US1001381A - Blacking or dressing for metal surfaces. - Google Patents

Description

the ingredients shall be of a nature to ti ailv t t' l lilil lll STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DUNCAN R. FRANKLIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO S. M. IlllXjBY &; COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 01? NEW YORK.

BLACKING 0R DRESSING FOR METAL SURTJACES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 10, 1909.

No Drawing.

Patented Aug. 22, 1911.

Serial No. 517,050.

To all whom it may concern:

Ile it known that I, DUNCAN R. FRANK- m.\'. a citizen of the United States and a resident ot- New York, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful inprovemc'uts in lilackines or Dressings tor Metal Surfaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to blackings or dressings for metal surfaces and more especially to that class which are used for polishing stoves and othe' articles which are inlcmhul to be heated.

in certain prior compositions for stove blaekings or polishes itv has been customary to use graphite or other carbonaceous material and in some instances to combine with this a tiller. Insuchcompositions,however, the tiller has been of a character. which when subjected to heat decomposes, such that it is not united in any way to the iron or metallic surl'aco and r ulily becomes loosened so that the whole coating or polish soon wears away utter a short usage.

it is one object ol' my inycntion to pro vide a composition in which at least one of adhere to the surl'ace of the metallic iron or other metallic surface. and, especially when heat is applied thereto; which will more intimately unite with the metallic Surtace in such a way that a coating is secured which will be very permanently tixcd by the heating and wears almost indciinitely'as coin; )u1'tul with prior polishes. In order to bring about this result I provide a dressing containing a metal in a form which under the action of heat turns into a black compouml which readily and firmly unites with the iron.

Preferably the metal is applied in the form of an emulsion of a compound of the metal so that when heat is applied the com pound breaks up. 'l'orming a. black oxid of the metal which is very stable and strongly adheres to the metallic surface. In many instances I also find it advantageous to use a black tiller ot carlmnaceous material.

The pret'erred form of composition which l use consists of a water emulsion or solution oti cobalt hydrate and a tiller of graphite or carbon black. The use of the hydrate or l'lydroxicl of cobalt is preferable and advantageous since it dmrmnposes at comparatively low temperatures, v. a. about 3:25" l'b, that is, temperatures tound in the ordimiry stove while baking paalry, etc.

When this composition is applied to a stove r other iron surl'ace which is attcr ward heated, the heat canFcs a decomposition of the hydrate and the l'ormatirm ol. :1 black oxid of cobalt. This; black oxid may be a composition of several ol the cobalto-eobaltic oxide. The oxid thus tor-med while in contact with the iron which is in a heated condition is firmly united with the iron and can only be removed by slow do grees in the ordinary use ol the stove. .\n;\' further heating of the surface has no ell'ect on the composition except to more tirmly fix it in position. l urthermore when ap plied to stoves or other iron snrtaccsthe. metallic oxid permita the surface turn ng red which is a common .()t ('ltl'It-|lt't doc o the formation of red oxid ol' iron.

Although prefer to use cobalt lnxdralc. nevertheless other cobalt. compounds only be used. such as the salts thcreol and cVcn the oxids themselves although it is impon taut; that they decompose or linally rc ailt in a black compound or compoumla with the ordinary heat of stoves: or oclow no i". lompounds which do not re ult in the lack compound or con'lpounds at the ordi :ary heat of stoves are obviously conniwrciaitv unfit for a stove blacking'. l urtherniorc although I consider the cobalt compoun-ls to have many advantages over any othcrs, nevertheless for some I)lll'])ll t)H certain compounds of other metals and even the metals themselves may be u ed with mlvantageous results. in order to get good results, how-- ever, I prefer the use of some metal or metallic compound which under lhc action ot' heat decomposes at a snlliciently low temperature into a black oxid or oxids which lirmly adhere to the iron, possiblydonning a chemical combination therewith. For this. purpose would select metals ot the iron groupt .ier than iron as being best suited, sinc under some conditions nickel compounds term a very ellicicnt. blackingzj.

I am aware that certain copper compounds and especially copper salts liu\'c been suggested under certain conditions. in this case the compound breaks up and the black oxid of copper is 't'ornn-d. l tlnd. however, that copper compounds do not.

give as good results as the cobalt compounds since the copper compounds are very liable to decompose into oxids other than the black oxide, and the cobalt dressing'has *many advantages over the copper dressing.

held therein in suspension, or in solution, or'

bath. In any of these forms, however, the dressing is easily applied to the metallic surfacein such a manner that it is evenly distributed thereover and brought into intimate contact with the surface.

Although I have described my improvements in great detail, nevertheless I do not desire to be limited -to the specific compounds mentioned, except as specified hereafter in the claims, 'since many modifica- "tions within the spirit and. scope of my in- .ventmn will occur to the skilled chemist.

Having fully and clearly described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1-. A blacking or dressing for iron sur faces including an emulsion of cobalt hydrate; capable of being decomposed under the action of heat to cobalt;

2. A blackln'g or dressing for iron surproduce black oxid of I faces including a black filler of graphite and a 'Water eniuision of cobalt hydrate capable of being decomposed under the action of heat to produce black oxid of cobalt.

3. A blacking or dressing for iron surfaces including an emulsion of a cobalt eon pound capable of being decomposed by 4. A'blacking or dressing for metal sur- '1. faces including cobalt in a form capable 0t being changed by heat to produce an oxid of cobalt at a temperature below 400 F.

5. A blacking or dressing for metal sur.

faces including cobalt in a form capable of being changed by heat at a temperature be low 400 F. to produce an oxid of cobalt and a black filler. v

6. A blacking or dressing for inetalsun faces including acompound of a metal of the iron group capable of and in a form de signed to be changed into an oxid under the action of heat at a temperature below 400 F.

7. A blacking or dressing for metal surfaces including a metal of the iron group capable "of, and in a form designed to be changed into a black compound under the action of heat at a temperature below 400 F.

8. A ,blacking or dressing for metal surfaces including a metal of the iron group capable of and in a form designed to be changed into a blackcompound under the action of heat at about 325 F. and a black filler.

9. A blacking or dressing for metal surfaces including a liquid containing a cobalt compound designed to be decomposed by heat below 400 F. to produce a black. oxid of cobalt, and a carbonaceous filler. I

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v

DUNGAN R. FRANKLIIL Witnessesz' GORHAM ()noser, EDWIN Sir-ens.