US1001134A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

e. W. GILLELAND. STEAM TURBINE.

' I v APPLICATION FILED 11111 10, 1911. 1,001,134;

Patented Aug. 22, I911.

" turbine.

GROVEItW. GILLELAND,..OF STEAM BOAT SPRINGS, COLORADO.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, '1911,

Application filed February 10, 1911. Serial No. 608,098,:

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnovnn- W. GILLE- LAND, a' citizen of the United States, residing at Steamboat Springs, in the county of Routt and State of-Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

,This invention relates to steam turbines and has for its object to producea device of this character whereby thesteamis given the maximum leverage for operating the turbine at high velocity.

A further object is to produce means for automatically regulating the speed of the More specifically my object is to produce a turbine provided internally with cups and a.nozzle for discharging steam into sucthe steam escapingfrom the cups rearward of the nozzle and with a yieldingly-advanced guard to prevent the steam escapin from the cups until the latter have passed eyond the front end of the nozzle and adapted, in the event ofa substantial diminution in the speedof the engine to be repressed by the expanding steam'in the .cup next forwardof the nozzleto permit the velocity of the turbine to be increased'by providing for the escape of the steam from the cup at that time in communication with the nozzle.

With these objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel and peculiar features of construction and organization as hereinafter described and claimed; and in older that it may be fully understood reference is to be had tothe'accompanying' drawing, in which:-

Figure 1,.is a plan view of a steam turbine embodying my invention,..Fig. 2, is a side view-of the same. Fig. 3, is an en.- larged horizontal section of a part of the .;turbine. Fig. 4, is a vertical section as in fdicated by the dotted line IV of Fig. 3.

In the said .drawing, 1 indicates a base or support and 1 a vertical stub shaft carried thereby on which is journaled the wheel or rotary part 2 of the, turbine, 2* i ndicating the spokes, which for convenience are own below the plane of the ri'lii. The rim is provided at'its inner side with the cups 3, and with circular tongues 4 at opposite sides of the cups.

, steam is permitted to escape 5 is a stationarynozzle adapted to be suit ably supported and receiving steam under pressure, from any suitable source of supply,

and said nozzle is arranged within the space inclos'ed by the rim of the wheel and extends at an angle corresponding approxi- ,mately to that of each cup, aslthe latter passes into communication with the nozzle,

'- the nozzle being so proportioned by preference that it will communicate with the followingcup, before the preceding one has begun to pass the fro'nt ext-remity of the nozzle. The nozzle is also provided by preference, with grooves 7, receiving the tongues E4, so that it will be impossible for steam to escape between the side walls of the noz zle andtheside walls of the cup. Atits rear side the nozzle is'provided withanex- :tension or guard 8 of suflicient- ,areato. precessively presented cups, the nozzle. being, vent steam escaping rearwardly from the equipped with stationary means to prevent g :nozzle and said extension like the nozzle proper is adapted to bear a tongue and groove relation with the rim'." The nozzle is preferably provided with a pair of guide lugs9, for the stem 11 of a repressible guard 10, fitting against the front side of the nozrearmost cup in communication with the zleand of sufficient area at its front end i to completely close each cup as it passes for- -ward of the nozzle, and this guard like the nozzle and the rear guard or extension 8, is

adapted to bear a tongue and groove rela-.

tion with the rim, and to hold the front guard 10 pressing against the rim with a yielding pressure, I preferably employ a coiled spring 12 which bears against the said guard at one end and one of the bearing lugs 9 at its opposite end.

Assuming that the parts bear the relation shown most clearly in Fig. 3 and that the wheel is being driven by the impact and pressureof the steam on the successively presented cups, it will be apparent that a diminution in the speed from any cause, such as an increase in the load, will result in the confinement of the steam in the cup at that time closed by the front guard, for a longerperiod of time thanoccurs when the speed is normal. Because of this, an opportunity is given for the steam to expand and thus repress the guard 10 against the resistanceofspring 12, in the direction indicated by the arrow adjacent to the guard. The instant this repression, of the 1gruard occurs om the following cup as it clears the front extremity of the nozzle and the velocity of the wheel or turbine is instantly accelerated, as it, at such instant, is driven mainly by the impact rather than under the expansion of the steam from the nozzle." As the speed is restored to normal, the spring 12 returnsthe guard to its original position and holds it in such position until the speed again falls, it being noted in this connection that but little steam is wasted owing to the fact that the increase of the speed and the readvance of the guard 10 are practically instantaneous. I

It will be obvious that a plurality of the nozzles-may be employed which will cooperate together in revolving the-wheel or turbine and that the, maximum speed is ob-- tained because the steam is applied on the outer part of the wheel or turbine and thus obtains the greatest possible leverage.

From the above description it will be apparent that there being no dead point, the operation of the turbine instantly follows the supply of steam to the rim and that the device embodies the desirable features of simplicity, strength, durability and cheap- I 'ness of construction, and I wish it to be understood that while I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of the invention I donot desire to be restricted to the exact details of construction shown and described as obvious modifications will sug- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. 7

of the nozzle. I

2. A steam turbine, comprising a wheel provided with rim cups facing inwardly, a stationary nozzle engaging the rim and has completely cleared the front extremity I adapted to direct steam into the successively 3. A steam turbine, comprising'a wheel provided with rim cups facing inwardly,

a stationary nozzle engaging the rim and adapted to direct steam into the successively presented cups, means for preventing steam.

from escaping from the cups back of the nozzle, and a guard yieldingly engaging the I rim forward of the nozzle and preventing the escape of steam until the front wall of each' charged cup has either .cleared the front wall of said guard or the steam in said cup has repressed the guard from the 4;. A steam turbine, comprising a wheel provided with rim cups facing inwardly,

a stationary *nozzle engaging the inner face of the rim and adapted to direct steam into the: successively presented cups, a guard preventing steam supplied to the cups from escaping therefrom back of the nozzle, a slidable guard fitting against the front side of the nozzle and suitably guided for end# I wise reciprocation, and a spring holding said guard pressed against the inner side of the rim forward of the nozzle.

In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature, 7

in the presence of two witnesses. I

GROVERWV. GILLELAN"). Witnesses:

J. EARL MILNER, 1 ALBERT A. MANN. I

Washington, D. C.

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