US1000097A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

I'. LJUNGSTROM.

` TURBINE. APPLIOATIN FILED 001217, 1910.

1,000,097. V' Patented Aug. 8,1911."

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TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8,' 1911.

Application led October 17, 1910. Serial No. 587,60.

to letters or figures of reference marked' thereon,`which form a part of this specification.l

This invention relates to gas or steam turbines and particularly to turbines of t-he radial flow type wherein concentric pacle ing rings are provided on the sides of the turbine wheel, and has for its object 'to so mount these rings that leakage will be reduced to a. minimum.

In gas and'steam turbines the hot motive iuid iiows through a number of relatively light and close-fitting rings which are heated more rapidly than the heavier parts me, this premature heating of the rings, owing to their eonstructhm and arrangement, causing the individual ring bodies to expand unevenly and more rapidly than the heavier parts to'which they are secured, whereby more or less warping an consequent binding of the rings results. In order to overcome these defects many methods are at present employed, cert-ain ones of which consistin providing relatively large spaces between the rings, this arrangement resulting in excessiveleakage and consequent low eficiency of the turbine,

The -present invention has for its object to provide an arrangement of packing rings, whereby uniform and free expansion thereof will be permitted independently of the parts carryingthe same, and at the same time reducing leakage to a minimum and increasing the eliiciency of thel turbine. To this end I provide thin drum-shaped -connections between the rings and the` parts directly ca ing the same, the structure being this arrangement the heat is confined in the rings or substantially so, whereby the possibility of' a sudden transferenceof heet to the ring-carrying parts will be reduced. Furthermore with this construction whether the rings are of uni` form diameters and arranged in a of different diameters and arrange sent a tapering surface will be immaterial in so far as uniformly heating -them is-concerned. I have found that this means for confining the heat may also be Iused to con nect the vanes to their usual supports, tlius doing away with the old method of insertlng the ends of the vanes directly into the vane carrying parts. 'f

The novel features of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in connection with 'the`v ac companying drawing.

In the drawing: Figure l shows in section the upper part of a turbine provided with packing rings according to my invention..- Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive show modified details of the packing rings in setition. Fig. 5

shows a plan view of parts a an'd k ot'Fig. 4:

in plan` 4 A l In the drawings, a designates the turbine casing. b the as orV steam inlet, o the turbine wheel, d the turbine shaft, e the fixed vane rings and f the rotating vane rings.

g indicates the packing rings and h and i the members carrying therings and fixed respectively on the turbine wheel ,o and the turbine casing a.

' 7a designates the annular or drum-shaped connections arranged between the turbine casi-ng and the wheel o on one side of the latter and4 also designates the connection hetween the members h and i carrying the packing rings g on the opposite side of the wheel e. The connections are secured by means of wedge rings l.

The motive fluid may flow int-o the packing rings through the steam channels o.

The drum-shaped connections may be made as shown in Figs.,1 to 3 by the turning' down of thicker rings, or they may be made separate as shown in Fig. 4,'snd then secured in any suitable' mannerA as, for instance, by means of rings 'r to the turbine casing or the turbine wheel. They mayroo.

also, as shown in Fig. 5, be provided with'.

axial slits s, thereby forming a'number'of axial'tongues arranged' close to each other. Fig. 2 shows packing rings g, the drumshaped parts lc" of which are integral with the A carrying members h'ji'.V The disks h' cured to the casingpa by means o the partsLr. v

'At m in Fig. 1 two adjacentrings 7c are fixedto the casing -a bymeans of Va single' wedge ring n.

Y 'It-.Will'be 'seenlthat by means of the constructions abovel described which 'comprise a thin connection'between the packing rings and' the carrying parts, that the rings are free to ex and and that a minimum amount of heat will be transferred through the thin connections to the carrying parts.

Having thus ldescribed my invention what I claim is p I wIn turbines in combination, packing rings, part-s carrying same and thin members joining said rings and said ring carrying parts. .A l

.-2. In turbines in` combination, packing rings 'N-uarts carryin same and thin drums ,.101

3, ",tlrengs an saidl arts. ringsjparts v'carry-ing same and thin cylindrical drums jolning the rings vand said parts.

4:.- In lturbines in combination, packing rings,- divided in groups, ring carrying parts and a cylindrical drum between each group and said parts.

5. In turbines in combination, packing rings, parts carrying same and thin drums,`

being integral with. the ring carrying'parts land joining saine with the packing rings.

6. In turbines in combination, rlngs, parts carrying same and tlrin" radially slotted drums between said rings and said parts.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invent-ion, I have .signed my name .in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FREDRIK LJ UNGSTROM.

Witnesses:

T. Hnxninsson, HARRY ALBIHN.

-\ tuijfbines in comblnation, packing..

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