate' speeds up.. to twenty miles an hour, I wish -it to be understood that this term is only used relatively as the operation of the carbureter will varyA V,cated portion which embraces the shaft 14,

and a screw 17 is mounted in said bifurcated portion so as to dr'aw the parts thereof together and thus securely clamp the arm 15 tod the rock shaft 14: Infview of the fact that it is necessary for the cont-rolling device or i mechanism and the throttle valve to be con- .nected together 1n such a manner that the valve is either wide open or closed when the controlling mechanism is in its extreme positions, it is desirable to provide some means for enabling the operator to adjust the throttle valve shaft 14 relatively to the ,arm 15 when the motor is running and thus set the throttle valve in its closed position when the throttle valve controlling mechanism is inonev of its extreme positions. The means herein shown for adjusting the throttle valve consists of an arm 18 that is detachably connected to the shaft 14 by means of a set screw or similar device 19, the arm 15 belng connected to the opposite end of said shaft.

To adjust the throttle valve, the operator first loosens the screw 17 and then sets the throttle valve controlling mechanism at its extreme position. He then grasps the handle 18 and turns the throttle valve 14 until the throttle valve reaches such a position that the motor stops, thus setting the throttle valve in such a position that the mixture cannot escape from the mixing chamber when the throttle valveA controlling mechanism is`in its extreme posit-ion, the screw 17 being thereafter tightened so as to securely clamp the operating-arm 15 to the -throttle valve shaft.

A valve 20 is arranged at the upper end of the .air pipe 7 for varying the quantity of air that enters said'pipe, and thus varying the height of the fuel in the jet tube. In the construction herein shown said valve is journaled in the upper end of the air pipe 7 and is provided with an'o'pening through which the multiple jet tube A passes, said `valve being'provided on. its under and upper sides with semi-circular-shaped pressed portions 20Et and 20h, respectively, that conform to the shape of the jet tube A and thus form a clearance for said tube when the valve is wide open. The valve 20 is carried by a rock shaft 21 which is provided with a handle 22, and some suitable means is provided for locking said shaft and valve in adj usted position, the means herein shown consisting of a screw 23 which forces a friction device 24' tightly against the shaft 21, as shown in Fig. 1.- While the valve 20 herein shown in itsclosedposition, it will,

of course, be understood that in practice said valve is adjusted so as to permit suilicient air to travel downwardly through the air pipe 7 at high speed to.produce a mixture of the proper richness.

The combination of an air pipe surroundthe type herein described for it' permits the supply of` fuel to be controlled accurately and easily. y lVhen the valve 20 at the upper end of the air pipe 7 is partly closed a certain suction in the 'mixing'.v chamber will raise the, fuel a certain height in the jet tube and when said valve is opened further the same suction in the mixing chamber will not raise the fuel in the jet tube to so great a height. Consequently, the valve 2O controls the height of the fuel in the jet-tube and overcomes the necessity of adjusting the air intake valve of the mixing chamber or substituting a jet tube provided with a different number of ports or openings each time the carbureter isinstalled.

As previously stated, the particular construction of the primary jet is immaterial so far as my broad idea is concerned, and in Figs. 7 and 8 I have illustrated a slightly modifiedform of my invention which embodies t'he same principles as the construction illustrated in Fig. 1. In the construc- -tion shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the multiple jet tube A is provided at-its lower end with'a hole 25 which constitutes a primary jet and also a plug 26 having a reduced portion which is of less'diameter than the interior of said jet tube A so as to form a passage- 'way' through which the liquid fuel can travel from the fuel duc-t 9 to the jet opening 25. The plug 26 is provided with a central bore 27 that establishes communication between the fuelvduct 9 and the jettube A so as to permit the fuel to pass up into said ljet tube when the motor exceeds a certain speed, as previouslydescribed. The air passageway -12'which supplies air to the primary jet 25 is provided in its top wall with a ringshaped slot 28 through which the air can escape instead of only two air ports 11, as shown in Fig. 1, and a circular flange 29 is arranged adjacent the primary jet 25 so as to form a baille which'causes the liquid fuel that emerges from the primary jet 25 to be spread in a thin film over the baille and over the outer'surface of the jet tube A. When themotorfis running below a certain speed 'a current of air will be 'drawn upwardly around the vlower end of the air pipe -7 through the ring-shaped air slot 28, and thisv current of air will suck the liquid fuel out of the primary j'et 25 in practically the same manner previously descrlbed in connectlonv the suiicient quantity of air will be drawn down through the air pipe 7 to create a partial of the vacuum inthe upper portion of the jet tube A, and when this condition exists the liquid fuel will be drawn up through the bore 27 in the plug into the jet tube and escape laterally through the perforations- 10 in said tube.

The primary jets in both forms of my invention are arranged far enough above the normal level of the fuel in the float chamber to prevent the liquid fuel from escaping from said jets when the motor `is not in operation but as soon as a slight suction is -created in the mixing chamber the current' of air that rushes upwardly through the air ports 11 in the form shownin Fig'. 1 and throughthe air slot 28 in the form shown in Figs. 7 and 8,*causes the liquid fuel to be sucked upwardly out of said primary jets.

