US1008360A - Hoisting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

A. B. NORRIS.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED OOT- 2, 1906.

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A. E. NORRIS.

HOISTING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED 0012. 1906.

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A. E. NORRIS.

HOISTING APPARATUS. 'APPLI'GATIOH FILED 001'; 2, 1906.

Patented NOV. '14, 191 1;

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ALMON E. NORRIS, 0F CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 2, 1906. Serial No. 337,048.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALMoN E. NORRIS, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Hoisting Apparatus, of which the-following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts. My invention relates to hoisting apparatus and consists more particularly in 1mprovements which add to the efficiency and economical operation as well as facilitating the control of such apparatus.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more par ticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,Figure 1 shows in side elevation a hoisting tower embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on an enlarged scale taken through the operating room of the tower and showing the controlling and operating devices therein; Fig. 3, is a side elevation of theparts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the traversing drum together with the brake scroll attached thereto; Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the same; Fig. 6 is a detail in pers ective showin the connections of the double acting bra e band; Fig. 7 shows a tower provided with a modified arrangement of controlling ropes; Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the in-haul block shown in Fig. 7. Fi 9 is a section in plan on the illustrated my invention as applied to a hoisting tower A carr ing the laterally extending boom B, which latter provides a track-way for the trolley carriage G, by which the hoisting element, here1n represented by the grab or bucket D is sustained.

While I have shown my invention as embodied in a hoisting apparatus of the tower type and employing instrumentalities herein specifically described, it is to be understood that the application of this invention is not limited to this particular type of hoisting apparatus, or to a hoistin apparatus embodying the elements which are here alone set forth, but that numerous other applications and embodiments of t lie herein described invention may be had.

Referring to the details of the illustrated apparatus, the bucket D, which may be of any usual construction, (for example that set forth in U. S. Patent No. 699,000 dated April 29, 1902) is provided w1th one or more operating ropes by which the bucla et may be raised or lowered and its jaws opened or closed. -In the present instance the operating ropes are two in number comprising a hoisting rope d by which tile bucket is raised or lowered and an opening or closing rope d by which the jaws are opened or closed. These ropes are passed upward over suitable uidesheaves 0 upon the trolley, thence obliquely upwardover the guide sheaves a near the top of tie tower, and thence downward to the operating room, where they pass over and about gagement w1th the central y located clutch member e (see broken away portion of clutch Fig. 2). The drum shaft is connected with and driven by a two cylinder horizontal engine, for which may be substituted any suitable motor.

Any suitable clutch-operating devices may be employed for the drums e, e and I have here indicated sliding collars e and clutch operating screws 6 of the type described in my prior patent Reissue No. 12,085 for for cr ing the drums either separately or together into clutching engagement with the shaft. For this purpose the clutch screws for the drum 6 are connected through suitableco :1-

nections to the operating rod 6", which is T r connected'to be advanced or retracted 1) tie overhead operating shaft 6. The clutc operating screws for the drum e are connected to the rod e which latter is connected to be moved through the operating sleeve e", jou r-.

naled for independent movement upon the operating shaft e The clutch-operating sleeve 6 carries the arm 6 to which is attached the link connection 6 the latter extending to the operating platform M, where it is attached to the hand lever m. The clutch operating shaft similarly has connection through the upright arm 6 and a connecting link 6 with the hand lever m at the operating platform. The hand levers m and m are pivotally mounted side by side so that through their manipulation the operator can readily control the clutching or unclutching of the rope-winding drums.

By the side of the hand lever m is a substantially horizontal foot lever n fulcrumed upon the same support with the hand lever m. This foot lever which is arranged to be conveniently operated by the tower operator is connected to a rope n which, passing upward and over suitable sheaves, leads across the tower, thence down to the arm n of the engine throttle valve. To the throttle valve arm is also connected the spring a tending normally to close said throttle. The throttle, however, may be readily opened to greater or less extent through the upward pull of the throttle rope n caused by downward pressure upon the foot treadle n.

Through control of the hand levers m, m and of the foot lever n, the tower operator can readily impart all the usual movements to the lifting and the opening and closing ro es of the bucket.

