US1006344A - Printing-telegraph. - Google Patents

Printing-telegraph. Download PDF

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US1006344A
US1006344A US40222407A US1907402224A US1006344A US 1006344 A US1006344 A US 1006344A US 40222407 A US40222407 A US 40222407A US 1907402224 A US1907402224 A US 1907402224A US 1006344 A US1006344 A US 1006344A
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circuit
lever
armature
key
magnet
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US40222407A
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Manuel S Ayau
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L17/00—Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving codes wherein each character is represented by the same number of equal-length code elements, e.g. Baudot code
    • H04L17/16—Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end
    • H04L17/18—Code selection mechanisms

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  • This invention relates to an improved system of connecting and operating typewriting mechanism on an electrical circuit between a station at one end of a mainline or circuit, and one or more stations on the circuit; also to electro-mechanical apparatus of novel construction operating to typewrite or permanently record at the sendingstation simultaneously with the transmission, the words or matter being transmitted, and to reproduce the same matter in typewritten form at the receiving-station.
  • the invention has for its objects to operate type-writing mechanism on an electrical circuit between transmitting and receiving stations over a single main-line or circuit; to reduce the number of conductors between the stations or apparatus to a sinized relays; and to enable words and other matter to be transmitted, and also to be recorded by the instruments or apparatus at a station, whether the same be operating at the time as a transmitting apparatus, or as a receiving apparatus.
  • the improved system of my invention comprises a keyboard-operated transmitting-mechanism at one end of an electrical circuit, including means for sending over the line by the single stroke or depression of a key a predetermined number of electrical impulses individual to that key, but of a relatively low potentiality, followed by a single impulse of a higher potentiality; and combined therewith a recording-apparatus at the receiving-end of the circuit, consisting principally of electrically-actuated type-writing mechanism in which the actuating-means of each type-bar is normally in open circuit with a local battery through circuit-closing devices individual to that type-bar and to none other, and so arranged as to be selected and put in operation to set up a circuit through the battery and the type-bar operating mechanism by a fixed, and definite number of electrical impulses that are transmitted by the operation of the particular key corresponding to the letter or character to be written.
  • the weaker impulses sent over the line act through the selecting-devices to set up for operation the local circuit which is individual to the actuating-mechanism of the particular type-bar to be operated; and by the stronger impulse following the successive selecting-impulses the type-bar at the receiving-station is actuated electrically, with the result to imprint or write the letter or character upon the paper in the writingmechanism, in the usual manner.
  • each key actuates circuit-closing devices individual to itself and of such character or arrangement that every key in the keyboard will act to send over the line a predetermined number of electrical impulses peculiar to that key, followed by an impulse of higher potentiality, by a single stroke or depression of the key.
  • the mechanism at the sending-station for sending a definite number of electrical impulses over the line by the single depression or stroke of a letter or character-key, and the mechanism at the receiving-station through which such impulses are caused to select the corresponding type-bar actuating means and to operate the type-bar, constitute the principal features of the apparatus.
  • the means whereby the paper-carriage or platen of the type-writing mechanism is controlled and moved from the sending-station to properly space the words and the lines of the written matter at the receivingstation are reserved for a separate application for Letters Patent.
  • riage or holder is actuated to space the wordsand lines by means of a given number of electrical impulses produced at the sending-station and transmitted over the line by operating a key in the sending key-board.
  • Figure 1 is a plan or top-view of the keyboard type-writing mechanism and circuitclosing devices at the sending station; the same also corresponding to, and being a duplicate of the mechanism at the receivingstation, and constituting a receiving, as well Parts of the stationary-frame and themovable mechanism and devices in this figure are broken away to show more clearly the construction of inside parts.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through Fig. 1, showing both the means employed to actuate the type-bars electrcally from another station on the line, and also the circuit-closing devices that are brought in play and operated by a particular key in the keyboard to transmit a given number of successive electrical impulses of the same potentiality, followed by a single impulse of a higher potentiality, by a single stroke of the key.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan or topview of a portion of the transmitting apparatus provided at every station, and connected with the key-board; the same being a topview of the last four circuitclosing electro-magnets and their armatures and cir cuit-closing contacts in,the series.
  • Fig 4 is a Vertical section taken transversely through Fig. 3 on a line 00w.
  • Fig. 5 is a frontelevation, taken from the left side of Fig. 3, but showing an additional one of the series of electro-magnets, armatures and circuitclosing contacts.
  • Fig. 6 is a rear-elevation of the same, taken from the right side of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a plan or top-view of the circuit-selecting apparatus situated at the receiving-end of the line at every station,
  • Fig. 8 is a front-elevation of Fig. 7, showing one tier or row of electro-magnets and their armatures and the circuitclosing contacts associated therewith.
  • Fig. 9 is a verticalsection, taken transversely through Fig. 7 on the line yy. Figs.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams representing the general arrangement of the transmitting and the receiving apparatus at two separate stations in circuit through a line-wire and an earth-return; and showing diagrammatically the local circuits and sources of current and the type-bar actuating-means of a single letter or character key and type-bar.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic representation of the local circuits and circuit-closing devices of the last three electro magnets in the transmitting apparatus provided at every station.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram in perspective of the local circuits and circuit-closing devices associated with six of the series of electro-magnets and their armatures in the circuit-selecting means at the receiving-end of the line.
  • the key-lever a of each type-bar b in a type-writing ma chine of well-known construction, such as an Oliver type-writer, on being pressed by the finger operates in a single stroke to throw in circuit with a local battery, as E, the coils of a group or set of electro-magnets in successive order and in such manner that a succession of electrical impulses of uniform duration and quality and of an, invariable and definite number for each particular key are caused to pass out over the main-line W to a corresponding type-writing mechanism at the receiving-end of the line, through circuit closing devices oper ated by the magnets.
  • Such impulses herein termed the selecting-impulses, acting upon a circuit-selecting means at thereceiving-station have the effect to bring in circuit with, or connect into, the main-line V a key-operating means, such as a solenoid 8 and its core z, wit-h which each key in the key-board is provided; and by the same stroke of the key, but following the successive weaker impulses, a single impulse of a higher potentiality from a battery F is caused to pass out over the line, and through the solenoid-circuit already set up by the selecting-mechanism before mentioned.
  • a key-operating means such as a solenoid 8 and its core z, wit-h which each key in the key-board is provided
  • the final circuit thus completed brings in operation a local battery G, thev current from which operates the type-bar at that end of the line on the completion of the stroke of the sending key at the opposite end.
  • the two operations of selecting the operating circuit of the type-bar in the mechanism at the receiving-station corresponding to the key that is struck at the sending-station, and of actuating the selected type-bar are carried on and effected over a single line-wire or conductor by currents of one direction and without synchronized instruments.
  • both the mechanically-operated means and the electrically-operated means, and the circuits by and through which a key in the transmitting keyboard is caused to operate the proper type-bar in the writing-mechanism at the receiving-end of the line are the same in the case of every letter or character represented in the keyboard by a key, and in the type-writing mechanism by a type-bar; so that the description of the construction and operation of the means and circuits through the medium of which one letter or character is transmitted, and is written or reproduced at the distant station is the same as, and will apply to, every other letter or character.
  • the description of one key-operated means and devices herein given will therefore apply to all the remaining keys and writingmechanism and their actuating means.
  • each key-lever in the key-board of a typewriter of any well known construction are arranged two circuit closing contacts 2-3 of a local circuit in which are included the coils of a given number of electro-magnets each of whichwhen energized operates to attract the front end of an armature lever lying over the pole of the magnet.
  • the magnet On drawing down that end of the armature the magnet when energized by current from a local battery E, operates to elevate the rear end of the lever and thereby complete a circuit through another battery E from the transmitting apparatus to the line wires leading out from the station.
  • Each key-lever is connected in the manner described with or into a certain magnet in the row or series M M etc. at a greater or less distance from the last magnet M, according to the particular letter or character in the key-board that the lever is adapted to print when depressed, and each key lever thus embraces in the particular circuit it controls, or is appropriated to, a fixed and definite number of magnets in the series M, M M and so on.
  • the last magnet M in the serles w1ll close the clrcuit on the outgoing line and throw upon it a current of sufficient intensity to actuate circuit closing means in the apparatus in the receiving station at the other end of the line and thereby actuate the printing or writing mechanism in the apparatus provided at that end, following the electrical impulses which every other magnet in the series as selected and actuated may send out over the line.