While both forms of my invention are very e'iicient and 'produce excellent results, the form illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 effects a quicker and more complete vaporization fuel owing to the fact that the baie 29 spreads the fuel out into a thin lm which is directly exposed to a ring-shaped current of air which passes upwardly around the air pipe into the mixing chamber. A

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. A carbureter provided with a primary ,jet which supplies liquid fuelv at all speeds of the motor, a multiple jet which automatically supplies varying quantities of liquid' fuel when the motor is running above a certain speed, said vmultiple jet consisting ofa hollow tube provided with a number of small orifices, and means for creating apartial vacuum of varying intensity in the upper portion of-saidjtube when the motor is running above a/certain speed so as to cause liquid fuel to rise and fall in said tube and escape through the orifices therein.

`2. A carbureter provided vwith a primary '/jet for supplying fuel when the motor is running at slow speed, and a multiple jet which comes into service automatically and supplies varying quantities of fuel when the motor is running above a certain speed, said multiplejet consisting of a hollow perforated tube in which the liquid fuel rises and falls as the suction in the mixing chamber varies above a certain speed. f

3. A carbureter provided with a vertically disposed jet tube having a plurality of fine ports through which the'liquid fuel-escapes, the upper end of said tube being closed and the lower end ofsaid tube communicating with a supply of liquid fuel, and means separate and distinct fromthe fine jets in said tube for supplying fuel to the mixing chamber of thecarbureter.

4. ,A carbureter provided with a single primary jet, and a multiple jet which automatically supplies varying quantlties of fuel to the mixing chamber, sald multiple jet consisting of a lvertically disposed perforated tube that is arranged in such a manner that liquid fuel rises and falls in same automatically as the speed of the motor varies, when the motor is running above a certain speed.

5. A carbureter provided with a vertically disposed jet tube having its upper end closed and provided with perforations or ports arranged at different levels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the-lower end of said jet tube, means for creating a vacuum of varying intensity in the upper portion of said tube so as to cause the fuel to rise and fall therein, and means independent of said jet tube for supplying fuel to the mixing chamber of the carbureter.

6. A carbureter provided with a vertically' disposed jet tube whose upper end is closed and whose lower end communicates with a supply' of liquid fuel, said tube being prol vided with a plurality of-ine jets, an air pipe surrounding said jet tube and comj municating with the'mixingchamber ofthe carbureter, and a primary jet separate and distinct from the fine jets in said jet 4tube for supplying fuel vto the mixing chamber.

7. A carbureter provided with a jet tube having its upper end closed and its lower end communicating'with a supply of liquid fuel, said tube having a number of ports located at different levers, means for causing a current of air to pass downwardly adjacent said tube so as to create a partial vacuum therein and thus cause the fuel to rise autom'aticallyl in said tube and escape through the parts therein, and means separate and distinct from said jet tube for supplying fuel to the mixing chamber of the carbureter.

8. In a carbureter, a jet tube provided with ports arranged at different levels and having its lower end communicating with .a supply of liquid fuel, a member which surrounds said jet tube to form an air passageway,tvhe upper end of said member being of greater diameter than the lower end of same, a mixing chamber communicating with the lower end of saidv member, and a primary j3et for supplying fuel to said mixing chamer. 9. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed jet tube provided with a plurality of orifices or perforations and having its lower end communicating with a supply of liquid fuel, l

mary jet for causing the fuel .to emerge from same, the jet tube being so arranged ythat y fuel does not. escape ytherefrom when the motor is travclingjat a comparative slow c to said inixiii speed, 1

10. A carbureter providedwith a mixing chamber, a primary jet forsupplying fuel chamber, i means for causing a current of air to pass adjacent said jet and slick the fue] `out of same when a suction is created iu thev mixing chamber, a vertically disposed jettube provided with a plurality of ports and having its lower eiidcoiniiiunieating with a supply of'fuel, and an air pipe surrounding said jet tube and communicating with the mixing chamber.

11. vA carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, a'pi'imai'y jet that supplies fuel to said mixing chamber, an air supply p ort arranged adjacent saidA jet for establishing .communication between the mixingchaniber and the atmosphere, a multiple jet tube communicating with a supply .of fuel andprovided with a plurality of perforations arranged at different levels, andan air pipe surrounding said jet tube and communicating with the mixingv chamber.

12. In a carbureter, a mixing chamber, av primary jet for supplying fuel to said mixe' ing chamber, a plurality of air ports arranged on opposite sides of said primary jet for supplyingair to the mixing chamber, a multiple jet, and an air passageway surrounding said multiple jet and' communiv` eating ,with the mixing chamber.

13. A carbureter providedmith a mixing chamber, an .automatic airf' valve for ad- 'mitting air to said mixing chamber, a ver tically disposed jet tube communicating with a supply of liquid fuel and having its upper endfclosed, said tube being proVidedntermediatev its end with a plurality of ports """through". ,which the' fuel escapes, an air pipe surroundiiigisaid vertically'disposedfjetitube andgcom'iiiunicating with the -mixing lchamber, and a primary .jet for supplying fuelto the mixing chamber.

14. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber having a contracted portion, any

open-ended air pipe that projects .into the contracted portion of the mixing chamber and whose lowerend is spaced away from thewalls ofjsaid contractedy portion, a mul# tiple jet tube arranged in said air pipe, a primaryljet 'for introducing `fuel' into the contracted portion of ysaid mixing chamber, means forv supplying fuel to vsaid primary jet andqmultiple jettube, and air supply ports that admit air lto themixing chamber adjacent l said 'primaryjet 15. vA l carbureter .vided `with aJ mixing chamber having.'a' ,contracted. portion, 'an

open-ende`d air-pipe that .projects into; the' "I #jcontracted', portion* of "1 the .mixing chamber and whose lower endis'spaced away" from minates inside of the contracted `fuelffrom same and vaporize it. 19. A carbureter provided with a verti the'walls of said-.contracted portion, a multiple jet tube arranged insaid air pipe, a

primary jet for introducing fuel into the `contracted portion of said mixing chamber, means for supplying fuel to said primary jet and multiple jet tube, a plurality of` air ports that terminate adjacentsaid primary jet, and an air passageway for establishing communication between said ports and the atmosphere..

16. A carbureter having a mixing chamber that is'provided with a contracted por. tion, a throttle valve for controlling the passage of the mixture from said chamber, an

` air valve for supplying air to said chamber,

vox

maryl j et for supplying air to the mixing chamber.rv

17. InV a carbureter, `a mixing chamber having a contracted A,lower portion that is provided with a bottom, the upper portion or enlarged portion of said mixing `chamber ybeing formed 'in a casting that is detachably lconnected to the casting in which the coiitracted portion ofthe mixing chamber is formed, a primary jet removably mounted in the bottom of the contracted portion of the mixing chamber, an airport formed in thev bottom of the contracted portion ofthe mixing chamber adjacent said primary jet, and

a, multiple jet tubel projecting upwardly vfrom the bottom of the contracted portion vof said 'mixing chamber.

ioo

1 8. A carbureter provided with a verti. cally disposed multiple jet tube having lits upper end closed and its lower end communicating with a supply of liquid fuel, a primary jet at the lower end of said jet tube,

fand'means for causing air to travel downwardly around said jet tube and upwardlyy past said primary jet so as to suck the liquid cally disposedl hollow jet tube in which the liquid fuelrises and ,falls when the/motor..`

exceeds a certain speed, said tube'being provided with a number of small orifices through which the fuel escapes, an air pipe surroundingsaid -jet tube and communicating with'.l

the mixing chamber of the carbureter, the

' upper end ofs'aid'l tube being closed so that the air whichpasses down said air pipe will create a partialivacuum in the upper part of said `tube, andpafp'rimaryjet which supplies liquid fuel tof the` mixing chamber at all speeds of the motor.'

said j et tube passes,

' 20. A carbureter having a vertically disposed jet tube provided with ports arranged at different levels through which the vfuel canA escape,

means for supplying liquid fuel to the lower end of said jet tube, an open.- ended airpipe surrounding said jet tube and communicating at its lower end with mixing chamber of the carbureter so that the suction in said mixing chamber will cause air to rush down through said' air Apipe and thus create a partial vacuum in the upper part of the jet tube which causes the fuel to rise therein, and means for regulating and varying the quantity of air that enters the upper end ofsaid air pipe.

2l. A carbureter provided with a verti# cally disposed jet tube in whichthe liquid fuel' rises and falls,4 an air pipe surrounding said tube and communicating4 with the mixe ing chamber, a valve arranged in said pipe and having an opening through which said jet tube passes, said valve havi'ng 'bent portions that conform to the shape of said JetAv tube -s0 as-to provide a clearance for same i when the valve is wide open, a rock shaft the which carries said valve, and a device that` locks said shaft in adjusted position. I

23. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed jet tube having its lower end communicating with a supply7 of liquid fuel said tube being provided intermediate its ends with ports through which the fuel escapes, a tapered air pipe surrounding said tube and communicating with the mixing chamber of the carbureter so that the suction in the mixing chamber will cause air to be drawn down through said pipe, the upper eid ofsaid air pipe being of greater diameter than the lower end of same, and means for varying the quantity of air that enters the upper end of said air pipe. v I A '24. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed multiple tube having its lower end communicating with a supply of liquid fuel, a tapered air pipe surrounding said jet' tube* and having its lower contracted end communicating with the mixing chamber of the.

carbureter, and an adjustable baie at the upper end of said air pipe for varying the quantity of air thatenters said pipe and thus regulating tube'.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my the height of the fuel in the jet 'signature in the presence of twowitnes'ses,

this ninth day of April 1910.

WILLIAM C. CARTER.

Witnesses WELLS L. CHURCH, GEORGE BAKEWELL.

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