US1001876A - Electrolytic cell. - Google Patents

Description

P. MGDORMAN.

ELBGTROLYTIC CELL.

APPLIGATION FILED 11110.29, 1910.

1,001,876 Patented. Aug.29,1911.

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P. MGDORMAN.

ELBGTROLYTIC CELL.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.29,1910.

1,001,876. Patented Aug, 29, 1911.

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1,001,876, Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

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1 f 1 l l f A I l l I l E. j? f7 35.5-@ 73 16 1i 5 j 13 4f 16 i prevents the current passing through the ENTTED STATES EATEN T UEETEE.

lPAUL MCDORMAN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL LAUNDRY MACHINERY COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented aug.' 2e, 191i.

To all whom 'it may concern: f

Be it known that I, PAUL MoDoRMAN, a citizen of the United States, .residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of'Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrolytio Cells; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will `enable others skilled in t-he art to which it appertains t0 make and use thesame, reference being had to t-he accomginying drawings, and to the letters and fib res of reference marked thereon,r which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in electrolytic cells for the decomposition of a solution of a salt to form a bleaching liquid and the like.

The object of the invention is to provide means in an electrolytie apparatus which liquid around the` electrodes, thereby compelling the current to pass through the liquid directly between the electrodes, and securing the greatest amount of decomposition. vThe improvements and advantages obtained thereby will be more full described hereinafter, in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Referring' to said drawings, Figure` 1 is a top plan view of my improved electrolytic apparatus. Fig. 2 is a section of the same on the line a-a of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section of the same on the line b-bof Fig. 1.

And Fi 4 is a View showing a modified form of lnlet ducts 4for the cell proper.

-In the drawings, 1 designates an outer vessel provided with cleats 2, Figs. 2- and3, which support a vplate 3. Mounted on the plate 3 is an inner vessel 4 which forms the electrolytic cell proper. The sides of the "cell or inner vessel 4, are provided with grooves 5 which receive the Vertical -edges of a lower series of non-conducting plates 6,A an intermediate series of electrodes 7 such as carbon or graphite, and an upper series of non-conducting plates 8.- The compartments formed by the plates 6 and 8, and the compartments also communicate with theouter vessel 1 'at the top through o enings 11 the sides of the inner vesse. The

openings 11 are provided with tubes 12, which 11e in grooves or troughs 13 in plates 14 supported on cleats 15 on the outer vessel 1. The openings 11 and tubes 12 are arranged staggered relatively to each other, each alternate compartment being provided with an opening 11 and a tube 12 on the same side of the inner vessel 4. At each end of the vessel or cell 4 is a pole piece 16,' which, when the device is in use, are connected in an elect-ric current. The outer vessel is supplied with a solution of salt, the upper level of which is slightly below the top of the plates 14, which allows the liquid to enter the Acompartments between the plate 6 and 8 and the electrodes 7'in the inner vessel or cell 4', to the same height. The liquid may consequently fiotv into the inner vessel 4 through the openings 10 and 9, and out of said vessel through the openings 11, tubes 12 and grooves 13. 'The entire device, with the exception of the electrodes 7 and pole pieces 16,'is made of insulating material, and when theelectric circuit is closed, the current will flow` from one pole piece 16 to the other through the electrodes 7 and the solution between them. The current passing through the liquid, decomposes the salt therein and forms a bleaching liquid. During this decomposition, a gas is liberated that lowers the weight of the liquid, which constantly flows upwardly out' of the compartments through the openings 11, the liquid, meanwhile, flowing into said compartments through the openings 9 and 10, as shown by the Varrows in Fig. 2. A circulation of the liquid is therefore produced, which is necessarv tothe `practical operation of the device.

Thedecomposition is most eectually pro duced Vbetween the electrodes 7, and as the liquid in flowing from one compartment to the other passes through an elongated channel or passage-way, practically all of the current will pass through the electrodes, as the resistance of the liquid in the tubes 12, grooves 13, outer vessel 14, andopenings 9 and 10 is necessarily much greater than the liquid immediately between the electrodes. As the vopenings 11 are arranged staggered, the current will not pass around any one electrode 7, as the resistance of the liquid in the tubes 12 and grooves 13 is greater than the liquid immediately between the electrodes. By increasing the circulation of the liquid, it is possible for all said liquid to pass between the electrodes which results in greater efliciency as well as greater strength in making. the bleaching liquid. An increased circulation of the liquid .when low ing out of and into the compartments is secured by uniting a series of tubes 17 in the l openings l of the vessel 4. These tubes may, of course, be angular or straight. The circuit of travel of the liquid is thereby materially lengthened. l

From the above description and' the accompanying drawings, it will at once be seen that the construction is devoid of any difficult ports or passages leading either to or from the inner vessel, and thus the cost as well as the work of making the apparatus is reduced to a minimum. The outlet tubes 12 are easily inserted in their respective openings in the upper portions of the side walls of the inner vessel, and the channel plates or troughs 14 are likewise placed in position with little or n0 efi'ort.

I claim:

1. In am electrolytic apparatus, outer and inner vessels, the inner vessel being provided with openings along the upper sides thereof which communicate with the interior sides of the outer vessel, said inner vessel also provided with an opening which communi- Cates with the outer vessel at the bottom,

electrodes mounted in said inner vessel and forming compartments with which the openings along the upper sides of said inner vessel communicate, a series of outwardly and laterally extending tubes mounted in the openings in the sides of the inner vessel, and grooved plates mounted along the upper portions of the sides of the inner vessel and receiving said tubes, substantially as described. Y

2. In a device of the type specified, an outerfvessel, an inner vessel mounted therein, electrodes mounted in said inner vessel and forming compartments, pole pieces mounted at the end of said inner vessel, said inner vessel being provided with openings along the upper""`edges of the sides thereof which communicate with the outer vessel and with the compartments, said inner vessel also provided with an elongated opening at its bottom which communicates with said an electric circuit, the resistance ofthe liquidl in the outer vessel will cause the current to pass through the electrodes.

3. In an electrolytic apparatus, an outer vessel, an inner vessel mounted therein, said inner vessel provided with openings along its upper sides which communicate with the outer vessel, andan elongated opening in its bottom, a plate below the bottom of said inner vessel with a series of openings communicating with the interior of the inner vessel through the elongated opening in the bottom thereof, a series of tubes secured within said openings in said plate and eX- tending in proximity to the bottom ofr the outer vessel, electrodes mounted in the inner vessel and forming compartments with which the openings in the inner vessel communicate, outwardly and laterally extending tubes mounted in the openings in the sides of the inner vessel, and grooved plates mounted on the sides of the inner vessel and epiving said tubes, substantially as specie .l

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL ivienoiuuan.V

Witnesses:

R. J. MCCARTY, HOWARD S. SMITH.

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