  • the number of magnets that are associated and arranged with each particular key-lever to be set in operation by it are determined by the number of impulses that are required to actuate the circuit selecting means for the mechanism of the correspond ing key at the receiving station.
  • the particular number of magnets appropriated to the key-lever of any letter or character always includes the magnet M, which must be the last one in the series to be energized, because it controls the battery E from which an impulse of sufficient potential is sent out over the line to actuate the corresponding type-bar in the printing mechanism at the other end.
  • each magnet in the series M, M and so on is arranged an armature lever T, T T and so on, pivotally supported at 191 and having a contact-piece on its front lying over but normally out of contact with, two upright pins which at the magnet M are represented by the pins 1S20.
  • armature lever T, T T and so on pivotally supported at 191 and having a contact-piece on its front lying over but normally out of contact with, two upright pins which at the magnet M are represented by the pins 1S20.
  • the pins 1S20 Standing over the front end of the lever T and connected metallically by it when the mag net is inactive are similar pins 21-23 which, like the pins 1820 beneath, are members of circuits that are opened or closed at those points according as the lever T is at rest or out of action, or is attracted and drawn down by the magnet.
  • the lever T is similarly arranged to make contact with one or the other set of contact-pins 3032, 3335, according as that end of the lever is depressed or is elevated. then in normal position, or with no current passing through the coils of the magnet M, the lever T at the front end is in contact with the pins 2123 and completes a circuit between them, but is out of contact with the pins l8.20 beneath the lever. At the rear end the lever T will connect the pins 30 32, but will stand clear of the pins 3385 above.
  • the armature-lever of every other magnet in the series M, M M and so on operates in the same manner to control the four separate circuits that include as members the upper and lower sets of pins between which the front end of such lever is situated, and the corresponding upper and lower sets of pins at the rear "end of the lever.
  • Each of these armature-levers is balanced and adjusted for limited vibratory movements between the pins before described by means of an adjustable stop-screw 190 over the front end of the lever, and a coiled spring arranged to bear upon the lever on the opposite side of the pivot 191.
  • each letter or char acter is represented by a group of magnets each of which when energized has the effect to transmit one electrical impulse, and no more, over the line to the opposite station; and these impulses-herein termed selecting impulsesare always in number the same for any given key-lever in the transmitting key-board, so that by one depression of the key-lever the required number of electrical impulses will be transmitted to the opposite station, always corresponding to the number of magnets composing the group that is combined with that particular key in which is always included the last magnet M in the series.
  • the selective impulses thus transmitted by any group of circuit closing levers and their magnets in the series M, M M M
  • the circuit depended for its completion on the number of impulses received from the sending end includes the type-bar actuating means of the corresponding letter or character in the typewriter at that station.
  • the corresponding number of magnets brought into play operate to complete the required letteror character-forming circuit to or with the line between the two stations, at the moment that the magnet M situated next to the last magnet M acts on its armature lever, so that the following impulse from the battery E which is transmitted by the opera tion of the magnet M, and is of suflicient greater intensity than the selecting impulses preceding it, operates to actuate corresponding circuit closing means at the receiving station through which an actuating current will be thrown on the type-bar operating mechanism from a local battery.
  • a two circuit-closing contacts 2-3 are brought together and a circuit is completed through the coil of the first one of a group of electromagnets, composed of the lastmagnet M in the series, and as many of the preceding magnets in the same series as the fixed number of electrical impulses to be sent over the main-line may require.
  • the group of electro-magnets at the sendingstation individual to the key D such as represented in Fig. 12, will be composed of the last magnet M, and the preceding magnets M M in the series.
  • the magnet M being the last in the group belonging to the letter D receives current from the local battery E at the instant that the armature-lever T is attracted to the con tact-pins 1820 beneath its front end.
  • the three armature-levers T T T are set in operation in this manner by direct current impulses from the battery E at the instant of closing the contacts 23 at the key-lever, and three successive impulses are thereupon transmitted over the main-line W, followed by a single impulse of greater potentiality from the battery E, by the successive movements of the armature-levers.
  • Each key in the keyboard is connected in this manner into the coil of the first magnet of its individual group, whatever the number of magnets may be, and
  • the magnet M by which the final impulse of stronger quality is transmitted is always the last magnet of the group.
  • each one of the magnets in the transmitting apparatus controls through its armature-lever four separate circuits, or connections, by the movement of the armature-lever between separate sets of contact pins, arranged in two groups respectively over and under the front end, and over and under the rear end of the lever.
  • the pins in both groups are so placed that with no current in the coil of the magnet its armature-lever will be elevated at the front-end and will rest against the contact-pins of the upper set, but will be out of contact with those beneath; but at the rear end the lever will rest against the lower set of contactpins, and will be normally out of contact with those composing the upper set.
  • Each magnet in its turn is thus separately connected to a set of contacts beneath a key, in order that it may constitute the first one in a given group and be energized directly by the stroke of its key in the keyboard.
  • the coil M is connected through conductors 8 and 37 into the contact-pin 17 in the upper set 1719 standing over the armature T of the second magnet M in the group, and the remaining pin 19 of that set is connected by a conductor 38 directly to one of a series of binding-posts p, from which a conductor 39, common to them all, runs to one pole of the battery E.
  • the coils of all the magnets in the group M, M M are in connection with one pole of the battery E before current passes through the first coil M but as the remaining side of the coil M the first in the group of the three magnets M M M, is in connection with the opposite pole of the battery E through the conductors 8 l5 in which are interposed the contacts 23, the coil M will receive current only at the moment that the circuit is closed at 23, the contacts under the key a to which the group of magnets belongs.
  • the key-lever a closes a circuit from the battery E at the contacts 2-3 over the conductors 5 and 8 through the coil M and over the conductors 8- 37, to the contact-pin 17 in the upper set 1719 of armature T of the second magnet M and thence by the contact-pin 19 and conductors 3839 to the pole of the battery E, and finally through the battery and over the conductor 4 to the contact 2; the front-end of the second armature T at that moment being in contact with the pins 1719.
  • Magnetic M being energized, draws its armature T away from its upper contact-pins 1719, thus opening the circuit through magnet M and releasing the armature T which thereupon rises at the front end and drops at the rear end.
  • armature T being attracted by its coil M" connects together the lower set of pins 14.-16, with the result to bring in circuit with battery E the coil of the last magnet M. That coil receiving current, at-
  • the armaturelevers being attracted and released at the front end in successive order as their magnets are energized and denergized one after another in the above manner, transmit the proper number of electrical impulses over the line W to operate the type-bar at the opposite end of the main-circuit.
  • the transmission of these line-impulses in the successive rise and drop of the armatures T T T in every operation of the group will be seen to take place from the movements of the armatures as follows :-At the instant that the first armature T is thrown against its contact-pins -27, it completes a circuit from one side of the battery F,
  • each armature-lever T will open the circuit previi in contact-that armature still being at reston the pins,-and thence by the connection 52 and pins 31-29 and connection 47 to conductor 46, and so out to the line W.
  • each armature-lever in its turn closes the battery F upon the main-line going out from the station; and that while one armature forms a part of the circuit when in a state of rest, the required impulse is transmitted by the movement of the armature-lever behind or to the right; the result of which arrangement is that each armature when attracted by its magnet, also cuts out the previously energized magnet in-the group.
  • armature T when at rest forms a member of the circuit that includes the coil of the magnet M, because it connects together the contact-pins 17-19. Then, as armature T is attracted by its magnet M it leaves the contact-pins 17 -19, and the circuit through the coil of the magnet M is opened at 17-19. In that movement of the armature T also, a battery-circuit is closed through the coil of the next magnet M at the moment the armature touches the contact-pins 14-16, and armature T is drawn down against the contacts 18-20, cutting out the coil of the magnet M by opening its circuit at 2l-23.
  • the coils of the last magnet M are connected in circuit with one side of the battery E at the moment that the armature lever T is attracted to its magnet, at which moment the contact-pins 14-16 being connected by the lever complete the circuit through the contact-pin 16 to one end of the coil M; and the opposite end of the coil being connected to the last binding post m at that end of the frame by the conductor 8, the conductor 39 running from the binding post to the remaining side of the battery E completes the circuit through the last coil M.
  • the final operation of sending current to the line from battery E is completed when the armature-lever T, being attracted to the poles of the magnet beneath it, connects together the lower set of contact pins 18-20 at the front end and the upper set 33-25 at the rear.