11 the present instance of the traversing movement of the trolley there is provided a traversing rope g. This is attached to the outer end of the trolley, (Fig. 1) whence it passes about a sheave g stationarily journaled near the end of the boom, thence in a reverse direction toward the tower and about a guiding sheave g mounted thereon, and thence downward over and about a suitable rope-winding element, herein comprising (Flgs. 2 and 3) the trolley traversing drum H, journaled upon the bed plate surmounting the engine frame. The end of the traversing rope g is secured to the drum H and when wound in upon the latter causes the outward travel of the trolley. When unwound from the drum the inward travel of the trolley follows through the pull of the bucket upon the operating ropes, which latter pass obliquely downward from the upper part of the tower and therefore exerting constantly upon the trolley carriage a horizontal pull tending to return the trolley from the outer or loaded position at the'extremity of the boom to the inner or discharge position. At the side of the drum and fixedly secured thereto (Figs. 2-6) is the brake drum J encircled by the hand brake j, through the control of which as will more fully appear the traversing drum may be held fixed to hold the trolley in a given po- 'a depending loop in which is cured to a fixed part of the tower.

sition or released to permit its travel in either direction at a controlled rate of speed.

At the side of the brake drum J and fixedly attached also to the traversing drum is a second rope-winding element K, which herein is in the form of a spiral scroll, about which is wound or partially wound the counter-weight rope is. The latter passes upwardly over and about supporting sheaves 7c, and thence downwardly to form carried the sheave 72 the latter sustaining the counter-weight W. The counter-weight receives its guidance for a vertical movement of considerable range from a portion of the framework of the tower. The end of the counterweight rope passes upward where it is sit:-

T e counter-weight rope is so connected to the scroll that it tends to turn the same and wind up the traversing rope about the drum to cause outward travel of the carriage. The counter-weight is preferably of sufliciently great mass to somewhat more than overcome the opposite pull of the empty bucket upon the trolley but insuflicient to overcome the pull of the loaded bucket, so that the empty bucket tends automatically to run out and the loaded bucket automatically to run in. The opposing pull exerted upon the trolley by the inclined operating ropes varies-according to the angular inclination of the ropes and this according to the position of the trolley, being greatest when the trolley is at its extreme outward position and least when at its extreme inward position. In order that the outward pull of the counterweight rope should vary in the same proportion as the inward pull of the operating 105 ropes is varied with change in position of the trolley, the pitch diameter of the scroll K is varied accordingly so that the counterweight rope passes oil from the scroll at the greatest pitch diameter in the extreme out- 110 ward position of the trolley and at its least, or a greatly decreased, pitch diameter in the extreme inward position of the trolley, thus providing for a leverage which decreases as the trolley moves inward and causes the 115 counter-weight to exert a traversing pull upon the trolley which varies with and in proportion to the variation in the opposite pull exerted by the operating ropes. 7

Control over the trolley is effected by 120 means of the brake band 7', by means of which the traversing drum can be held or released at will and the trolley held fixed in any desired position or allowed automatically to run in with the loaded bucket or run 125 out with the unloaded bucket.

I have here shown a brake construction of peculiar type which possesses, as I believe, mar ed points of novelty both in itself and in the combinations shown. In efi'ecting the. 130.

control of this brake I provide means for normally applying the brake to the brake drum and holding the winding drum fast through application of a constantly acting force which in the present instance consists of an adjustable weight. To release the drum, either wholly or partly, the operator merely raises the weight. Since it is desirable that the operator should have delicate and sensitive cont-r01 over the traversing drum, the weight or force acting to apply the brake should not be too great for him easily and readily to release it either partly or wholly, or else supplementary or intermediate power-actuated devices for raising the weight under the control of the operator must be used. Since the traversing drum must be held against movement in either direction the brake employed must be capable ofacting in either direction. In order that this may be eflectively accomplished with the application of a relatively slight constantly acting force which the operator can readily control without necessity of intermediate power actuated devices, I have here shown a double acting hand brake, constantly applied to oppose movement of the relieve the drum in either direction by means of a slightly weighted lever which may be easily and directly raised or lowered by the operator. Referring to Figs. 54, the brake band y comprises a pair of segmental sections of any suitable or usual construction adj ustabl united at the top of the drum by the thread ed bolt j. At their sides these sections are secured by linked connections to arms 7' which arms are sustained upon the frame and drum" from enforced contact with the brake band when the latter is freed from the drum. The lower free ends of the bands are connected to cross pins 7'", j, respectively, the ends of the cross pin 7' being secured to the pair of parallel outer tension bars 7' and the cross pin y" connected to the pair of compression bars j. The opposite ends of each air of bars are connected to a common pivot pin-j and to the latter is secured the weight J.-

