US1004087A - Evaporating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

F. SGHEINEMANN.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 1. 1910.

1 ,004,087, `Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

FRANZ SCHEINEMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Iatented Sept. 26, 1911.

Application led November 1, 1910. Serial No. 590,180.

To all whom 'Lt may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANZ SGHEINEMANN, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at l0 Moosdorfst-rasse, Treptow, Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

In evaporating apparatus, which are fitted with a vertical system of tubes, the evaporation of the liquid is generally produced by hot steam being brought into contact with the outer walls of the heating tubes, while the liquid to be evaporated is in these tubes and in the lower liquid chamber and partly in the boiler chamber.

The steam bubbles produced in the various heating tubes tend to rise and carry the liquid with them. The current of the liquid therefore has an upward direction in all heating tubes. The liquid displaced from the heating tubes is continuously replaced by a fresh supply from the lower liquid chamber, while the hot evaporated liquid in the boiler chamber tends to pass through the heater tubes or through specially provided tubes back to the lower liquid cham' ber.

As the head of liquid over the tubes will vary continuously by the liquid boiling up, also the circulation of the liquid will be irregular and intermittent, whereby. the effect of the heating surface is considerably reduced, the detrimental formation of scale on the heating surface is favored, and the foaming and rising of the liquid is increased.

In the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification a vertical section of the evaporating apparatus is shown.

According to the present invention a partition b is so arranged in the steam chamber, that the heating tubes are thereby divided 4into two groups c and (l respectively, which lie in steam zones of different temperatures. The steam entering into the chamber a will first pass along group c and then only along the tubes Z within the partition. The liquid in the group c will absorb a part of the heat of the steam and then low in an upward direction into the upper chamber e, where the steam generated may escape. The group of tubes al serves to conduct the not yet evaporated portion of the liquid from chamber tained in the steam and reaches the lower chamber f in a preheated state, whereupon it is reserved and renters the tubes o.

The liquid therefore circulates in counter current to the hot steam. The downward flow of the liquid in the grou-p of tubes cl can not be interrupted by steam bubbles as the velocity of the downward flow which depends on the upward flow in group c produces a comparatively greater liquid pressure in group (l, so that the liquid can absorb a greater amount of heat, without steam being generated. During the upward flow in group c the liquid pressure will drop and the generation of steam will be accelerated by the preheating in the group cl. Where the tubes open into the upper chamber e, the partition has a short extension g which has the consequence that any excessive boiling up of the liquid will not affect the predetermined circulation of the liquid. It serves as a weir of the liquid emerging from the tubes c and prevents an overrush of the returning liquid into tubes c.

The constant direction of flow of the liquid in the upper chamber e further allows of the steam bubbles readily separating from the foaming liquid, as over the tubes d there is no evaporating and only the returning liquid, so that there exist sulicient room for the steam and foam bubbles to burst. As furthermore the foam bubbles can not enter into the heating tubes, which lie in the hottest steam zone, the formation of non heat-conducting scale on'these tubes is avoided, as any deposits will not so easily burn and stick in consequence of the low temperature of group (Z. In liquids which precipitate salts the salt crystals will be carried by the liquid through the tubes d into the lower chamber, where they will easily be precipitated.

The present invention consequently produces a positive uninterrupted and increased circulation of the liquid to be evaporated, whereby the efficiency of the heating surface is raised and the format-ion of foam and scale is reduced.

I claim:

1. In an evaporating apparatus a partition dividing the heating tubes into two groups and conducting the fresh live steam entering upper chamber above the openings of the heating` tubes up to the level of the liquid in said chamber.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set\ my hand in presence of two witnesses.

FRANZ SCHEINEMANN.

I/Vitnesses WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY I-IAsrnR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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