  • the current from battery E augmenting that from battery F supplies the necessary strength of current for the final impulse that follows the series of circuit-selecting impulses from the battery F; and by this stronger impulse the selected type-bar at the receiving-station is operated.
  • every magnet-coil is separately connected with one side of the battery E through circuits that are normally open at contacts as 2-3, under a letter-key; so that while each magnet may constitute in turn the first or leading one in a series of magnets which are associated with a particular key, every magnet with its armature and contact-pins also composes one member or unit in several other series, according to its position in the whole number or series.
  • magnet M the magnet M?
  • Magnet M which would be magnet M if it were shown in the diagram Fig. 12. Magnet M then would receive current from battery E through the circuit controlled by magnet M and its associated armature, in the same manner as the other intermediate coils.
  • the means situated at the receiving-end of the line through which the impulses from the sending-station operate to select the circuit of a particular letter-forming means and to actuate the same consist of a series of circuit-controlling armatures, contacts and magnets, similar in arrangement and oper ation to those in the transmitting apparatus, with the exception, chiefly, that each armature lever in the series U, U U and so on when attracted to its magnet remains down, instead of being immediately released after its attraction.
  • each type-bar is individually connected by one end of its coil into one pole of battery G by a line of conductors 112114t-116, normally broken at contact-pins 1OS110, which are connected together by the contact of a cir cuit-closing armature I with the ends of those pins, as often as that armature is attracted to the poles of the electro-magnet H in the main-line.
  • each solenoid-coil is connectable into the opposite pole of battery Gr through separate circuitforming conductors and connections, in which one particular armature-lever of the series U constitutes the controlling-member, and which by its movement as attracted and held down by its own coil in the series N, completes the remaining side of the particular operating circuit that brings in the solenoid and battery G.
  • the means through which the incoming impulses are caused to select and connect in circuit with battery Ur the operating solenoid of a particular typebar in the writing-mechanism, according to the number of transmitted impulses, will be described with reference to the diagram, Fig.
  • the first pin of each series that designated 59 for the lever U, and that 69 for the lever U carries a contact spring which is adapted to extend over and be engaged by one of the movable pins of the series to the right when such pins are elevated by the attraction of the armature lever by its electro-magnet.
  • the pin of the first series, that of the lever U when lifted engages with the spring (37, which constitutes a bridge between the pins 65 and 69, for a purpose which will be presently described.
  • the particular type-bar ZJX indi cated in that diagram being considered for purpose of illustration as the one that is actuated by three impulses from transmitting means similar to those illustrated in Fig.
  • the solenoid s and its core 6 connected to the keylever a cause the type-bar b" to imprint the letter D, as often as current is passed through coil 8 from the local battery G.
  • the second solenoid 8 indicated in the diagram is part of the actuatinganeans of another type-bar in the writing mechanism, not shown in the diagram.
  • Solenoid s is connected to one side of the battery G by conductors 116-114112. Leading from the opposite end of its coil the conductor 118 terminates at the contactpin 89 standing above the armature-lever U and from that point connection with the remaining side of the battery G is completed through the contactspring 87 on the head of the pin 89 and the pin 85. The break in the circuit at these contacts 89 and 85 will be closed, and the solenoid receive current as often as the contact-pin 85 being lifted by armature-lever U touches the contact-spring 87 carried by pin 89.
  • Lever U thus controls the particular solenoid s that has for one of its circuit-closing contacts the pin 85 over the rear end of lever U and for its other contact the pin 89 over the rear end of the adjoining lever U
  • the result of this arrangement is that it requires two weaker impulses to bring into play and energize the magnets N, N and a stronger impulse to energize the magnet N to draw down in succession their armatures U, U and U
  • the circuit thus completed at the moment that lever U touches the contact-pins 8589, is the one that includes the coil of the solenoid .9. But until the preceding levers U and U are attracted and held down by their magnets N, N the third lever U will not come in play. Two weaker impulses are thus necessary to select and set the lever U for operating the solenoid 8.
  • the battery Gr included in this local circuit is arranged to supply current of the required potentiality to actuate the type-bar operating means which are connected in such local circuit through the circuit selecting devices which are actuated by the weaker impulses preceding the last and stronger impulse, as I will now proceed to explain :
  • the first incoming impulse passing through the coils of the magnet H and over the conductor 177 and connections 13% to the contact pin 60 in the set under the armature lever U reaches the coils of the first magnet in the series N, N N and so on, through the contact-pin 62 of the pins 60-62 on which the armaturelever is normally resting.
  • coil N draws the front end of lever U down against the two contact-pins 84, 86, and also raises the rear end ofi the contacts 6062, and at the same moment presses it against the contactpins 59, 61, 63, 65, the effect of which is to raise and hold up those four pins in their guides.
  • contacts ef are so arranged in the holding-down circuit that the circuit remains closed at that point, and current is maintained on the magnet-coils until after the typebar has operated; but as soon as its letter or character is written and the spacing-mechanism comes into action to move the paper for the next letter, the lever cZ is moved in the return of the key-lever to position, and contacts ef are caused to separate and thereby momentarily open the holding-down circuit at that point, but are brought together again as the spacing mechanism comes to rest.
  • the last-mentioned circuit therefor remains closed at the point ef, except in each movement of the spacing-mechanism, when it is opened for a sufiicient interval to throw ofi' the coils of all the levers previously selected and set by the stroke of the key that was last struck in the transmitting key-board.
  • the coil N is out ofi from the main-line as the lever U leaves the contacts 6062, and connection is set up between the line and the next coil N at the moment that the lever touches the pins 6163.
  • the second coil being then connected with the line 177 through pins 61, 63 and the connection I 131 and the pins 6466 already connected together by the lever U the second impulse passes over the circuit thereby set up, and over the wire 142 from the pin 66 to one end of the coil, and is completed from the other end of the coil to the return side of the main-circuit over the connection 121 and the conductor 182 to earth at g.
  • the lever U responds to the first incoming impulse it cuts off its own actuating coil from the line and connects it in circuit with the holding-down battery F at the same instant that it sets up connection between one side of the next coil N and the main-line; whereupon the second incoming impulse reaching the second coil N over the circuit 177, 61, 63, 131, 64, 66, 142, and thence to the return-conductor 182 and to the earth at g, puts current on the coil N with the effect to draw down the armature-lever U That movement of the second armature-lever thereupon cuts out its coil N and throws it in circuit with the holding-down battery F at the same time connecting the coil N into the main-line connection 177.
  • the actuating circuit of the third coil N will be traced from the line 177 through the second and third pins 7173 standing above the second lever U to the conductor 133, thence to the pins 687O under the third lever U and the conductor 144 to the coil N.
  • every armature-lever at the time of its attraction is not only held down as long as the holding-down circuit remains closed at the points e-f in the type-writing mechanism, but it also sets up a condition between the solenoid-coil s and its local actuating battery, whereby the coil will receive current and the type-bar will be operated at the instant that the solenoid-circuit is closed at the contacts 108110.
  • the number of weaker impulses as transmitted by a given key determine the number of armature-levers that must be operated in order to select and set up the required solenoid circuit for actuating the proper type-bar; and the last stronger impulse of the series operating directly on the coil of the magnet H closes the local circuit of the selected solenoid.
  • Every solenoid in the type-writing mechanism there is associated a particular armature-lever, which at the time of its attraction puts its solenoid in condition to 'receive current from the local battery G. But every armature-lever, at the time of its attraction also connects the actuating-means of the next armature-lever to the left into the main-line ready to be acted on by the following impulse.
  • the impulse be a stronger impulse, it will act directly on the coil of the magnet H, and by closing the local battery-circuit at 108110, will actuate the selected solenoid; or, if the following impulse be also a weaker, and not a stronger impulse than the preceding one, the coil H will not be energized, the contacts 108-11O will not be closed at that moment, and the coil of the next armaturelever being acted on by such weaker impulse will be energized, thereby bringing a different solenoid in circuit to be operated by the next impulse if that impulse should be of the required strength to energize the magnet H in the main-line.
  • the holding-down circuit is automatically opened at the points e--f, and all the coils in the series N that had previously been brought in play, are immediately deprived of current.
  • the armature-levers that were acted on by the selected coils there-upon return to position ready to respond to the next series of in-coming impulses.