Referring to Figs. 4 to 6, it will be seen that this constitutes a toggle connection for the ends of the band and when the pivot pin 7' is lowered by the weight J the tension bars and compression bars tend. to straight into a substantially parallel relation and draw the free ends of the bands toward each other to clasp the same about the drum. Immediately adjacent the pin j there is provided a fixed abutment comprising a pair of up right ears j formed in the supporting framework of the drum and adjacent but outside of the normal position of the pin 7", are a air of similar but oppositely opposed ears 5 These ears are so positioned apart as to leave suflicient clearance for an ample opening movement of the band. When the brake is applied, however, by the gravity-actuated depression of the pivot pin 7' the revolving drum withdraws one of the pins against its adjacent and fixed abutment. If the applied force tends to rotate the drumrighthandedly as viewed in Fig. 6, the pin 7* is drawn against the abutments j".v If lefthandedly the pin i isdrawn against the abutment-s j In other words, in whatever direction the drum tends to turn the pin attached to the then tight side of the'band is drawn against a fixed abutment and acts as an anchor for the tight side as well as a fulcrum about which the opposite free end of the band is drawn in through the toggle lever arrangement illustrated. The tight side of the band being thus anchored, a comparatively small weight is required to apply the brake. This raised or lowered and the brake controlled directly from the foot lever j (Fi 2 and 3) at the operators stand, the said oot lever being connected to an overhead rope 7' which passing over suitable sheaves leads down to the operating weight J, as shown in Fig. 5. It will be seen that, with this construction, the traversing drum and the trolley are locked or fixed in position except when the operator presses upon the foot lever j Starting with the loaded bucket, the operatorcauses the elevation of the latter in the usual way through control of the hand levers m, .m and the throttle foot lever In the course of elevation he presses the foot lever j causing the loaded bucket automatically to run in while being elevated. \Vhen the bucket is moved to this inward position the jaws are caused to open and dump the load, whereupon the empty bucket starts immediately to run out. The'o erator by control of the foot lever j is ena led to position the trolley at any point along the boom or control the speed of its travel either inward or outward.

It may sometimes happen that to obtain the desired difference between the pull of the counter-weight rope at the outer position of the trolley and its pull at the inward position, a scroll of very large and undesirable size may be required. Under such circumstances I may employ a scroll of quite ordinary dimensions and of sulficient diameter to cause the inward movement of thetrolley part way only along the boom, the inward trolley movement being completed through assistance of one or moreof the operating ropes. For example, referring to Figs. 710, I have shown a modified form of the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1. In addition to the outward traversing rope similar to permits the weight to be that shown in Fig. 1, there is also employed to the tower, where it is secured to an inhaul winding drum 0'. Attached to the drum 0 is a smaller drum 0 about which is wound the in-haul rope 0 The latter passes up and over the guiding sheave o and thence downward to the sliding in-haul block 0 to which it is fixedly secured. The block 0 is slidably mounted in guide-ways P fastened ,to the super-structure of the tower. This block carries a foot 0 (Fig. 10) in which is adapted to slide a rope-guiding sleeve 0 This sleeve is encircled and sustained by the compression spring 0 Through this sleeve passes the hoisting rope d, which, however, at some point above the in-haul block is provided with a stop'o". In the present instance it may be assumed that for some reason, such as inadequate dimen sions of the scroll, the bucket cannot be drawn inwardly beyond a certain point, which, for exam le, may be assumed to be just beyond that indicated in Fig. 7 When this occurs the stop 0 is caused to engage with the upper end of the rope-guiding sleeve 0 and thereby depress the in-haul block drawing down the haul rope and causing the complete inward traverse of the trolley. The spring 0 provides an effective cushioning device between the stop 0 and in-haul block, permitting the sleeve 0 to de press more or less before the block moves.