  • the receiving apparatus as thus constructed to attain the desired object of selecting and operating a type-writing mechanism by means of electrical impulses transmitted over a single main-line or circuit by a single stroke of a transmitting key, as many circuit-selecting levers and their associated contacts are provided as there are type-bars or partsin the type-writing mechanism to be actuated. It will be seen further, that the position in the series of circuit-selecting levers of the particular lever to be actuated in order to oper ate a given type-bar or part, governs and determines the number of impulses to be transmitted to the receiving apparatus from the transmitting key-board at the opposite end of the circuit.
  • the herein described system of operating type-writing mechanism on a single main-line circuit consisting in a transmitting key-board at one station containing a separate key for each letter or character provided in the type-writing mechanism at another station on the line; means operating through the single stroke of a key to send out on the line a fixed number of relatively weak electrical impulses, the number of which is always individual to that key, followed by a final electrical impulse of greater strength than the initial impulses; in combination with type-bar actuating means in the writing-mechanism at the receiving-end of the line including electrically actuated means for operating each type-bar, in normally open circuit with a local battery, circuit-selecting means actuated by the relatively weak initial impulses for putting in operative condition with the local battery the electrically-actuated means of a particular type-bar according to the number of such initial impulses transmitted on the line by the stroke of the selected key, and means actuated by the final stronger impulse operating to close the local battery in the selected
  • a key-operated circuit making and breaking device adapted to send over the line from a transmitting station a fixed number of relatively weak impulses individual to the key, followed by a final impulse of greater strength than the preceding impulses;
  • a type-bar operating mechanism at the receiving-station in the line including a solenoid adapted to respond only to the fixed number of weak impulses transmitted over the line by operating the associated key in the key-actuated means at the other station on the line, said circuit-selecting means operating under the series of weak impulses to connect its solenoid incircuit with one side of the solenoid-operating battery, and means operated by the final stronger impulse on the line for completing the selected solenoid-circuit.

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Description

M. S. AYAU. PRINTING TELEGRAPH. APPLICATION I'ILBD'NOV.14, 1907.
1,006, 344 Patented Ot. 17, 1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 1.
1 BY his ATTORNEY uaumuu PLANomeAPn cu. wAsllmo'rnN. IL c.
M. s. AYAU.
PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION FILED NOV.14, 1907.
Patented Oct. 17,1911.
10 BHEBTB-SHEET 2- BY hM ATTORNEY M. S. AYAU.
PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION FILED NOV.14, 1907.
Patented Oct. 17,1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 3.
EZL'IIIIIIIL WITNESSES:
ATTORNEY BY his M. S. AYAU. 'PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
, urmouxon rum) NOV.14, 1907.
Patented Oct. 17, 1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 4.
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11% Q1 IQ u in 41 51 291 5131 11 5 W/TNEFIE'S COLUMBIA PLANOGRAIH filo-,WASHINUTON. D. c.
M. S, AYAU. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION rum) NOV. 14, 1907.
Patented Oct. 17, 1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 5.
COLUMIIA PLANOGRAPH CO" WASHINGTON. U. C.
M. S. AYAU.
PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14, 1907.
I 1,006,344, Patentedv Oct. 17, 1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.
M. S. AYAU. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14,1907. 1,006,344. Patented Oct. 17,1911.
1U SHEETS-SHEET 7.
M. S. AYAU. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
" Patentd' Oct. 17,1911.
10 SHEETS-$15531? 8.
' INVENTOR J'h eZJ'JJ u,
M. S. AYAU. PRINTING TELEGRAPH. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14, 1907.
1,006,344. Patented Oct. 17,1911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 9.
Half-1 WITNESSES: IIVI/E'NT'OAG MW 777% zm w' v W I? TTOR/VEX COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cu.,wAsmNa'roN. h t.
M. S. AYAU.
PRINTING TELEGRAPH.
APPLICATION FILED 1101 .14, 1907.
1,006,344. Patented 001711731911.
10 SHEETS-SHEET 10.
WITNESSES lA/l/BVWR W W BY MANUEL S. AYAU, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Oct. 1'7, 1911.
Application filed November 14, 1907. Serial No. 402,224.
York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Printing-Telegraph, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improved system of connecting and operating typewriting mechanism on an electrical circuit between a station at one end of a mainline or circuit, and one or more stations on the circuit; also to electro-mechanical apparatus of novel construction operating to typewrite or permanently record at the sendingstation simultaneously with the transmission, the words or matter being transmitted, and to reproduce the same matter in typewritten form at the receiving-station.
The invention has for its objects to operate type-writing mechanism on an electrical circuit between transmitting and receiving stations over a single main-line or circuit; to reduce the number of conductors between the stations or apparatus to a sinized relays; and to enable words and other matter to be transmitted, and also to be recorded by the instruments or apparatus at a station, whether the same be operating at the time as a transmitting apparatus, or as a receiving apparatus.
To these ends and objects, chiefly, the improved system of my invention comprises a keyboard-operated transmitting-mechanism at one end of an electrical circuit, including means for sending over the line by the single stroke or depression of a key a predetermined number of electrical impulses individual to that key, but of a relatively low potentiality, followed by a single impulse of a higher potentiality; and combined therewith a recording-apparatus at the receiving-end of the circuit, consisting principally of electrically-actuated type-writing mechanism in which the actuating-means of each type-bar is normally in open circuit with a local battery through circuit-closing devices individual to that type-bar and to none other, and so arranged as to be selected and put in operation to set up a circuit through the battery and the type-bar operating mechanism by a fixed, and definite number of electrical impulses that are transmitted by the operation of the particular key corresponding to the letter or character to be written. By the definite number of electrical impulses transmitted by a particular key on the key-board at the sendingstation the weaker impulses sent over the line act through the selecting-devices to set up for operation the local circuit which is individual to the actuating-mechanism of the particular type-bar to be operated; and by the stronger impulse following the successive selecting-impulses the type-bar at the receiving-station is actuated electrically, with the result to imprint or write the letter or character upon the paper in the writingmechanism, in the usual manner. In addition to its function of operating the type- Writing mechanism with which it is connected, each key actuates circuit-closing devices individual to itself and of such character or arrangement that every key in the keyboard will act to send over the line a predetermined number of electrical impulses peculiar to that key, followed by an impulse of higher potentiality, by a single stroke or depression of the key.
" The mechanism at the sending-station for sending a definite number of electrical impulses over the line by the single depression or stroke of a letter or character-key, and the mechanism at the receiving-station through which such impulses are caused to select the corresponding type-bar actuating means and to operate the type-bar, constitute the principal features of the apparatus. The means whereby the paper-carriage or platen of the type-writing mechanism is controlled and moved from the sending-station to properly space the words and the lines of the written matter at the receivingstation are reserved for a separate application for Letters Patent. It will be evident, however, to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates, and particularly to those familiar with the construction of electrically-operated type-writing machines, that the paper on which the matter is written by the type-bars at the receiving-station may be controlled over the same circuit by employing any of the well-known spacingdevices or mechanism of electrical typewriting machines, wherein the paper-caras a sending apparatus.
riage or holder is actuated to space the wordsand lines by means of a given number of electrical impulses produced at the sending-station and transmitted over the line by operating a key in the sending key-board.
The aforesaid objects are attained and my said invention is produced and carried out by means of the mechanism, apparatus and electrical circuits described and set forth in the following specification, in which the accompanying drawings illustrating the electrical circuits and the transmitting-ap paratus and the receiving-apparatus of my invention are referred to by figures and letters.
Figure 1 is a plan or top-view of the keyboard type-writing mechanism and circuitclosing devices at the sending station; the same also corresponding to, and being a duplicate of the mechanism at the receivingstation, and constituting a receiving, as well Parts of the stationary-frame and themovable mechanism and devices in this figure are broken away to show more clearly the construction of inside parts. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through Fig. 1, showing both the means employed to actuate the type-bars electrcally from another station on the line, and also the circuit-closing devices that are brought in play and operated by a particular key in the keyboard to transmit a given number of successive electrical impulses of the same potentiality, followed by a single impulse of a higher potentiality, by a single stroke of the key. Fig. 3 is a plan or topview of a portion of the transmitting apparatus provided at every station, and connected with the key-board; the same being a topview of the last four circuitclosing electro-magnets and their armatures and cir cuit-closing contacts in,the series. Fig 4 is a Vertical section taken transversely through Fig. 3 on a line 00w. Fig. 5 is a frontelevation, taken from the left side of Fig. 3, but showing an additional one of the series of electro-magnets, armatures and circuitclosing contacts. Fig. 6 is a rear-elevation of the same, taken from the right side of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a plan or top-view of the circuit-selecting apparatus situated at the receiving-end of the line at every station,
and through which the electrical impulses sent over the line from the sending-station are caused to operate the type-bar mechanism of a particular letter or character, according to the number of impulses transmitted at any one time by the single stroke of the key at the sending-station. Fig. 8 is a front-elevation of Fig. 7, showing one tier or row of electro-magnets and their armatures and the circuitclosing contacts associated therewith. Fig. 9 is a verticalsection, taken transversely through Fig. 7 on the line yy. Figs. 10 and 11 are diagrams representing the general arrangement of the transmitting and the receiving apparatus at two separate stations in circuit through a line-wire and an earth-return; and showing diagrammatically the local circuits and sources of current and the type-bar actuating-means of a single letter or character key and type-bar. Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic representation of the local circuits and circuit-closing devices of the last three electro magnets in the transmitting apparatus provided at every station. Fig. 13 is a diagram in perspective of the local circuits and circuit-closing devices associated with six of the series of electro-magnets and their armatures in the circuit-selecting means at the receiving-end of the line.
According to this invention the key-lever a of each type-bar b in a type-writing ma chine of well-known construction, such as an Oliver type-writer, on being pressed by the finger, operates in a single stroke to throw in circuit with a local battery, as E, the coils of a group or set of electro-magnets in successive order and in such manner that a succession of electrical impulses of uniform duration and quality and of an, invariable and definite number for each particular key are caused to pass out over the main-line W to a corresponding type-writing mechanism at the receiving-end of the line, through circuit closing devices oper ated by the magnets. Such impulses, herein termed the selecting-impulses, acting upon a circuit-selecting means at thereceiving-station have the effect to bring in circuit with, or connect into, the main-line V a key-operating means, such as a solenoid 8 and its core z, wit-h which each key in the key-board is provided; and by the same stroke of the key, but following the successive weaker impulses, a single impulse of a higher potentiality from a battery F is caused to pass out over the line, and through the solenoid-circuit already set up by the selecting-mechanism before mentioned. The final circuit thus completed brings in operation a local battery G, thev current from which operates the type-bar at that end of the line on the completion of the stroke of the sending key at the opposite end. Thus by the usual movement of any key in the keyboard in writing a letter or character, the two operations of selecting the operating circuit of the type-bar in the mechanism at the receiving-station corresponding to the key that is struck at the sending-station, and of actuating the selected type-bar, are carried on and effected over a single line-wire or conductor by currents of one direction and without synchronized instruments. These operations of selecting and setting up the actuating-circuit of a particular typebar operating mechanism through the medium of initial series of impulses of a relatively low potentiality and a following single impulse of a higher potentiality in the case of every key in the transmitting mechanism, are effected by the transmitting-apparatus of my invention illustrated in Figs. 3, 4L, 5 and 6, and the similar receiving-apparatus illustrated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, with which every station on the main-circuit is provided, for operating the same at will to transmit, or to receive and record, words and matter in type-written form. The construction and operation of these two sets of apparatus will be described hereinafter with reference to their operating circuits illustrated in the diagrams Figs. 12 and 13.
In the following description it should be understood that both the mechanically-operated means and the electrically-operated means, and the circuits by and through which a key in the transmitting keyboard is caused to operate the proper type-bar in the writing-mechanism at the receiving-end of the line, are the same in the case of every letter or character represented in the keyboard by a key, and in the type-writing mechanism by a type-bar; so that the description of the construction and operation of the means and circuits through the medium of which one letter or character is transmitted, and is written or reproduced at the distant station is the same as, and will apply to, every other letter or character. The description of one key-operated means and devices herein given will therefore apply to all the remaining keys and writingmechanism and their actuating means.
With each key-lever in the key-board of a typewriter of any well known construction are arranged two circuit closing contacts 2-3 of a local circuit in which are included the coils of a given number of electro-magnets each of whichwhen energized operates to attract the front end of an armature lever lying over the pole of the magnet. On drawing down that end of the armature the magnet when energized by current from a local battery E, operates to elevate the rear end of the lever and thereby complete a circuit through another battery E from the transmitting apparatus to the line wires leading out from the station.
Each key-lever is connected in the manner described with or into a certain magnet in the row or series M M etc. at a greater or less distance from the last magnet M, according to the particular letter or character in the key-board that the lever is adapted to print when depressed, and each key lever thus embraces in the particular circuit it controls, or is appropriated to, a fixed and definite number of magnets in the series M, M M and so on. According to the principle on which these circuit controlling magnets are arranged and connected, the last magnet M in the serles w1ll close the clrcuit on the outgoing line and throw upon it a current of sufficient intensity to actuate circuit closing means in the apparatus in the receiving station at the other end of the line and thereby actuate the printing or writing mechanism in the apparatus provided at that end, following the electrical impulses which every other magnet in the series as selected and actuated may send out over the line.
The number of magnets that are associated and arranged with each particular key-lever to be set in operation by it are determined by the number of impulses that are required to actuate the circuit selecting means for the mechanism of the correspond ing key at the receiving station. In every case, however, the particular number of magnets appropriated to the key-lever of any letter or character always includes the magnet M, which must be the last one in the series to be energized, because it controls the battery E from which an impulse of sufficient potential is sent out over the line to actuate the corresponding type-bar in the printing mechanism at the other end.
WVith each magnet in the series M, M and so on, is arranged an armature lever T, T T and so on, pivotally supported at 191 and having a contact-piece on its front lying over but normally out of contact with, two upright pins which at the magnet M are represented by the pins 1S20. Standing over the front end of the lever T and connected metallically by it when the mag net is inactive are similar pins 21-23 which, like the pins 1820 beneath, are members of circuits that are opened or closed at those points according as the lever T is at rest or out of action, or is attracted and drawn down by the magnet. At the rear or opposite end the lever T is similarly arranged to make contact with one or the other set of contact-pins 3032, 3335, according as that end of the lever is depressed or is elevated. then in normal position, or with no current passing through the coils of the magnet M, the lever T at the front end is in contact with the pins 2123 and completes a circuit between them, but is out of contact with the pins l8.20 beneath the lever. At the rear end the lever T will connect the pins 30 32, but will stand clear of the pins 3385 above.
The armature-lever of every other magnet in the series M, M M and so on, operates in the same manner to control the four separate circuits that include as members the upper and lower sets of pins between which the front end of such lever is situated, and the corresponding upper and lower sets of pins at the rear "end of the lever. Each of these armature-levers is balanced and adjusted for limited vibratory movements between the pins before described by means of an adjustable stop-screw 190 over the front end of the lever, and a coiled spring arranged to bear upon the lever on the opposite side of the pivot 191.
Instead of bein rigidly fixed in their supporting bars all the contact-pins are loosely fitted in sockets for limited vertical play, and are maintained in working position with suflicient play or yielding movement to take the impact of the lever against the end of the pin, by placing a coiled spring 192 on each pin between its carrying bar on the frame and a collar 198 on the pin. This particular construction and arrangement of the contact pins and the armature lever is shown in the detail Fig. 4. A closecontact and intermediate metallic connection is by this means always secured between the armature levers and the contact pins, both when the lever is at rest on one set of pins and also when it is brought in contact with the other set of pins when attracted by its magnet. According to this plan of combining with the key-lever of each letter or character in the key-board of the typewriter a particular number of electro-magnets in the series ll, M and so on, each letter or char acter is represented by a group of magnets each of which when energized has the effect to transmit one electrical impulse, and no more, over the line to the opposite station; and these impulses-herein termed selecting impulsesare always in number the same for any given key-lever in the transmitting key-board, so that by one depression of the key-lever the required number of electrical impulses will be transmitted to the opposite station, always corresponding to the number of magnets composing the group that is combined with that particular key in which is always included the last magnet M in the series. The selective impulses thus transmitted by any group of circuit closing levers and their magnets in the series M, M M
and so on, actuate corresponding circuit se-,
lecting means in the receiving mechanism at the opposite end; and, as arranged in that part of the apparatus, the circuit depended for its completion on the number of impulses received from the sending end includes the type-bar actuating means of the corresponding letter or character in the typewriter at that station. Upon receiving the number of impulses transmitted from the sending station, therefore, the corresponding number of magnets brought into play operate to complete the required letteror character-forming circuit to or with the line between the two stations, at the moment that the magnet M situated next to the last magnet M acts on its armature lever, so that the following impulse from the battery E which is transmitted by the opera tion of the magnet M, and is of suflicient greater intensity than the selecting impulses preceding it, operates to actuate corresponding circuit closing means at the receiving station through which an actuating current will be thrown on the type-bar operating mechanism from a local battery.