While'I have shown and described one form of my invention, it is to be understood that the same is not limited to the details of parts here shown, or to the specific application of the invention described, but that extensive modifications therefrom may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims:

1. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a boom, a trolley and a suspended bucket, operating ropes leading from the tower obliquely to the trolley, a traversing rope having one end connected to the trolley to draw the latter toward the end of the boom, a traversing drum to which the opposite end of the traversing rope is connected, a counter-weight rope connected to turn said drum, and a double acting brake for controlling the said drum, comprising a band having free ends, means for drawing the free ends relatively toward one another and a fixed abutment or abutments against which either end is drawn to a fixed anchorage by the draft of the drum.

2. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a trackway connected therewith, a trolley adapted to travel along the same, a hoisting element suspended from the trolley, operating ropes leading from the hoisting element to the trolley and thence obliquely to the tower, a traversing rope connected to the trolley to exert a pull upon the same in a direction opposed to the pull of the operating ropes, a rope-winding drum to which said traversing rope is connected, a counterweight connected to the drum to cause the winding in of said rope, said counter-weight exerting a pull upon said rope varying with the angle of inclination of the operating ropes and proportioned to overcome the opposing pull of the operating ropes upon the unloaded bucket but insuflicient to overcome their pull upon the loaded bucket, and a double acting brake for holding or releasing said drum at will.

3. A hoisting apparatus having a trolley, a hoisting element, such as a bucket, suspended thereby, means automatically to cause the trolley to run in one direction with the loaded bucket and in an opposite direction with the unloaded bucket, and a double acting brake for controlling said trolley.

4. A hoisting apparatus having a trolley, a hoisting element, such as a bucket, suspended thereby, means automatically to cause the trolley to run in one direction with the loaded bucket and in an opposite direction with the unloaded bucket, a double acting brake for controlling said trolley, and means to cause thenormal application of said brake.

5. A hoisting apparatus having a trolley,

a. traversing rope, a drum to which the rope is connected, a band brake for controlling said drum, said brake including a band adapted to be tightened or loosened at will, and means automatically to anchor the tight end of said band irrespective of the direction of rotation of the drum.

6. A hoisting apparatus having a trolley, a hoisting element such as a bucket suspended thereby, one or more operating ropes leading from the bucket to the trolley and thence to suitable hoisting apparatus, but exerting a pull upon the trolley in one direction, a traversing rope connected to pull the trolley in the opposite direction, a ropewinding drum connected to control said traversing rope, a brake connected to hold or release said rope-winding drum, aweighted operating lever for holding said brake applied, and a controlling lever for the operator connected directly to said wei hted operating lever for raising said weight.

7 A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a boom, a trolley thereon, a traversing cable, a rope-winding drum for said traversing cable, a counter-weight connected to cause the winding in of said drum, a double acting brake for controlling the movement of said drum comprising a band having free ends, means for drawing the free ends relatively toward one another and a fixed abutment or abutments against which either end is drawn to a fixed anchorage'by the draft of the drum.

8. A hoisting apparatus having a trolley, a trackway along which the same is adapted to' travel, a traversing cable, a rope-winding drum, a counter-weig t connected to cause the winding in of sai drum, a double acting brake. for said drum, and a weighted lever for normally applying said brake.

9. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a boom,a trolley, a traversing cable, a rope winding drum for said traversing cable, a counterweight to cause the winding in of said drum and a double-acting brake for controlling the movement of said drum, said brake comprising a band having ends adapted to be drawn either one to a fixed anchorage through the draft of the drum and toggle means for drawing the remaining and toward the anchored end of the band.

10. A hoisting machine having a trolley, a traversing rope, a drum to which the rope is connected, a brake normally applied to said drum and an operators lever connected to said brake.