In the down-stroke of the key-lever a two circuit-closing contacts 2-3 are brought together and a circuit is completed through the coil of the first one of a group of electromagnets, composed of the lastmagnet M in the series, and as many of the preceding magnets in the same series as the fixed number of electrical impulses to be sent over the main-line may require. As, for illustration, in the case of the letter D where two relatively weak impulses, followed by a single stronger impulse may be required to operate the corresponding type-bar b in the mechanism at the receiving-station, the group of electro-magnets at the sendingstation individual to the key D such as represented in Fig. 12, will be composed of the last magnet M, and the preceding magnets M M in the series. By the movement of the armature-levers T T and T of these magnets, following one another in rapid succession, circuits are successively closed and opened by the momentarycontact of the rear ends of the armature-levers with sets of contact-pins 2527, 2931, 33 35, situated above them; which contact pins are, as has already been described, loosely supported so as to be free to slide in their supports, and are also spring-held, so that the contacts engaged by one armature lever may be made before those engaged by another are broken, and through these pins and other circuit-controlling pins closed by the same armature-levers circuits are completed and an electrical impulse is sent out on the line WV from the battery F, as often. as the rear end of each lever in turn rises and touches the contact-pins above it. The magnet M, being the last in the group belonging to the letter D receives current from the local battery E at the instant that the armature-lever T is attracted to the con tact-pins 1820 beneath its front end. The three armature-levers T T T are set in operation in this manner by direct current impulses from the battery E at the instant of closing the contacts 23 at the key-lever, and three successive impulses are thereupon transmitted over the main-line W, followed by a single impulse of greater potentiality from the battery E, by the successive movements of the armature-levers. By increasing the number of magnets and armaturelevers in the group, three, four, or more relatively weak impulses and a final impulse of a stronger quality will be transmitted. Each key in the keyboard is connected in this manner into the coil of the first magnet of its individual group, whatever the number of magnets may be, and
the magnet M by which the final impulse of stronger quality is transmitted is always the last magnet of the group.
Referring to Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6, and particularly to the diagram Fig. 12, it will be seen that each one of the magnets in the transmitting apparatus controls through its armature-lever four separate circuits, or connections, by the movement of the armature-lever between separate sets of contact pins, arranged in two groups respectively over and under the front end, and over and under the rear end of the lever. The pins in both groups are so placed that with no current in the coil of the magnet its armature-lever will be elevated at the front-end and will rest against the contact-pins of the upper set, but will be out of contact with those beneath; but at the rear end the lever will rest against the lower set of contactpins, and will be normally out of contact with those composing the upper set. In diagram Fig. 12 illustrating the relative position and arrangement of the last three elect-ro-magnets and' their armatures and contact-pins in the series composing the transmitting apparatus for a given letter, as D, it will be seen that one end of the coil of the magnet M is connected with the contact 3 under the key-lever a through the conductors 5 and 8 and that, in like manner, the corresponding ends of the coils of the remaining magnets are connected to bindingposts m, from which conductors 6 and 7 are carried to the keyboard to connect with the circuit-closing contacts at other keys in the keyboard. Each magnet in its turn is thus separately connected to a set of contacts beneath a key, in order that it may constitute the first one in a given group and be energized directly by the stroke of its key in the keyboard. The coil M is connected through conductors 8 and 37 into the contact-pin 17 in the upper set 1719 standing over the armature T of the second magnet M in the group, and the remaining pin 19 of that set is connected by a conductor 38 directly to one of a series of binding-posts p, from which a conductor 39, common to them all, runs to one pole of the battery E. By similar arrangement and connection of all the contact-pins composing the front-sets 10-12, 14:16, and those 17192123 above the armature-levers T T and T, as shown in the diagram Fig. 12, the coils of all the magnets in the group M, M M are in connection with one pole of the battery E before current passes through the first coil M but as the remaining side of the coil M the first in the group of the three magnets M M M, is in connection with the opposite pole of the battery E through the conductors 8 l5 in which are interposed the contacts 23, the coil M will receive current only at the moment that the circuit is closed at 23, the contacts under the key a to which the group of magnets belongs.
A description of the operation of the group of three magnets M M M and armature-levers T T T associated with the key a (illustrated in Figs. 2, 10 and 12) will make the arrangement of the parts and their functions more clearly understood; and the description will apply, also, to a group or number of armature-levers and the circuit-closing contacts associated with them containing either a greater or a smaller number of magnets and armaturelevers. On being depressed, the key-lever a closes a circuit from the battery E at the contacts 2-3 over the conductors 5 and 8 through the coil M and over the conductors 8- 37, to the contact-pin 17 in the upper set 1719 of armature T of the second magnet M and thence by the contact-pin 19 and conductors 3839 to the pole of the battery E, and finally through the battery and over the conductor 4 to the contact 2; the front-end of the second armature T at that moment being in contact with the pins 1719. The coil of magnet M receiving current from battery E attracts the armature T and drawing down the front-end of that part against the pins 10-12 immediately sets up a circuit through the coil of the second magnet M which will be traced as follows :From one pole of the battery E over conductors 5o60-8 to contactpin 10, thence by the remaining pin 12 of that set and the connections 8 and 8 to one end of the coil of magnet M and through that coil and over the conductors 8 and 40 to the pin 21 of the two contacts 2123 composing the upper set over the frontend. of armature T; and finally by the conductors 4C1 and 39 to opposite pole of battery E. ,Magnet M being energized, draws its armature T away from its upper contact-pins 1719, thus opening the circuit through magnet M and releasing the armature T which thereupon rises at the front end and drops at the rear end. At the same time, armature T being attracted by its coil M" connects together the lower set of pins 14.-16, with the result to bring in circuit with battery E the coil of the last magnet M. That coil receiving current, at-
tracts its armature T and opens the local circuit through the coil of the preceding magnet M at the instant that the armature T leaves the upper set of pins 21-23 at the front end, and also connects together in circuit the pins 18-2O under the front end of the armature. But while each armature, as it is drawn down by its magnet, acts to open the circuit through the magnet of the preceding armature in the group, it also operates to alternately close and open the main-line circuit by the movement of its rear end between the two sets of contactpins through which connection is alternately set up and broken between the bat-' tery F and the main-line. The armaturelevers being attracted and released at the front end in successive order as their magnets are energized and denergized one after another in the above manner, transmit the proper number of electrical impulses over the line W to operate the type-bar at the opposite end of the main-circuit. The transmission of these line-impulses in the successive rise and drop of the armatures T T T in every operation of the group will be seen to take place from the movements of the armatures as follows :-At the instant that the first armature T is thrown against its contact-pins -27, it completes a circuit from one side of the battery F,
\ over conductors 42, 43 to contact-pin 28 under the rear end of the next armature T and as the rear end of that armature-lever is resting at the time on the lower contact-- pins 26-28 the circuit is carried through those contacts last-mentioned, and from pin 26 through the connection 51 to the contactpin 27 of the upper set 25-27 standing over the armature-lever T and hence by the connections 45 and 46 out to the line W. But armature-lever T being released at the moment that its magnet M is cut out bythe drop of the second armature T will; return to position on its lower pins 22 and 24, and opening the circuit at 25-27 will. operate to transmit only a single impulse to the line IV by the rise and fall of its rear end. For, immediately on being raised from the contact-pins 26-28, the next armature-lever T will open the circuit previi in contact-that armature still being at reston the pins,-and thence by the connection 52 and pins 31-29 and connection 47 to conductor 46, and so out to the line W. In this operation it will be seen that each armature-lever in its turn closes the battery F upon the main-line going out from the station; and that while one armature forms a part of the circuit when in a state of rest, the required impulse is transmitted by the movement of the armature-lever behind or to the right; the result of which arrangement is that each armature when attracted by its magnet, also cuts out the previously energized magnet in-the group. Thus, for example, armature T when at rest forms a member of the circuit that includes the coil of the magnet M, because it connects together the contact-pins 17-19. Then, as armature T is attracted by its magnet M it leaves the contact-pins 17 -19, and the circuit through the coil of the magnet M is opened at 17-19. In that movement of the armature T also, a battery-circuit is closed through the coil of the next magnet M at the moment the armature touches the contact-pins 14-16, and armature T is drawn down against the contacts 18-20, cutting out the coil of the magnet M by opening its circuit at 2l-23. The coils of the last magnet M are connected in circuit with one side of the battery E at the moment that the armature lever T is attracted to its magnet, at which moment the contact-pins 14-16 being connected by the lever complete the circuit through the contact-pin 16 to one end of the coil M; and the opposite end of the coil being connected to the last binding post m at that end of the frame by the conductor 8, the conductor 39 running from the binding post to the remaining side of the battery E completes the circuit through the last coil M. The final operation of sending current to the line from battery E is completed when the armature-lever T, being attracted to the poles of the magnet beneath it, connects together the lower set of contact pins 18-20 at the front end and the upper set 33-25 at the rear. The current from battery E augmenting that from battery F, supplies the necessary strength of current for the final impulse that follows the series of circuit-selecting impulses from the battery F; and by this stronger impulse the selected type-bar at the receiving-station is operated.
In the above described manner every magnet-coil is separately connected with one side of the battery E through circuits that are normally open at contacts as 2-3, under a letter-key; so that while each magnet may constitute in turn the first or leading one in a series of magnets which are associated with a particular key, every magnet with its armature and contact-pins also composes one member or unit in several other series, according to its position in the whole number or series. As, for example, magnet M? becomes the leading-coil in the series composed of magnets M M M, when the particular key with which it is associated is depressed to type-write the letter at the receiving-end corresponding to the particular key struck in the transmitting key-board; but it also forms an intermediate coil in other series, as for example, when the magnet M is made the second unit in another group by the addition of the next magnet to the right,
which would be magnet M if it were shown in the diagram Fig. 12. Magnet M then would receive current from battery E through the circuit controlled by magnet M and its associated armature, in the same manner as the other intermediate coils.
The means situated at the receiving-end of the line through which the impulses from the sending-station operate to select the circuit of a particular letter-forming means and to actuate the same, consist of a series of circuit-controlling armatures, contacts and magnets, similar in arrangement and oper ation to those in the transmitting apparatus, with the exception, chiefly, that each armature lever in the series U, U U and so on when attracted to its magnet remains down, instead of being immediately released after its attraction. In that position it is retained by its magnet, with the efiect both to connect the local operating circuit of a given letter-actuating mechanism with the mainline, and also to connect the coil of the next magnet in the series in circuit with the main-line in such manner that each incoming impulse of relatively low potentiality after the first impulse, will bring in action and set an additional circuit-completing armature, until the number of armatures attracted and held down shall equal the number of such selecting-impulses; after which, the final impulse of relatively high potentiality completes the operation of throwing current from the local battery G on the solenoid-coil of the selected type-bar through the circuit completed by the last armature in the group.
The electro-magnet or solenoid of each type-bar is individually connected by one end of its coil into one pole of battery G by a line of conductors 112114t-116, normally broken at contact-pins 1OS110, which are connected together by the contact of a cir cuit-closing armature I with the ends of those pins, as often as that armature is attracted to the poles of the electro-magnet H in the main-line. The remaining end of each solenoid-coil is connectable into the opposite pole of battery Gr through separate circuitforming conductors and connections, in which one particular armature-lever of the series U constitutes the controlling-member, and which by its movement as attracted and held down by its own coil in the series N, completes the remaining side of the particular operating circuit that brings in the solenoid and battery G. The means through which the incoming impulses are caused to select and connect in circuit with battery Ur the operating solenoid of a particular typebar in the writing-mechanism, according to the number of transmitted impulses, will be described with reference to the diagram, Fig. 13, in which are illustrated six sets of electro-magnets N to N inclusive; the arma ture levers U to U"', inclusive, associated with them, together with the operating-circuit of one solenoid and its type-bar. With each of the electro-magnets in the series N is associated an armature lever of a series U, which levers are preferably pivotally supported upon a common shaft 191. These levers carry at their front ends, that is, the ends nearest their electro-magnets, contact pieces adapted, when the armatures carried by the levers are attracted, to make engagement with spring-held contact pins arranged in pairs so that each lever when attracted electrically connects two of them, these contacts being designated in Figs. 13,84,86,88,90,92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104 and 106. The front ends of these levers of the series U carry contact plates each adapted to engage with a pair of contacts below and with four contacts above, the lower contacts for the lever U being designated 60 and 62, and the upper contacts designated 59, 61, 63 and 65, see Figs. 7, 8 and 13. These pins are spring held and yielding so as to have a limited amount of movement in their guides, as is represented in Fig. 9. The first pin of each series, that designated 59 for the lever U, and that 69 for the lever U carries a contact spring which is adapted to extend over and be engaged by one of the movable pins of the series to the right when such pins are elevated by the attraction of the armature lever by its electro-magnet. Thus the pin of the first series, that of the lever U, when lifted engages with the spring (37, which constitutes a bridge between the pins 65 and 69, for a purpose which will be presently described. The particular type-bar ZJX indi cated in that diagram being considered for purpose of illustration as the one that is actuated by three impulses from transmitting means similar to those illustrated in Fig. 12, it should be understood that the solenoid s and its core 6 connected to the keylever a cause the type-bar b" to imprint the letter D, as often as current is passed through coil 8 from the local battery G. The second solenoid 8 indicated in the diagram is part of the actuatinganeans of another type-bar in the writing mechanism, not shown in the diagram.
Solenoid s is connected to one side of the battery G by conductors 116-114112. Leading from the opposite end of its coil the conductor 118 terminates at the contactpin 89 standing above the armature-lever U and from that point connection with the remaining side of the battery G is completed through the contactspring 87 on the head of the pin 89 and the pin 85. The break in the circuit at these contacts 89 and 85 will be closed, and the solenoid receive current as often as the contact-pin 85 being lifted by armature-lever U touches the contact-spring 87 carried by pin 89. Lever U thus controls the particular solenoid s that has for one of its circuit-closing contacts the pin 85 over the rear end of lever U and for its other contact the pin 89 over the rear end of the adjoining lever U The result of this arrangement is that it requires two weaker impulses to bring into play and energize the magnets N, N and a stronger impulse to energize the magnet N to draw down in succession their armatures U, U and U The circuit thus completed at the moment that lever U touches the contact-pins 8589, is the one that includes the coil of the solenoid .9. But until the preceding levers U and U are attracted and held down by their magnets N, N the third lever U will not come in play. Two weaker impulses are thus necessary to select and set the lever U for operating the solenoid 8.
All the impulses transmitted by the sending apparatus pass through the windings of the magnet H before reaching the circuit selecting magnets of the receiving apparatus, but that magnet being wound for the required resistance, and its armaturedever I being adjusted by regulating the tension of the coiled spring I in the well known manner, it will not be energized by the impulses of lower potentiality and the armature-lever I will not be attracted as long as the weaker impulses are received from the battery F at the sending station. These impulses therefore pass through the coils of the magnet H without affecting it; but on receiving the final impulse which is of a sufficient potentiality to act on its coils, the magnet H attracts the armature I with the efiect to close a local circuit that is normally open at the contact-pins 108110 under the pole-piece of the armature I. The battery Gr included in this local circuit is arranged to supply current of the required potentiality to actuate the type-bar operating means which are connected in such local circuit through the circuit selecting devices which are actuated by the weaker impulses preceding the last and stronger impulse, as I will now proceed to explain :The first incoming impulse passing through the coils of the magnet H and over the conductor 177 and connections 13% to the contact pin 60 in the set under the armature lever U reaches the coils of the first magnet in the series N, N N and so on, through the contact-pin 62 of the pins 60-62 on which the armaturelever is normally resting. That contact-pin being connected with the coils of the magnet N through the conductor 140, the circuit through the magnet is carried to the return conductor 182 over the connecting wire 18?), and thence to earth at 9; thereby completing the circuit through the earth back to the sending station. WVhen a full metallic circuit between the stations is employed a return wire 184: is substituted for the earthreturn. The first of the series of weaker impulses thus acting on its magnet sets the lever U. On receiving current, coil N draws the front end of lever U down against the two contact- pins 84, 86, and also raises the rear end ofi the contacts 6062, and at the same moment presses it against the contactpins 59, 61, 63, 65, the effect of which is to raise and hold up those four pins in their guides.