11. A hoisting apparatus having the bucket D the trolleyic, the scroll K, winding drum H and the automatic brake, j.

12. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a trackway connected therewith, a trolley adapted to travel along the same, a clam shell bucket suspended from the trolley, operating ropes leading from the bucket to the trolley and thence obliquely to the tower, a traversing rope for the trolley, a rope winding drum to which said traversing rope is zonnected, means for turning the drum, and a brake to control the drum, the latter comprising a band having free ends, toggle sonnections for drawing the free ends relatively toward each other and a fixed abutment or abutments for anchoring either of said free ends according to'the direction of rotation of the drum.

y 13. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a trackway connected therewith, a trolley adapted to travel along the same, a clam shell bucket suspended from the trolley, operating ropes leading from the bucketto the trolley and thence obliquely to the tower, a traversing rope for the trolley, a rope winding drum to which said traversing rope is aonnected, means for turning the drum, and a brake to control the drum, the latter comprising a band having free ends, toggle connections joining the free ends whereby the latter may be drawn together, and an abutment for each end against which it is drawn to a fixed anchorage by the draft of the drum, the abutment for the anchored end of the band serving as a fulcrum about which the free end thereof is drawn by the zoggle connections.

14. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, i trackway connected therewith, a trolley adapted to travel along the same, a clam ihell bucket suspended from the trolley, oparating ropes leading from the bucket to the trolley and thence obliquely to the tower, a

traversing rope for the trolley, a rope winding drum to which said traversing rope is connected, means for turning the drum, and a brake to control the drum, the latter comprising a brake band, a tension rod connected with one end of the brake band, a compression rod connected to the opposite end, and means for swinging said rods toward parallelism.

15. A hoisting apparatus having a tower, a trackway connected therewith, a trolley adapted to travel along the same, a clam shell bucket suspended from the trolley, op erating ropes leading from the bucket to the trolley and thence obliquely to the tower, a traversing rope for the trolley, a rope winding drum to which said traversing rope is connected, means for turning the drum, and a brake to control the drum, the latter comprising a band having free ends, a cross pin to which each end is connected, a bar to which each pin is jointed, said bars being pivoted together to constitute a toggle connection whereby movement of the pivot serves to draw the ends of the band together, an abutment for each cross pin against which it is drawn to a fixed anchorage by the draft of the drum, said pin and brake band being movable from the abutment in the opposite direction and the abutment for the anchored end of the band serving as a fulcrum about which the free end of the band is drawn by the toggle connections.

16. In a hoisting apparatus for hoisting and conveying materials, the combination with a bucket, a trolley, a controlling rope or cable, a rope winding drum, means for turning the rope winding drum to control the said rope and a brake for controlling the said drum comprising a band having free ends, toggle connections for drawing the free ends relatively toward each other and a fixed abutment or abutments for an;

choring either of said free ends according to the direction of rotation of the drum.

17. In a hoisting apparatus for hoisting and conveying materials, the combination with a bucket, a trolley, a controlling rope or cable, a rope winding drum, means for turning the rope winding drum to control the said rope, and a brake for controlling the said drum comprising a band having free ends, toggle connections joining the free ends whereby the latter may be drawn together, and an abutment for each end against which it is drawn to a fixed anchorage by the draft of the drum, the abutment for the anchored end of the band serving as a fulcrum about which the free end thereof is drawn by the toggle connections.

18. In a hoisting apparatus for hoisting and conveying materials, the combination with a bucket, a trolley, a controlling rope or cable, a rope winding drum, means for turnin the rope winding drum to control the said rope, and a brake for controlling the said drum comprising a brake band, a tension rod connected with one end of the brake band, a compression rod connected to the opposite end, and means for swinging said rods toward parallelism.

19. In a hoisting apparatus for hoisting and conveying materials, the combination with a bucket, a trolley, a controlling rope or cable, a rope winding drum, means for turnin the rope windin drum to control the said rope, and a bra e for controlling the said drum comprising a band having free ends, a cross pin to which each end is connected, a bar to which each pin is jointed, said bars being pivoted together to constitute a toggle connection whereby movement Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing thev Commissioner 0t Patents,

' of the pivot serves to draw the ends of the band together, an abutment for each cross pin against which it is drawn to a fixed anchorage by the draft of the drum, said pin and brake band being movable from the abutment in the opposite direction and the T abutment for the anchored end of the band ALMON E. NORRIS.

Witnesses:

THOMAS B. BOOTH, ROBERT H. KAMMLER.

Washington, D. G."

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