It should be understood that all the contact-pins have a limited -movement in their guides, and are returned to position by a light coiled-spring on each pin at the moment that the pressure of the lever is removed, the extent of their movement being governed by collars on the pins, the arrangement being similar to that of the contact pins illustrated in Fig. 4:- By contact of lever U with the pins 8486, coil N is brought in circuit with the holding-down battery F and current is thrown on coil N, the efiect of which is to hold the lever U in its depressed position with its rear end against the up per contact-pins 596l, 6365. Current then will flow from one pole of battery F over conductor 160 and the connection 180 at the first binding-post on the right to the pin 84, and thence to the next pin 86 of that pair under the depressed front end of the lever U, and by the connection 184 to one side of the coil N. The return to the opposite pole of battery F is completed over the connection 140 to binding-post Z, and thence over conductors 168, 160 and 161 to a set of contacts ef located under the lever (1* of the spacing-mechanism on the typewriter. These contacts ef are so arranged in the holding-down circuit that the circuit remains closed at that point, and current is maintained on the magnet-coils until after the typebar has operated; but as soon as its letter or character is written and the spacing-mechanism comes into action to move the paper for the next letter, the lever cZ is moved in the return of the key-lever to position, and contacts ef are caused to separate and thereby momentarily open the holding-down circuit at that point, but are brought together again as the spacing mechanism comes to rest. The last-mentioned circuit therefor remains closed at the point ef, except in each movement of the spacing-mechanism, when it is opened for a sufiicient interval to throw ofi' the coils of all the levers previously selected and set by the stroke of the key that was last struck in the transmitting key-board.
In addition to the two circuits set up by the lever U, the coil N is out ofi from the main-line as the lever U leaves the contacts 6062, and connection is set up between the line and the next coil N at the moment that the lever touches the pins 6163. The second coil being then connected with the line 177 through pins 61, 63 and the connection I 131 and the pins 6466 already connected together by the lever U the second impulse passes over the circuit thereby set up, and over the wire 142 from the pin 66 to one end of the coil, and is completed from the other end of the coil to the return side of the main-circuit over the connection 121 and the conductor 182 to earth at g. As the lever U responds to the first incoming impulse it cuts off its own actuating coil from the line and connects it in circuit with the holding-down battery F at the same instant that it sets up connection between one side of the next coil N and the main-line; whereupon the second incoming impulse reaching the second coil N over the circuit 177, 61, 63, 131, 64, 66, 142, and thence to the return-conductor 182 and to the earth at g, puts current on the coil N with the effect to draw down the armature-lever U That movement of the second armature-lever thereupon cuts out its coil N and throws it in circuit with the holding-down battery F at the same time connecting the coil N into the main-line connection 177. The third incoming impulse which is stronger than the two which preceded it then acts through the coil N to operate the third armaturelever U in the series. The actuating circuit of the third coil N will be traced from the line 177 through the second and third pins 7173 standing above the second lever U to the conductor 133, thence to the pins 687O under the third lever U and the conductor 144 to the coil N. All the coils being connected permanently into the maincircuit return through the common conductor 182 and the wire 183 running from one side of each coil to the return-conductor, it will be seen that a coil receives current from the main line whenever a circuit is completed from the line to the remaining side of the coil through the lower contactpin of its own armature-lever and the upper contact-pins of the next lever to the right. It will be seen, also, that each armaturelever at the instant it is attracted by its own coil-throws the coil in circuit with the holding-down battery F And lastly, it will be seen that every armature-lever at the time of its attraction is not only held down as long as the holding-down circuit remains closed at the points e-f in the type-writing mechanism, but it also sets up a condition between the solenoid-coil s and its local actuating battery, whereby the coil will receive current and the type-bar will be operated at the instant that the solenoid-circuit is closed at the contacts 108110. Under the conditions above described, therefore, the number of weaker impulses as transmitted by a given key determine the number of armature-levers that must be operated in order to select and set up the required solenoid circuit for actuating the proper type-bar; and the last stronger impulse of the series operating directly on the coil of the magnet H closes the local circuit of the selected solenoid.
. To every solenoid in the type-writing mechanism there is associated a particular armature-lever, which at the time of its attraction puts its solenoid in condition to 'receive current from the local battery G. But every armature-lever, at the time of its attraction also connects the actuating-means of the next armature-lever to the left into the main-line ready to be acted on by the following impulse. The result of this is that if the impulse be a stronger impulse, it will act directly on the coil of the magnet H, and by closing the local battery-circuit at 108110, will actuate the selected solenoid; or, if the following impulse be also a weaker, and not a stronger impulse than the preceding one, the coil H will not be energized, the contacts 108-11O will not be closed at that moment, and the coil of the next armaturelever being acted on by such weaker impulse will be energized, thereby bringing a different solenoid in circuit to be operated by the next impulse if that impulse should be of the required strength to energize the magnet H in the main-line.
The principle on which the selection and the operation of a particular type-bar actuating solenoid is effected over a singleline main circuit by a single depression or stroke of a transmitting key at one end, and the receiving apparatus at the other end, is that a particular number of weaker impulses in rapid succession act to select the armature-lever associated with the particular solenoid to be actuated, after which the final stronger impulse acts to close the local battery on the selected solenoid and thereby complete the operation. Any particular key selected and struck at the transmitting-keyboard will thus operate the corresponding type-bar at the receiving-end by currents of one direction, and the desired end and object are attained without the employment of polarized relays, or the use of synchronized apparatus. At the end of;- the operation and as the type-bar returns to its position of rest after having made contact with the paper, the holding-down circuit is automatically opened at the points e--f, and all the coils in the series N that had previously been brought in play, are immediately deprived of current. The armature-levers that were acted on by the selected coils there-upon return to position ready to respond to the next series of in-coming impulses. In the receiving apparatus as thus constructed to attain the desired object of selecting and operating a type-writing mechanism by means of electrical impulses transmitted over a single main-line or circuit by a single stroke of a transmitting key, as many circuit-selecting levers and their associated contacts are provided as there are type-bars or partsin the type-writing mechanism to be actuated. It will be seen further, that the position in the series of circuit-selecting levers of the particular lever to be actuated in order to oper ate a given type-bar or part, governs and determines the number of impulses to be transmitted to the receiving apparatus from the transmitting key-board at the opposite end of the circuit.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The herein described system of operating type-writing mechanism on a single main-line circuit, consisting in a transmitting key-board at one station containing a separate key for each letter or character provided in the type-writing mechanism at another station on the line; means operating through the single stroke of a key to send out on the line a fixed number of relatively weak electrical impulses, the number of which is always individual to that key, followed by a final electrical impulse of greater strength than the initial impulses; in combination with type-bar actuating means in the writing-mechanism at the receiving-end of the line including electrically actuated means for operating each type-bar, in normally open circuit with a local battery, circuit-selecting means actuated by the relatively weak initial impulses for putting in operative condition with the local battery the electrically-actuated means of a particular type-bar according to the number of such initial impulses transmitted on the line by the stroke of the selected key, and means actuated by the final stronger impulse operating to close the local battery in the selected type-bar actuating means.
2. The combination, with a type-writer key-board, of a local battery, a main-line, a plurality of circuit making and breaking devices each adapted when operated to send a single'impulse from said local battery out on the main-line, an electro-magnet to each Copies of this patent may be obtained for circuit making and breaking device adapted when energized to actuate the same; means connecting said magnets in series and in groups separately with every key in the key-board, each group consisting of a fixed number of magnets, but the last magnet in the series being common to all the groups, a local circuit including a battery for energizing the magnets, means controlled by each separate key for putting the magnets composing its particular controlling group in circuit in successive order with the said battery, whereby the magnets of each group operate under a single stroke of the controlling key in the key-board to actuate the main-line circuit making and breaking devices in successive order, and means actuated by the last magnet in the series as the same is energized and adapted to send out on the main-line a final impulse of greater strength than the initial impulses.
3. In an electrically operated system for conveying intelligence between stations on a single main-line circuit, the combination of a key-operated circuit making and breaking device adapted to send over the line from a transmitting station a fixed number of relatively weak impulses individual to the key, followed by a final impulse of greater strength than the preceding impulses; a type-bar operating mechanism at the receiving-station in the line, including a solenoid adapted to respond only to the fixed number of weak impulses transmitted over the line by operating the associated key in the key-actuated means at the other station on the line, said circuit-selecting means operating under the series of weak impulses to connect its solenoid incircuit with one side of the solenoid-operating battery, and means operated by the final stronger impulse on the line for completing the selected solenoid-circuit.
MANUEL S; AYAU. WVitnesses F. P. SMITH, J. HPMILLER.
five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatents, Washington, D. G.
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